Mechanistic Insights into Regioselectivity and Its Evolution in On-Surface Polymerization.

Surface-catalyzed polymerization is crucial in both chemical science and industrial manufacturing, yet achieving regioselective radical polymerization on the surface remains challenging. Here, we demonstrate the regioselective Ullmann polymerization of nonsymmetrical 2,8-dibromoquinoline (DBQ) on an Au(111) surface. By combining scanning tunneling microscopy, density functional theory calculations, and kinetic modeling, we reveal the regioselectivity and its evolution with surface temperature at the molecular level.

Cumulative blood pressure predicts risk of cardiovascular outcomes in middle-aged and older population.

Background: Cardiovascular disease (CVD) remains a major health concern globally, contributing to a considerable disease burden. However, few studies have considered long-term cumulative blood pressure (cBP) exposure in middle-aged and older population in China. The aim of this study was to investigate whether long-term cBP was associated with subsequent cardiovascular outcomes among participants without CVD at baseline in Chinese over 45 years old.

Design, synthesis and antibacterial evaluation of oxazolidinone derivatives containing N-methylglycyl or quaternary ammonium salts.

The continuous evolution of multidrug-resistant (MDR) bacteria to existing antibiotic treatment regimens poses a serious threat to human health, so the discovery of new and potent antimicrobial drugs that are less likely to develop resistance is of great clinical significance. As a result, oxazolidinone antibiotics have emerged as a significant class of bacterial protein synthesis inhibitors, with particular success in the treatment of MDR Gram-positive infections. Herein, a series of novel C-ring modified oxazolidinone derivatives with the introduction of N-methylglycyl groups or quaternary ammonium salts were synthesized and evaluated for their antibacterial efficacy, among which most of the N-methylglycyl derivatives showed significant activity against E.

Association between Blood Trihalomethane Concentrations and the Risk of Dyslipidemia: Nationally Representative Cross-Sectional Study.

Experimental studies have indicated that exposure to disinfection byproducts (DBPs) may affect the lipid synthesis. However, epidemiological evidence is sparse. This study aimed to investigate the relationship between blood trihalomethane (THM) exposure and the risk of dyslipidemia from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 2005-2018.

Salt added at the table, APOE genotype and incident dementia.

Background: The frequency of salt added at the table (i.e., to food after it has been prepared, during consumption) could reflect an individual's long-term dietary preference and habitual intake in Western countries.

Age-specific in the relationship between diastolic blood pressure and the risk of cardiovascular disease: A cohort study of the UK Biobank.

Aims: To investigate the effect of optimal diastolic blood pressure (DBP) level on cardiovascular disease (CVD) events, considering different age groups. And the nonlinear relationship between DBP and CVD events by age were evaluated.

Methods: 358,734 participants of the UK biobank were included.

Solid phase extraction-surface enhanced Raman spectroscopy (SPE-SERS) test of antibiotic residues in Milk based on au@ MIL-101 NPs.

A SPE-SERS method was developed for the detection of several antibiotic residues in dairy products. Gold nanoparticles (Au NPs) encapsulated with an ultrathin Cr-MIL-101 shell (Au@Cr-MIL-101 NPs) have been synthesized, and the thickness of Cr-MIL-101 shell can be precisely controlled to 3 nm. As a superior solid phase extraction (SPE) adsorbent, Cr-MIL-101 acts as a shell layer to effectively enrich antibiotics within the localized surface plasmon resonance (LSPR) field of Au NPs, which enhances the SERS signal and eliminates background interference.

Association of dietary choline intake with incidence of dementia, Alzheimer disease, and mild cognitive impairment: a large population-based prospective cohort study.

Background: Choline, an essential nutrient, plays a critical role in cognition, and may help prevent dementia and mild cognitive impairment. However, studies on dietary choline and its derivatives for preventing these conditions are limited and inconsistent.

Objective: The objective of this study was to explore the associations between dietary choline intake and the incidence of dementia, Alzheimer disease (AD), mild cognitive impairment (MCI), and current cognitive performance in the United Kingdom Biobank cohort.

Investigating Causal Associations between the Gut Microbiota and Dementia: A Mendelian Randomization Study.

: The causal association of specific gut microbiota with dementia remains incompletely understood. We aimed to access the causal relationships in which one or more gut microbiota account for dementia. : Using data from the MiBioGen and FinnGen consortia, we employed multiple Mendelian randomization (MR) approaches including two-sample MR (TSMR), multivariable MR (MVMR), and Bayesian model averaging MR to comprehensively evaluate the causal associations between 119 genera and dementia, and to prioritize the predominant bacterium.

Association of weight change with all-cause and cause-specific mortality: an age-stratified analysis.

Background: The associations of weight change with all-cause and cause-specific mortality stratified by age remains unclear. We evaluated the age-stratified (< 65 vs ≥ 65 years) associations of weight change with all-cause and cause-specific mortality in a large sample of Chinese adults.

Methods: Our cohort study included 746,991 adults aged at least 45 years from the Shenzhen Healthcare Big Data Cohort in China.

