Colossal magnetoresistance from spin-polarized polarons in an Ising system.

Recent experiments suggest a new paradigm toward novel colossal magnetoresistance (CMR) in a family of materials EuM[Formula: see text]X[Formula: see text] (M [Formula: see text] Cd, In, Zn; X [Formula: see text] P, As), distinct from the traditional avenues involving Kondo-Ruderman-Kittel-Kasuya-Yosida crossovers, magnetic phase transitions with structural distortions, or topological phase transitions. Here, we use angle-resolved photoemission spectroscopy and density functional theory calculations to explore their origin, particularly focusing on EuCd[Formula: see text]P[Formula: see text]. While the low-energy spectral weight royally tracks that of the resistivity anomaly near the temperature with maximum magnetoresistance ([Formula: see text]) as expected from transport-spectroscopy correspondence, the spectra are completely incoherent and strongly suppressed with no hint of a Landau quasiparticle.

Hopf bifurcation in an age-structured predator-prey system with Beddington-DeAngelis functional response and constant harvesting.

In this paper, an age-structured predator-prey system with Beddington-DeAngelis (B-D) type functional response, prey refuge and harvesting is investigated, where the predator fertility function f(a) and the maturation function are assumed to be piecewise functions related to their maturation period . Firstly, we rewrite the original system as a non-densely defined abstract Cauchy problem and show the existence of solutions. In particular, we discuss the existence and uniqueness of a positive equilibrium of the system.

Biomechanical Evaluation of 2 Endoscopic Spine Surgery Methods for Treating Lumbar Disc Herniation: A Finite Element Study.

Objective: This study aimed to evaluate the effects of 2 endoscopic spine surgeries on the biomechanical properties of normal and osteoporotic spines.

Methods: Based on computed tomography images of a healthy adult volunteer, 6 finite element models were created. After validating the normal intact model, a concentrated force of 400 N and a moment of 7.

Antibody responses to an inactivated SARS-CoV-2 vaccine in individuals aged from 50 to 102 years.

Objectives: To assess antibody responses to an inactivated SARS-CoV-2 vaccine in individuals aged 50 and older.

Methods: We conducted a post-market cross-sectional seroepidemiology study. We recruited 4,632 vaccinated individuals aged 50 and older, measured their total serum SARS-CoV-2-specific antibody (TA), and collected correlates.

A mathematical model reveals the influence of NPIs and vaccination on SARS-CoV-2 Omicron Variant.

An SVEIR SARS-CoV-2 Omicron variant model is proposed to provide some insights to coordinate non-pharmaceutical interventions (NPIs) and vaccination. Mathematically, we define the basic reproduction number and the effective reproduction number to measure the infection potential of Omicron variant and formulate an optimal disease control strategy. Our inversion results imply that the sick period of Omicron variant in the United States is longer than that of Delta variant in India.

Antiferromagnetic Order and Spin-Canting Transition in the Corrugated Square Net Compound Cu(TeO)(SO)·HO.

Strongly correlated electrons in layered perovskite structures have been the birthplace of high-temperature superconductivity, spin liquids, and quantum criticality. Specifically, the cuprate materials with layered structures made of corner-sharing square-planar CuO units have been intensely studied due to their Mott insulating ground state, which leads to high-temperature superconductivity upon doping. Identifying new compounds with similar lattice and electronic structures has become a challenge in solid-state chemistry.

Colossal Magnetoresistance without Mixed Valence in a Layered Phosphide Crystal.

Materials with strong magnetoresistive responses are the backbone of spintronic technology, magnetic sensors, and hard drives. Among them, manganese oxides with a mixed valence and a cubic perovskite structure stand out due to their colossal magnetoresistance (CMR). A double exchange interaction underlies the CMR in manganates, whereby charge transport is enhanced when the spins on neighboring Mn and Mn ions are parallel.

A stage-structured SEIR model with time-dependent delays in an almost periodic environment.

In this paper, we propose and investigate an almost periodic SEIR model with stage structure and latency, in which time-dependent maturation and incubation periods are incorporated. Two threshold parameters for the persistence and extinction of population and disease are introduced: the basic reproduction ratio $\hat{R}_{0}$ for population and the basic reproduction ratio $R_{0}$ for disease. If $\hat{R}_{0}<1 the="" population="" extinction="" state="" is="" globally="" attractive="" in="" the="" case="" where="" hat="" r="" _="" 0="">1$, it is shown that the disease tends to die out if $R_{0}<1 while="" remains="" persistent="" if="" r_="" 0="">1$.

