Learnability with time-sharing computational resource concerns.

This article proposes `CoRE-learning' which introduces the `time-sharing' concept and enables `resource scheduling' in intelligent supercomputing facilities to be considered in machine learning theory for the first time.

Lanthanum chloride exerts therapeutic potential for chronic kidney disease by suppressing nanohydroxyapatite-induced mitophagy and mitochondria-mediated apoptosis.

Objective: To investigate the protective effect of lanthanum chloride on kidney injury in chronic kidney disease and its mechanism.

Methods: 1. Patients with CKD stage 2-5 were selected to analyze the effect of lanthanum-containing preparations on CKD.

Outcomes of pregnancy in Wilson's disease: a population-based study from multiple centres of the Han population in China.

Objectives: Wilson's disease is an autosomal recessive disorder related to copper metabolism which mostly patients occurs in adolescents, fertility has become a problem that WD needs to face.

Methods: A 21 years retrospective follow up study was conducted and a total of 220 female patients were included to identify patients with outcomes of pregnancy.

Results: Untreated female patients with WD had a spontaneous abortion rate of 44%.

Reducing the uncertainty in estimating soil microbial-derived carbon storage.

Soil organic carbon (SOC) is the largest carbon pool in terrestrial ecosystems and plays a crucial role in mitigating climate change and enhancing soil productivity. Microbial-derived carbon (MDC) is the main component of the persistent SOC pool. However, current formulas used to estimate the proportional contribution of MDC are plagued by uncertainties due to limited sample sizes and the neglect of bacterial group composition effects.

Early-onset palatal myoclonus in Wernekinck commissure syndrome secondary to caudal paramedian midbrain infarction: A case report and a mini review of the literature.

Introduction: Wernekinck commissure syndrome (WCS) is an extremely rare midbrain syndrome, which selectively destroys the decussation of the superior cerebellar peduncle and the central tegmental tract, which commonly presents with bilateral cerebellar ataxia, dysarthria, and internuclear ophthalmoplegia. Palatal myoclonus in Wernekinck commissure syndrome is uncommon and often occurs as a late phenomenon due to hypertrophic degeneration of bilateral inferior olivary nuclei.

Material And Method: A patient with WCS, admitted to our hospital from December 2023, was chosen for this study, and the syndrome's clinical manifestations, imaging features, and etiology were retrospectively analyzed based on the literature.

Exploring the impact of gut microbiota on liver health in mice and patients with Wilson disease.

Background And Aims: Distinctive gut microbial profiles have been observed between patients with Wilson disease (WD) and healthy individuals. Despite this, the exact relationship and influence of gut microbiota on the advancement of WD-related liver damage remain ambiguous. This research seeks to clarify the gut microbiota characteristics in both human patients and mouse models of WD, as well as their impact on liver injury.

Weakly Supervised AUC Optimization: A Unified Partial AUC Approach.

Since acquiring perfect supervision is usually difficult, real-world machine learning tasks often confront inaccurate, incomplete, or inexact supervision, collectively referred to as weak supervision. In this work, we present WSAUC, a unified framework for weakly supervised AUC optimization problems, which covers noisy label learning, positive-unlabeled learning, multi-instance learning, and semi-supervised learning scenarios. Within the WSAUC framework, we first frame the AUC optimization problems in various weakly supervised scenarios as a common formulation of minimizing the AUC risk on contaminated sets, and demonstrate that the empirical risk minimization problems are consistent with the true AUC.

Theoretical Exploration of Flexible Transmitter Model.

Neural network models generally involve two important components, i.e., network architecture and neuron model.

Optical coherence tomography in patients with Wilson's disease.

Background: Morphological changes of retina in patients with Wilson's disease (WD) can be found by optical coherence tomography (OCT), and such changes had significant differences between neurological forms (NWD) and hepatic forms (HWD) of WD. The aim of this study was to evaluate the relationship between morphological parameters of retina and brain magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) lesions, course of disease, type of disease, and sexuality in WD.

Methods: A total of 46 WD patients and 40 health controls (HC) were recruited in this study.

Analysis of risk factors for neurological symptoms in patients with purely hepatic Wilson's disease at diagnosis.

Objective: To analyze and explore the risk factors for neurological symptoms in patients with purely hepatic Wilson's disease (WD) at diagnosis.

Methods: This retrospective study was conducted at the First Affiliated Hospital of the Guangdong Pharmaceutical University on 68 patients with purely hepatic WD aged 20.6 ± 7.

Linear structural features of Wilson's disease and its correlation with neurological symptoms.

To measure the linear structure of the brain in patients with Wilson's disease (WD) and analyze its correlation with neurological symptoms. A total of 174 patients diagnosed with WD were enrolled. According to the type of clinical presentation, the patients with WD were divided into two groups: neurological (NWD) and hepatic (HWD).

Elderly onset of MELAS in a male: A case report.

