Hydroxyl-Amide Alkaloids from Pepper Roots: Potential Sources of Natural Antioxidants and Tyrosinase Inhibitors.

Pepper ( L.) is a widely used spice plant known for its fruits and roots, which serve as flavor enhancers in culinary applications and hold significant economic value. Despite the popularity of pepper fruits, their roots remain relatively understudied, with limited research conducted on their bioactive components.

Dynamic changes in key factors of the blood-brain barrier in early diabetic mice.

Chronic hyperglycemia can result in damage to the hippocampus and dysfunction of the blood-brain barrier (BBB), potentially leading to neurological disorders. This study examined the histological structure of the hippocampus and the expression of critical genes associated with the BBB at 2 early stage time points in a streptozotocin-induced diabetes mellitus (DM) mouse model. Routine histology revealed vascular congestion and dilation of Virchow-Robin spaces in the hippocampal CA1 region of the DM group.

Association between Serum Ferritin Levels and Metabolic-associated Fatty Liver Disease in Adults: a Cross-sectional Study Based on the NHANES.

Objective: Ferritin, initially acting as an iron-storage protein, was found to be associated with metabolic diseases. Our study was designed to investigate the association between serum ferritin and metabolic-associated fatty liver disease (MAFLD) using data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) of the United State of America.

Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted, enrolling a total of 2145 participants from the NHANES in the 2017-2018 cycles.

Two pairs of bioactive cyclohexene alkaloid enantiomers from the roots of .

Two pairs of cyclohexene amide alkaloid enantiomers were obtained from the root of . Their plane structures were established by NMR and HRESIMS spectra. The absolute configurations of and were determined by the comparison between the experimental and calculated electronic circular dichroism (ECD) spectra.

Improvement of Prediction Performance for Radiation Pneumonitis by Using 3-Dimensional Dosiomic Features.

Introduction: Patients with early non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) have a relatively long survival time after stereotactic body radiation therapy (SBRT). Predicting radiation-induced pneumonia (RP) has important clinical and social implications for improving the quality of life of such patients. This study developed an RP prediction model by using 3-dimensional (3D) dosiomic features.

Molecular properties, structure and chiral resolution of secondary metabolites from the leaves of .

A chemical investigation of leaves of afforded eleven compounds, including one undescribed lignan (), a pair of known phenylpropanoid enantiomers (/), and eight known lignans (-). Their structures were elucidated by detailed spectroscopic and comparative literature data analysis. The absolute configurations of compounds was determined by comparing the experimental ECD data with the calculated values.

Expanded Application of : Guided Isolation of Alkaloids with Inhibitory Activities of AChE/BuChE and Aβ Aggregation.

is a popular crop that can be used as seasoning or as an additive but its active ingredients also have an effect on the nervous system. Nineteen new amide alkaloids (/, -, /, , /, , /, -, -) were isolated from , guided by inhibitory activity of AChE and LC-MS/MS based on GNPS. The configurations were determined by extensive spectral analysis, Bulkiness rule, and NMR calculations.

Novel Bisamide Alkaloids Enantiomers from Pepper Roots () with Acetylcholinesterase Inhibitory and Anti-Neuroinflammatory Effects.

The roots of , a seasoning for cooking various types of broths, are renowned for their high nutritional content and potential medicinal benefits. In this study, nine pairs of novel cyclohexene-type bisamide alkaloids (//) were isolated from the pepper roots using molecular network analysis strategies. Their structures were determined by extensive spectroscopic data, electronic circular dichroism (ECD) calculations, and X-ray diffraction analyses.

Role of EtMIC4 EGF-like in regulating the apoptosis of Eimeria tenella host cells via the EGFR pathway.

This study aimed to explore the role and key point of EtMIC4 EGF-like recombinant protein in regulating the apoptosis of Eimeria tenella host cells via the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) pathway. The cells were treated with EtMIC4 EGF-like protein, EGFR-specific siRNA, or both. Infection and apoptosis rates as well as dynamic changes in the key genes and proteins of the EGFR signaling pathway in the host cells were determined.

[46,XY DSD induced by a novel mutation c.458T>C (p.Leu153Pro) of the LHCGR gene: A case report and review of the literature].

Objective: To investigate the clinical characteristics and pathogenic basis of a case of 46, XY disorders of sex development (DSD) and analyze the relationship of the missense mutation with the phenotype of the LHCGR gene.

Methods: We analyzed the causative gene mutation by next-generation high-throughput sequencing (HTS) and confirmed it by Sanger sequencing. We detected the effect of the mutation on the splicing function by minigene assay, evaluated its pathogenicity using the ANNOVAR mutation annotation software, and analyzed the relationship of the missense mutation and the phenotype of the LHCGR gene via literature review and data mining.

A novel CRT-IMRT-combined (Co-CRIM) planning technique for peripheral lung stereotactic body radiotherapy in pinnacle treatment planning system.

Objectives: This study attempts to explore a novel peripheral lung stereotactic body radiotherapy (SBRT) planning technique that can balance the pros and cons of three-dimensional conformal radiotherapy (CRT) and intensity-modulated radiation therapy (IMRT) / volumetric modulated arc therapy (VMAT).

