CDK8/19 inhibition triggers a switch from mitosis to endomitosis in cord blood megakaryocytes.

Neonatal and adult megakaryocytes differ in proliferative capacity and ploidy levels, and neonatal and adult platelets differ in function, gene expression, and protein content. The mechanisms underlying these differences are incompletely understood. CDK8 and CDK19 are transcriptional kinases part of the CDK-mediator complex, which regulates gene transcription in a cell-specific manner.

The Correlation between Epicardial Adipose Tissue Thickness Measured by Echocardiography and P-Wave Dispersion and Atrial Fibrillation.

Background: Recent studies have indicated a close relationship between the thickness of epicardial adipose tissue (EAT) and the occurrence as well as persistence of atrial fibrillation (AF). However, the pathogenesis of this association is still in the exploratory stage. The aim of this study is to explore the correlation EAT, as measured by echocardiography, and P-wave dispersion (Pd) in the context of atrial fibrillation.

Quantitative label-free mass spectrometry reveals content and signaling differences between neonatal and adult platelets.

Background: Recent clinical studies have shown that transfusions of adult platelets increase morbidity and mortality in preterm infants. Neonatal platelets are hyporesponsive to agonist stimulation, and emerging evidence suggests developmental differences in platelet immune functions.

Objectives: This study was designed to compare the proteome and phosphoproteome of resting adult and neonatal platelets.

Serum sex hormones correlate with pathological features of papillary thyroid cancer.

Purpose: Sex hormones are thought to be responsible for the unique gender differences in papillary thyroid cancer(PTC). Most previous studies on these have focused on the expression of estrogen receptors, or have been limited to animal studies. The aim of our study was to explore the relationship between serum sex hormones and the pathological features of PTC in the clinical setting, as further evidence of the role of sex hormones in PTC.

Phosphoproteomics reveals content and signaling differences between neonatal and adult platelets.

Background And Objective: Recent clinical studies have shown that transfusions of adult platelets increase morbidity and mortality in preterm infants. Neonatal platelets are hyporesponsive to agonist stimulation, and emerging evidence suggests developmental differences in platelet immune functions. This study was designed to compare the proteome and phosphoproteome of resting adult and neonatal platelets.

Unique Features of Nanomaterials and their Combination Support Applications in Orthodontics.

Nanotechnology is a rapidly evolving field with numerous biological applications and is becoming increasingly significant due to its immense potential to enhance the properties of orthodontic and biomaterials. It is employed in various emerging areas of orthodontics, focusing on improving the performance of diverse orthodontic appliances and accessories, as well as nanoelectromechanical systems (NEMS) and nanorobots. Nevertheless, the biocompatibility and cytotoxicity of nanomaterials in orthodontic applications require further investigation.

Erratum: MicroRNA-101-3p suppresses cell proliferation, invasion and enhances chemotherapeutic sensitivity in salivary gland adenoid cystic carcinoma by targeting Pim-1.

[This corrects the article on p. 3015 in vol. 5, PMID: 26693056.

Fetal vs adult megakaryopoiesis.

Fetal and neonatal megakaryocyte progenitors are hyperproliferative compared with adult progenitors and generate a large number of small, low-ploidy megakaryocytes. Historically, these developmental differences have been interpreted as "immaturity." However, more recent studies have demonstrated that the small, low-ploidy fetal and neonatal megakaryocytes have all the characteristics of adult polyploid megakaryocytes, including the presence of granules, a well-developed demarcation membrane system, and proplatelet formation.

Association between morphological features of necrotizing pancreatitis on endoscopic ultrasound and outcomes of the endoscopic transmural step-up approach.

Objective: To investigate the association between necrotic collections on endoscopic ultrasound (EUS) and outcomes of the endoscopic transmural step-up approach in necrotizing pancreatitis (NP).

Methods: Adult NP patients who had undergone endoscopic transmural step-up approach, endoscopic transmural drainage or endoscopic transmural necrosectomy, were retrospectively enrolled, and divided into groups 1, 2 and 3 based on the amount of solid necrotic debris (quantified as a percentage of the total collection size of <30%, 30%-50%, and >50%).

Results: A total of 134 patients were included, of whom 52, 59 and 23 patients were categorized into groups 1, 2 and 3.

Iron status influences the response of cord blood megakaryocyte progenitors to eltrombopag in vitro.

Eltrombopag (ELT) is a thrombopoietic agent approved for immune thrombocytopenia and also a potent iron chelator. Here we found that ELT exhibited dose-dependent opposing effects on in vitro megakaryopoiesis: low concentrations (≤6 µM, ELT6) stimulated megakaryopoiesis, but high concentrations (30 µM, ELT30) suppressed megakaryocyte (MK) differentiation and proliferation. The suppressive effects of ELT30 were reproduced by other iron chelators, supporting iron chelation as a likely mechanism.

[Spatial niches of dominant zooplankton species in Yueqing Bay, Zhejiang Province].

The index of dominance (), average crowding (), niche breadth (), and niche overlap ( ) of dominant zooplankton species were calculated using data collected from four zooplankton surveys from May 2016 to February 2017 in Yueqing Bay, Zhejiang Province. The results showed that there were 17 dominant zooplankton species (with ＞0.02).