Background: Mitochondrial encephalomyopathy with lactic acidosis and stroke-like episodes (MELAS) is one of the most common maternally inherited mitochondrial diseases which rarely affects elderly people.

Case Presentation: We reported the case of a 61-year-old male patient with MELAS. He was experiencing acute migraine-like headaches as the first symptoms.

Aqueous C-H aminomethylation of phenols by iodine catalysis.

A transition-metal-free strategy regarding an iodine-sodium percarbonate catalysis to achieve the -aminomethylation of phenols in aqueous media has been developed. This method can effectively broaden a wide range of phenols, tolerate sensitive functional groups, and achieve the late-stage functionalization of ten functional molecules that contain phenolic structures.

Open-environment machine learning.

Conventional machine learning studies generally assume scenarios where important factors of the learning process hold invariant. With the great success of machine learning, nowadays, more and more practical tasks, particularly those involving scenarios where important factors are subject to change, called in this article, are present to the community. Evidently, it is a grand challenge for machine learning turning from close environment to open environment.

A patient with hereditary transthyretin amyloidosis involving multiple cranial nerves due to a rare p.(Phe84Ser) variant.

We report a 30-year-old man involving gastrointestinal symptoms, vitreous opacity, and multiple cranial neuropathies. Transthyretin-related hereditary amyloidosis genetic testing revealed a rare c.251T > C variant p.

Improving generalization of deep neural networks by leveraging margin distribution.

Recent research has used margin theory to analyze the generalization performance for deep neural networks (DNNs). The existed results are almost based on the spectrally-normalized minimum margin. However, optimizing the minimum margin ignores a mass of information about the entire margin distribution, which is crucial to generalization performance.

Flexible Transmitter Network.

Current neural networks are mostly built on the MP model, which usually formulates the neuron as executing an activation function on the real-valued weighted aggregation of signals received from other neurons. This letter proposes the flexible transmitter (FT) model, a novel bio-plausible neuron model with flexible synaptic plasticity. The FT model employs a pair of parameters to model the neurotransmitters between neurons and puts up a neuron-exclusive variable to record the regulated neurotrophin density.

Clinicopathological significance of primitive phenotypes in early gastric cancer with differentiated histology.

Background: Certain gastric cancers exhibit some primitive phenotypes, which may indicate a high malignancy. In histologically differentiated early gastric cancer (EGC), the presence and the clinicopathological significance of the primitive phenotype remain unclear.

Methods: Using immunohistochemical staining we detected the expression of three primitive phenotypic markers SALL4, Glypican-3(GPC3), and AFP in whole tissue sections of differentiated EGC (gastrectomy specimens, n = 302).

Persistence with medical treatment for Wilson disease in China based on a single center's survey research.

Background: Wilson's disease (WD) is one of the few hereditary diseases that can be successfully treated with medicines. We conduct this survey research to assess treatment persistence among patients with WD and try to identify what factors affect the treatment persistence.

Methods: We employed WeChat which is the most popular social software in China to carry out this anonymous questionnaire research.

Prediction With Unpredictable Feature Evolution.

Learning with feature evolution studies the scenario where the features of the data streams can evolve, i.e., old features vanish and new features emerge.

Margin Distribution Analysis.

Margin is an important concept in machine learning; theoretical analyses further reveal that the distribution of margin plays a more critical role than the minimum margin in generalization power. Recently, several approaches have achieved performance breakthroughs by optimizing the margin distribution, but their computational cost, which is usually higher than before, still hinders them to be widely applied. In this article, we propose margin distribution analysis (MDA), which optimizes the margin distribution more simply by maximizing the margin mean and minimizing the margin variance simultaneously.

SHARPIN stabilizes β-catenin through a linear ubiquitination-independent manner to support gastric tumorigenesis.

Background: Aberrant activation of Wnt/β-catenin signaling by dysregulated post-translational protein modifications, especially ubiquitination is causally linked to cancer development and progression. Although Lys48-linked ubiquitination is known to regulate Wnt/β-catenin signaling, it remains largely obscure how other types of ubiquitination, such as linear ubiquitination governs its signaling activity.

Methods: The expression and regulatory mechanism of linear ubiquitin chain assembly complex (LUBAC) on Wnt/β-catenin signaling was examined by immunoprecipitation, western blot and immunohistochemical staining.

Ionic Liquid-Modified Porous Organometallic Polymers as Efficient and Selective Photocatalysts for Visible-Light-Driven CO Reduction.

In the photoreduction of CO to CO, the competitive H evolution is always inevitable due to the approximate reduction potentials of H/H and CO/CO, which results in poor selectivity for CO production. Herein, imidazolium-type ionic liquid- (IL-) modified rhenium bipyridine-based porous organometallic polymers (Re-POMP-IL) were designed as efficient and selective photocatalysts for visible-light CO photoreduction to CO based on the affinity of IL with CO. Photoreduction studies demonstrated that CO photoreduction promoted by Re-POMP-IL functioning as the catalyst exhibits excellent CO selectivity up to 95.