Gender Differences in the Authorship of Gastroenterology Clinical Practice Guidelines.

Background And Aim: Women are underrepresented in gastroenterology (GI), and few studies have evaluated gender differences in the authorship of GI clinical practice guidelines. This study aimed to assess gender disparities in the authorship of GI guidelines and their cited articles over time.

Methods: We reviewed luminal GI guidelines from three major GI societies to compare authorship of current guidelines (defined as published from 2019 to 2022) to their retired guidelines (defined as the previous guideline replaced by the current guideline).

Current status of recombinant duck enteritis virus vector vaccine research.

Duck enteritis virus (DEV), the pathogen of duck viral enteritis, belongs to the -herpesvirus subfamily. Like other herpesviruses, it has a large genome with multiple non-coding and non-essential regions for viral replication. It is suitable as a live virus vector for inserting and expressing antigenic genes from other pathogens to develop multivalent vaccines.

Antibiotic resistance and molecular typing of duck-derived Escherichia coli isolates.

Avian pathogenic Escherichia coli (APEC) causes severe economic losses in duck farms through complex, frequent infections and secondary infections. In this study, 73 suspected E. coli strains were isolated from diseased ducks of three provinces in China during 2019-2020, and identified using polymerase chain reaction.

Seneca Valley virus induces mitochondrial apoptosis by activating ER stress or the PERK pathway based on Ca transfer from ER to mitochondria.

Unlabelled: Seneca Valley virus (SVV), also known as Senecavirus A, a porcine pathogen that causes vesicular diseases, is prevalent in pig herds worldwide. SVV infection induces endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress in PK-15 and BHK-21 cells, accompanied by activation of the protein kinase R (PKR)-like endoplasmic reticulum kinase (PERK) and activating transcription factor 6 (ATF6) pathways, which in turn facilitates SVV replication. ER stress is associated with the regulation of Ca homeostasis and mitochondrial apoptosis.

Antimicrobial resistance pattern of the Bacteroides fragilis group strains isolated at a teaching hospital in China.

The study was conducted in the microbiology laboratory of the First Affiliated Hospital of Hainan Medical University, Haikou, China, from January 2019 to December 2023. A total of 316 consecutive non-duplicate isolates were collected and identified, that belonged to the Bacteroides fragilis group. Identification of the isolated strains was performed by matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization-time of flight mass spectrometry (MALDI-TOF MS).

On-demand celastrol delivery by hyaluronic acid-porphyrinic metal-organic frameworks for synergistic sonodynamic/pharmacological antibacterial therapy.

Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) is one of the most prevalent bacterial pathogens. The multi-drug resistance and strong biofilm-forming ability make the treatment of MRSA infections challenging. It is urgent to develop antibiotic-free, noninvasive and effective strategies against MRSA infections.

HA198 mutations in H9N2 avian influenza: molecular dynamics insights into receptor binding.

Introduction: The H9N2 avian influenza virus is widely disseminated in poultry and poses a zoonotic threat, despite vaccination efforts. Mutations at residue 198 of hemagglutinin (HA) are critical for antigenic variation and receptor-binding specificity, but the underlying molecular mechanisms remain unclear. This study explores the molecular mechanisms by which mutations at the HA 198 site affect the antigenicity, receptor specificity, and binding affinity of the H9N2 virus.

Predictive value of the nutritional risk index for postoperative complications in individuals with pancreatic cancer undergoing pancreaticoduodenectomy.

Purpose: To explore the predictive value of the geriatric nutritional risk index (GNRI) for postoperative complications and their severity in older adults with pancreatic cancer undergoing pancreaticoduodenectomy (PD).

Methods: This study conducted a retrospective analysis of 109 older adults with pancreatic cancer undergoing PD at the Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Quzhou Medical University, between May 2019 and May 2022. Statistical analysis of clinical data was performed to assess the predictive value of the GNRI for postoperative complications and their severity in older adults with pancreatic cancer undergoing PD.

Elevated systemic immune-inflammatory index predicts poor coronary collateralization in type 2 diabetic patients with chronic total occlusion.

Objective: This study compared the value of different systemic immune-inflammatory markers for evaluating coronary collateralization (CC) in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and chronic total occlusion (CTO).

Methods: Systemic immune-inflammation index (SII), systemic inflammation response index (SIRI) and pan-immune-inflammation value (PIV) were calculated at admission in 1409 T2DM patients with CTO. The degree of coronary collaterals was estimated using the Rentrop scoring system and categorized into poor (Rentrop score 0 or 1) or good (Rentrop score 2 or 3) CC.

A Universal Multi-Epitope Vaccine Design Against Porcine Reproductive and Respiratory Syndrome Virus via Bioinformatics and Immunoinformatics Approaches.

Porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (PRRSV) causes reproductive disorders in sows and severe pneumonia in piglets, alongside immunosuppressive effects on the host. It poses a significant global threat to the swine industry, with no effective control measures currently available due to its complex pathogenesis and high variability. Conventional inactivated and attenuated vaccines provide inadequate protection and carry biosafety risks.

Point-of-care testing diagnosis of African swine fever virus by targeting multiple genes with enzymatic recombinase amplification and CRISPR/Cas12a System.

