Age and composite end-point events in medium follow-up of patients with carotid artery total occlusion using drug therapy.

Background And Aims: The outcome of carotid artery total occlusion (CATO) is unclear. The aim of this study is to report the medium incidence of composite end-point events and risk factors (especially age), in patients with CATO, treated medically.

Methods: This was a single center retrospective study.

Effects of norepinephrine during intra-abdominal hypertension on renal blood flow in bacteremic dogs.

Objective: Intraabdominal hypertension reduces organ blood flow. Restoring abdominal perfusion pressure (APP) may restore renal blood flow, especially when sepsis is present. The effects of intra-abdominal pressure (IAP), followed by restoration of APP with norepinephrine, on renal blood flow were determined.

Glutamine-mediated attenuation of cellular metabolic dysfunction and cell death after injury is dependent on heat shock factor-1 expression.

Background: Cellular metabolic dysfunction is associated with occurrence of multiple-organ failure after critical illness. Glutamine (GLN) attenuates cellular metabolic dysfunction in critical illness models. The mechanism of this protection is unclear.

The effect of peripheral resistance on impedance cardiography measurements in the anesthetized dog.

In the vasodilated and septic patient, the impedance method of measuring cardiac output (CO) may underestimate the true value. In this study, we sought to determine whether impedance CO (COIC) measurements are influenced by total peripheral resistance (TPR). In eight anesthetized and ventilated dogs, a high-precision flowprobe was placed on the ascending aorta, and direct CO was measured (CO flowprobe (COFP)).

Testing the reliability of a new ultrasonic cardiac output monitor, the USCOM, by using aortic flowprobes in anesthetized dogs.

We have used an animal model to test the reliability of a new portable continuous-wave Doppler ultrasonic cardiac output monitor, the USCOM. In six anesthetized dogs, cardiac output was measured with a high-precision transit time ultrasonic flowprobe placed on the ascending aorta. The dogs' cardiac output was increased with a dopamine infusion (0-15 microg x kg(-1) x min(-1)).