Pooling, room temperature, and extended storage time increase the release of adult-specific biologic response modifiers in platelet concentrates: a hidden transfusion risk for neonates?

Background: Adult donor platelets (PLTs) are frequently transfused to prevent or stop bleeding in neonates with thrombocytopenia. There is evidence for PLT transfusion-related morbidity and mortality, leading to the hypothesis on immunomodulatory effects of transfusing adult PLTs into neonates. Candidate factors are biologic response modifiers (BRMs) that are expressed at higher rates in adult than in neonatal PLTs.

Thrombocytopenia is associated with severe retinopathy of prematurity.

Retinopathy of prematurity (ROP) is characterized by abnormal retinal neovascularization in response to vessel loss. Platelets regulate angiogenesis and may influence ROP progression. In preterm infants, we assessed ROP and correlated with longitudinal postnatal platelet counts (n = 202).

Effects of Short-term High Dose Atorvastatin on Left Ventricular Remodeling in Patients with First Time Attack of Anterior Acute Myocardial Infarction.

Objects The aim of this trial was to evaluate the effect of short-term high-dose atorvastatin therapy on levels of high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hs-CRP), malonaldehyde (MDA), endothelin-1(ET-1), matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs), and left ventricular (LV) remodeling in patients with first time attack of acute anterior myocardial infarction (AAMI) .Methods A hundred and three patients with first time attack of AAMI who underwent successful primary percutaneous coronary intervention were randomized to receive atorvastatin 40 mg once daily for 1 week followed by 20 mg once daily (intensive treatment group, IT group, n=49), or atorvastatin 20 mg once daily (standard treatment group, ST group, n=54). Plasma levels of hs-CRP, MDA, ET-1, MMP-2 and MMP-9 were measured on admission, at 1 week, 2 weeks and 6 months follow up and compared between the IT group and ST group.

Developmental Stage-Specific Manifestations of Absent TPO/c-MPL Signalling in Newborn Mice.

Congenital amegakaryocytic thrombocytopaenia (CAMT) is a disorder caused by c-MPL mutations that impair thrombopoietin (TPO) signalling, resulting in a near absence of megakaryocytes (MKs). While this phenotype is consistent in adults, neonates with CAMT can present with severe thrombocytopaenia despite normal MK numbers. To investigate this, we characterized MKs and platelets in newborn c-MPL –/– mice.

Postoperative decrease of serum albumin predicts short-term complications in patients undergoing gastric cancer resection.

Aim: To find an accurate and simple predictor for postoperative short-term complications after gastrectomy.

Methods: Two hundred and twenty-three patients undergoing gastric cancer resection between October 1, 2015 and September 30, 2016 were enrolled in this study. Univariate and multivariate analyses were used to identify risk factors for complications after gastrectomy.

Selinexor-induced thrombocytopenia results from inhibition of thrombopoietin signaling in early megakaryopoiesis.

Selinexor is the first oral selective inhibitor of nuclear export compound tested for cancer treatment. Selinexor has demonstrated a safety therapy profile with broad antitumor activity against solid and hematological malignancies in phases 2 and 3 clinical trials (#NCT03071276, #NCT02343042, #NCT02227251, #NCT03110562, and #NCT02606461). Although selinexor shows promising efficacy, its primary adverse effect is high-grade thrombocytopenia.

Developmental differences between newborn and adult mice in response to romiplostim.

Thrombocytopenia is frequent among sick neonates. While most cases are transient, some neonates experience prolonged and severe thrombocytopenia. These infants often pose diagnostic and therapeutic challenges, and may receive large numbers of platelet transfusions.

The outcomes of initial endoscopic transluminal drainage are superior to percutaneous drainage for patients with infected pancreatic necrosis: a prospective cohort study.

Background And Study Aim: The commonly used minimally invasive methods for patients with infected pancreatic necrosis (IPN) are initial endoscopic transluminal drainage (ETD) and percutaneous catheter drainage (PCD), which are followed, if necessary, by endoscopic or surgical necrosectomy. This study intends to explore which of the two minimally invasive treatments leads to a better prognosis.

Patients And Methods: Patients with IPN and an indication for intervention were prospectively enrolled and underwent either initial ETD or PCD followed, if necessary, by endoscopic or surgical necrosectomy.

MicroRNA-101-3p suppresses cell proliferation, invasion and enhances chemotherapeutic sensitivity in salivary gland adenoid cystic carcinoma by targeting Pim-1.

MicroRNAs (miRNAs) play critical roles in carcinogenesis and tumor progression. Recent research has revealed miR-101-3p as an important regulator in several cancers. Nevertheless, its function in salivary gland Adenoid cystic carcinoma (ACC), a relatively rare malignance with poor long-term survival rate arisen in head and neck region, remain unknown.

A missense mutation in TFRC, encoding transferrin receptor 1, causes combined immunodeficiency.

Patients with a combined immunodeficiency characterized by normal numbers but impaired function of T and B cells had a homozygous p.Tyr20His substitution in transferrin receptor 1 (TfR1), encoded by TFRC. The substitution disrupts the TfR1 internalization motif, resulting in defective receptor endocytosis and markedly increased TfR1 expression on the cell surface.