CD23 expression on switched memory B cells bridges T-B cell interaction in allergic rhinitis.

Background: The contribution of B-cell subsets and T-B cell interaction to the pathogenesis of allergic rhinitis (AR) and mechanisms of allergen immunotherapy (AIT) remain poorly understood. This study aimed to outline circulating B-cell signature, the underlying mechanism, and its association with clinical response to AIT in patients with AR.

Methods: IgD/CD27 and CD24/CD38 core gating systems were used to determine frequencies and phenotypes of B cells.

Normal cranial bone marrow MR imaging pattern with age-related ADC value distribution.

Objective: To determine MRI appearances of normal age-related cranial bone marrow and the relationship between MRI patterns and apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) values.

Methods: Five hundred subjects were divided into seven groups based on ages. Cranial bone marrow MRI patterns were performed based on different thickness of the diploe and signal intensity distribution characteristics.