Clinical value of a radiomics model based on machine learning for the prediction of prostate cancer.

Objective: Radiomics models have demonstrated good performance for the diagnosis and evaluation of prostate cancer (PCa). However, there are currently no validated imaging models that can predict PCa or clinically significant prostate cancer (csPCa). Therefore, we aimed to identify the best such models for the prediction of PCa and csPCa.

Causal Association between Circulating Metabolites and Dementia: A Mendelian Randomization Study.

The causal association of circulating metabolites with dementia remains uncertain. We assessed the causal association of circulating metabolites with dementia utilizing Mendelian randomization (MR) methods. We performed univariable MR analysis to evaluate the associations of 486 metabolites with dementia, Alzheimer's disease (AD), and vascular dementia (VaD) risk.

Leisure-time activities and disability among Chinese community-dwelling oldest old: evidence from the Chinese Longitudinal Healthy Longevity Study.

With the acceleration of population aging, disability in older adults is a growing public health problem; however, little is known about the role of specific leisure-time activities in affecting disability. This study prospectively examined the association of leisure-time activities with disability among the Chinese oldest old. A total of 14 039 adults aged 80 years or older (median age of 89.

Association between dietary diversity changes and frailty among Chinese older adults: findings from a nationwide cohort study.

Background: Dietary diversity has been suggested as a potential preventive measure against frailty in older adults, but the effect of changes in dietary diversity on frailty is unclear. This study was conducted to examine the association between the dietary diversity score (DDS) and frailty among older Chinese adults.

Methods: A total of 12,457 adults aged 65 years or older were enrolled from three consecutive and nonoverlapping cohorts from the Chinese Longitudinal Healthy Longevity Survey (the 2002 cohort, the 2005 cohort, and the 2008 cohort).

Association between atherogenic index of plasma and all-cause mortality and specific-mortality: a nationwide population‑based cohort study.

Background: Atherogenic index of plasma (AIP), a marker of atherosclerosis and cardiovascular disease (CVD). However, few studies have investigated association between AIP and all-cause mortality and specific-mortality in the general population.

Methods: This study included data from 14,063 American adults.

Effect of Meal-Timing on the Association of Unsaturated Fatty Acids with All-Cause and Cardiovascular Mortality among Adults: A Prospective Cohort Study with 10-Year Follow-Up.

Background: Conflicting results have been reported on the association of dietary unsaturated fatty acids (UFAs) with longevity and cardiovascular health. Most previous studies have focused only on the amount of UFAs consumed, not the timing of intake.

Methods: This prospective cohort study used data from 30,136 adults aged 18 years and older.

Analysis of changes in social isolation, loneliness, or both, and subsequent cognitive function among older adults: Findings from a nationwide cohort study.

Introduction: The study aimed to investigate the associations of changes in social isolation, loneliness, or both, with cognitive function.

Methods: Data were from 7299 older adults in the Chinese Longitudinal Healthy Longevity Survey. We defined four change patterns (no, incident, transient, and persistent) for social isolation and loneliness, and created nine-category variable to represent the joint changes.

Association of insomnia symptoms and trajectories with the risk of functional disability: a prospective cohort study.

Background: There is limited understanding regarding prospective associations of insomnia symptoms and trajectories with functional disability. We aimed to investigate the associations of insomnia symptoms and trajectories with functional disability.

Method: A total of 13 197 participants were eligible from the Health and Retirement Study.

Associations between whole grains intake and new-onset hypertension: a prospective cohort study.

Importance: Epidemiological evidences regarding the association between whole grain intake and the risk of new-onset hypertension are still controversial.

Objective: We aimed to investigate the relationship between whole grain intake and new-onset hypertension and examine possible effect modifiers in the general population.

Methods: A total of 10,973 participants without hypertension from the China Health and Nutrition Survey were enrolled, with follow-up beginning in 1997 and ending in 2015.

Silver Surface-Assisted Dehydrobrominative Cross-Coupling between Identical Aryl Bromides.

Cross-coupling reactions represent an indispensable tool in chemical synthesis. An intriguing challenge in this field is to achieve selective cross-coupling between two precursors with similar reactivity or, to the limit, the identical molecules. Here we report an unexpected dehydrobrominative cross-coupling between 1,3,5-tris(2-bromophenyl)benzene molecules on silver surfaces.

Long-term air pollutants exposure and respiratory mortality: A large prospective cohort study.

Ambient air pollution is a major global health concern. Yet, no study has thoroughly assessed its link to respiratory mortality. Our research evaluated the combined and individual effects of air pollutants on respiratory mortality risks based on the UK Biobank.

Long-term exposure to air pollutants and new-onset migraine: A large prospective cohort study.

Backgrounds: Short-term exposure to air pollutants increases the risk of migraine, but the long-term impacts of exposure to multiple pollutants on migraine have not been established. The aim of this large prospective cohort study was to explore these links.

Methods: A total of 458,664 participants who were free of migraine at baseline from the UK Biobank were studied.