PD-1 Checkpoint Blockade in Patients for Acute Myeloid Leukemia after HSCT Relapse Resulted in Severe GVHD and sHLH.

Treatment with immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICI) such as carrizumab leads to immune-mediated adverse effects including severe acute graft versus host disease (aGVHD) and secondary hemophagocytic syndrome (sHLH). Herein, we present two cases where aGVHD and sHLH developed after ICI administration, which was treated using methylprednisolone (MP). They developed high-grade fever complicated with liver dysfunction and diarrhea 1 day after ICI administration.

Antimicrobial steroidal saponin and oleanane-type triterpenoid saponins from Paullinia pinnata.

Background: Paullinia pinnata L. (Sapindaceae) is an African woody vine, which is widely used in traditional medicine for the treatment of human malaria, erectile dysfunction and bacterial infections. A phytochemical investigation of its methanol leaf and stem extracts led to the isolation of seven compounds which were evaluated for their antimicrobial properties.