Methods: Treatment plans were retrospectively designed based on CRT, IMRT, VMAT, and the proposed CRT-IMRT-combined (Co-CRIM) techniques using Pinnacle treatment planning system (TPS) for 20 peripheral lung cancer patients. Co-CRIM used an inverse optimization algorithm available in Pinnacle TPS.

A novel lung-avoidance planning strategy based on 4DCT ventilation imaging and CT density characteristics for stage III non-small-cell lung cancer patients.

Background: Functional planning based merely on 4DCT ventilation imaging has limitations. In this study, we proposed a radiotherapy planning strategy based on 4DCT ventilation imaging and CT density characteristics.

Materials And Methods: For 20 stage III non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients, clinical plans and lung-avoidance plans were generated.

Brain Metastases Status and Immunotherapy Efficacy in Advanced Lung Cancer: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

Background: Brain metastases (BMs) indicate poor outcomes and are commonly excluded in immunotherapy clinical trials in advanced lung cancer; moreover, the effect of BM status on immunotherapy efficacy is inconsistent and inconclusive. Therefore, we conducted a meta-analysis to assess the influence of BM status on immunotherapy efficacy in advanced lung cancer.

Methods: Electronic databases and all major conference proceedings were searched without language restrictions according to the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-analyses guidelines.

Evaluation of IGRT-Induced Imaging Doses and Secondary Cancer Risk for SBRT Early Lung Cancer Patients In Silico Study.

Objectives: This study performed dosimetry studies and secondary cancer risk assessments on using electronic portal imaging device (EPID) and cone beam computed tomography (CBCT) as image guided tools for the early lung cancer patients treated with SBRT.

Methods: The imaging doses from MV-EPID and kV-CBCT of the Edge accelerator were retrospectively added to sixty-one SBRT treatment plans of early lung cancer patients. The MV-EPID imaging dose (6MV Photon beam) was calculated in Pinnacle TPS, and the kV-CBCT imaging dose was simulated and calculated by modeling of the kV energy beam in TPS using Pinnacle automatic modeling program.

Venous thromboembolism in patients with severe lung cancer: a narrative review.

Objective: At present, there are several guidelines for cancer complicated with VTE, but there is no specific recommendation for the treatment of lung cancer complicated with VTE. Whether is necessary to explore treatment and prevention of VTE in lung cancer.

Background: Venous thromboembolism (VTE) is a common complication of severe lung cancer that can entail many adverse effects for patients.

Individualized Fraction Regimen of SBRT Patients With Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer Based on Uncomplicated and Cancer-Free Control Probability.

Introduction: Stereotactic body radiotherapy (SBRT) currently adopts non-discriminative prescription regimen. This study attempts to investigate an individualized fraction regimen (IFR) method for SBRT patients with non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) based on Uncomplicated and Cancer-free Control Probability (UCFCP).

Methods: Twenty patients with NSCLC were retrospectively prescribed with 40 regimens, ranging from 8Gy×5f to 12Gy×5f in step of 0.

Association of menopausal status with COVID-19 outcomes: a propensity score matching analysis.

Background: Despite the growing number of studies on the coronavirus disease-19 (COVID-19), little is known about the association of menopausal status with COVID-19 outcomes.

Materials And Methods: In this retrospective study, we included 336 COVID-19 inpatients between February 15, 2020 and April 30, 2020 at the Taikang Tongji Hospital (Wuhan), China. Electronic medical records including patient demographics, laboratory results, and chest computed tomography (CT) images were reviewed.

Roles of TNF receptor-associated and Fas-associated death domain proteins in the apoptosis of Eimeria tenella host cells.

The present study aimed to investigate the effects of death receptor adapter proteins, namely, TNF receptor-associated death domain (TRADD) and Fas-associated death domain (FADD) proteins, on Eimeria tenella-induced host cell apoptosis. Gene silencing, culture technique for primary chick embryo cecal epithelial cells, enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, Hoechst-Annexin V/PI apoptosis staining, fluorescence quantitative PCR, and flow cytometry were used to detect the E. tenella host cell apoptotic rate, RIP1 and FADD protein expression levels, and caspase-8 activity of the TRADD siRNA-treated and FADD siRNA-treated groups.

Vibration pattern recognition using a compressed histogram of oriented gradients for snoring source analysis.

Background: Snoring source analysis is essential for an appropriate surgical decision for both simple snorers and obstructive sleep apnea/hypopnea syndrome (OSAHS) patients.

Objective: As snoring sounds carry significant information about tissue vibrations within the upper airway, a new feature entitled compressed histogram of oriented gradients (CHOG) is proposed to recognize vibration patterns of the snoring source acoustically by compressing histogram of oriented gradients (HOG) descriptors via the multilinear principal component analysis (MPCA) algorithm.

Methods: Each vibration pattern corresponds to a sole or combinatorial vibration among the four upper airway soft tissues of soft palate, lateral pharyngeal wall, tongue base, and epiglottis.

Alkaloid Enantiomers from Isatis tinctoria with Neuroprotective Effects against H2O2-Induced SH-SY5Y Cell Injury.

Six pairs of alkaloid enantiomers including 11 new alkaloids (1A: /1B: -5A: /5B, 6A: ) were isolated from the leaves of . Their structures were established by extensive spectroscopic analyses. Enantiomers were separated successfully by chiral chromatographic column and the absolute configurations of all isolates were determined by comparison of experimental and calculated electronic circular dichroism spectra.