Revisiting the evolutionary history of domestic and wild ducks based on genomic analyses.

Although domestic ducks have been important poultry species throughout human history, their origin remains enigmatic, with mallards and/or Chinese spot-billed ducks being proposed as the direct wild ancestor(s) of domestic ducks. Here, we analyzed 118 whole genomes from mallard, Chinese spot-billed, and domestic ducks to reconstruct their evolutionary history. We found pervasive introgression patterns among these duck populations.

NRP1 regulates radiation-induced EMT via TGF-β/Smad signaling in lung adenocarcinoma cells.

Purpose: Radiation has been shown to promote the epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) in tumor cells, and TGF-β/Smad and PI3K-Akt signaling pathways play an important role in the EMT. In this study, we investigated the effects of neuropilin-1 (NRP1) on radiation-induced TGF-β/Smad and non-classical Smad signaling pathways in lung cancer cells, as well as the effects of NRP1 on invasion and migration.

Materials And Methods: Changes in the expression levels of EMT markers (β-catenin, N-cadherin, and vimentin) and related transcription factors (Twist and ZEB1) in stably transfected cells were detected by Western blotting and qPCR, and changes were assessed by TGF-β/Smad and non-classical Smad signaling.

A potential drug combination of omeprazole and patchouli alcohol significantly normalizes oxidative stress and inflammatory responses against gastric ulcer in ethanol-induced rat model.

Omeprazole (OME) is a representative of proton pump inhibitors and widely used in anti-ulcer treatment. However, OME may cause some inevitable side effects and the long-term consequences of OME could increase the risk of diarrhea. Patchouli Alcohol (PA), the main extract of Pogostemonis Herba, have demonstrated benefits in treating gastric ulcer (GU) with low toxicity.

Capsaicin derivatives with nitrothiophene substituents: Design, synthesis and antibacterial activity against multidrug-resistant S. aureus.

To address the emergency caused by multi-drug resistant Staphylococcus aureus, a series of novel capsaicin derivatives with nitrothiophene substituents have been designed and evaluated for the antibacterial activities against S. aureus Newman and multidrug-resistant strains (NRS-1, NRS-70, NRS-100, NRS-108, and NRS-271). The structure-activity relationship was further revealed.

Synthesis and anticancer activity of novel 9,13-disubstituted berberine derivatives.

Novel berberine derivatives with disubstituents on positions C9 and C13 were synthesized and evaluated for antiproliferative activities against human prostate cancer cell lines (PC3 and DU145), breast cancer cell line (MDA-MB-231) and human colon cancer cell lines (HT29 and HCT116). All compounds showed significantly enhanced antiproliferative activities compared with berberine. Notably, compound 18e exhibited the strongest cytotoxicity against PC3 cells with an IC value of 0.

An almost periodic Ross-Macdonald model with structured vector population in a patchy environment.

An almost periodic Ross-Macdonald model with age structure for the vector population in a patchy environment is considered. The basic reproduction ratio [Formula: see text] for this model is derived and a threshold-type result on its global dynamics in terms of [Formula: see text] is established. It is shown that the disease is uniformly persistent if [Formula: see text], while the disease will die out if [Formula: see text].

Normal-state properties of the quasi-one-dimensional superconductor TaPdTe.

We examined the physical properties of the quasi-one-dimensional superconductor TaPdTe in the normal state by detailed measurements of susceptibility, in-plane anisotropic resistivity, magnetoresistance, Hall resistivity, and Seebeck coefficient. The large Wilson ratio, as inferred from normal-state susceptibility, indicates strong electron-electron interaction. The Hall and Seebeck coefficients show not only significant temperature-dependent behavior, indicating the multiband effect, but also an obvious anomaly around T   =  40 K.

Peculiar phase diagram with isolated superconducting regions in ThFeAsN O .

ThFeAsN O ([Formula: see text]) system with heavy electron doping has been studied by the measurements of x-ray diffraction, electrical resistivity, magnetic susceptibility and specific heat. The non-doped compound exhibits superconductivity at [Formula: see text] K, which is possibly due to an internal uniaxial chemical pressure that is manifested by the extremely small value of As height with respect to the Fe plane. With the oxygen substitution, the T value decreases rapidly to below 2 K for [Formula: see text], and surprisingly, superconductivity re-appears in the range of [Formula: see text] with a maximum [Formula: see text] of 17.