African swine fever virus (ASFV) infection is causing devastating outbreaks globally; pig farming has suffered severe economic losses due to the ASFV. Currently, strict biosecurity control measures can mitigate the incidence of ASF. Rapid, cost-effective, and sensitive detection of ASFV can significantly reduce disease transmission and mortality.

Heat shock protein 70 enhances viral replication by stabilizing Senecavirus A nonstructural proteins L and 3D.

Senecavirus A (SVA) is an emerging pathogen that causes idiopathic vesicular infections in pig herds, posing a potential threat to their production performance. Heat shock protein 70 (Hsp70) is a molecular chaperone that plays an important role in host homeostasis under both physiological and stress conditions. However, the effects of Hsp70 on SVA infection and its underlying regulatory mechanisms remain unclear.

Neutralizing VHH Antibodies Targeting the Spike Protein of PEDV.

Porcine epidemic diarrhea virus (PEDV) is a highly contagious coronavirus that infect pigs' intestinal epithelial cells, causing high morbidity and mortality. Due to the rapid mutation of PEDV, vaccine efficacy is uncertain, prompting exploration of alternative treatments. Nanobodies, also known as variable heavy chain domains of heavy chain-only antibodies (VHHs), offer significant potential in biomedical applications due to their small size and high specificity.

Microscopic and neuroendoscopic treatment of a large ruptured supratentorial dermoid cyst with extensive dissemination: a case report and literature review.

Introduction And Importance: Intracranial dermoid cysts are rare, constituting 0.04% to 0.6% of all intracranial tumors.

Mixed-Ligand Engineering to Enhance Luminescence of Mn-Based Metal Halides for Wide Color Gamut Display.

Lead-free Mn-based metal halide materials are now being considered as clean candidates for backlight displays and lights due to the d-d transition, diverse components, and environmental friendliness. Therefore, efficient and stable Mn-based metal halide phosphors are in great demand for practical applications. In this work, adopting the mixed-ligand strategy, a series of [(CH)N][(CH)N]MnCl phosphors were synthesized by mechanochemical process.

Clinical Efficacy of Transcatheter Arterial Chemoembolization Combined With Percutaneous Microwave Coagulation Therapy for Advanced Hepatocellular Carcinoma.

Background: The aim of the study was to explore the clinical efficacy of transcatheter arterial chemoembolization (TACE) combined with percutaneous microwave coagulation therapy (PMCT) for advanced hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC).

Methods: Eighty-three advanced HCC patients were divided into the experimental group (TACE + PMCT, 57 cases) and the control group (TACE alone, 26 cases). They received TACE treatment first, and computed tomography (CT) or hepatic artery angiography was performed 3 - 4 weeks after each treatment.

Improving the Oxidation Resistance of Phenolic Resin Pyrolytic Carbons by In Situ Catalytic Formation of Carbon Nanofibers via Copper Nitrate.

Phenolic resin pyrolytic carbons were obtained by catalytic pyrolysis of phenolic resin at 500 °C, 600 °C, 700 °C, and 800 °C for 3 h in an argon atmosphere using copper nitrate as a catalyst precursor. The effects of copper salts on the pyrolysis process of phenolic resin as well as the structural evolution and oxidation resistance of phenolic resin pyrolytic carbons were studied. The results showed that copper oxide (CuO) generated from the thermal decomposition of copper nitrate was reduced to copper (Cu) by the gas generated from the thermal decomposition of the phenolic resin.

Boosting PRRSV-Specific Cellular Immunity: The Immunological Profiling of an Fc-Fused Multi-CTL Epitope Vaccine in Mice.

The continuously evolving PRRSV has been plaguing pig farms worldwide for over 30 years, with conventional vaccines suffering from insufficient protection and biosecurity risks. To address these challenges, we identified 10 PRRSV-specific CTL epitopes through enzyme-linked immunospot assay (ELISPOT) and constructed a multi-epitope peptide (PTE) by linking them in tandem. This PTE was then fused with a modified porcine Fc molecule to create the recombinant protein pFc-PTE.

A Novel Method for Preparing Lightweight and High-Strength Ceramisite Coarse Aggregates from Solid Waste Materials.

A novel method is introduced in this study for producing ceramisite coarse aggregates that are both lightweight and possess high strength. The process involves utilizing fly ash as the primary material, along with coal ash floating beads (CAFBs) that have high softening temperature and a spherical hollow structure serving as the template for forming pores. This study examined the impact of varying particle size and quantity of floating beads on the composition and characteristics of ceramisite aggregates.

Effects of intra-operative magnesium sulfate infusion on orthognathic surgery: A prospective and randomized controlled trial.

Purpose: To comprehensively understand the effects of intra-operative infusion of magnesium sulfate on patients who underwent orthognathic surgery, including remifentanil consumption, postoperative pain, postoperative nausea and vomiting (PONV), inflammatory response, and serum magnesium levels.

Methods: Seventy-five adult patients undergoing orthognathic surgery under general balanced anesthesia were randomly divided into two groups. One group (Group M) received 50 mg/kg of magnesium sulfate in 20 mL 0.

Seneca valley virus 3C protease blocks EphA2-Mediated mTOR activation to facilitate viral replication.

The Seneca Valley virus (SVV) is a recently discovered porcine pathogen that causes vesicular diseases and poses a significant threat to the pig industry worldwide. Erythropoietin-producing hepatoma receptor A2 (EphA2) is involved in the activation of the AKT/mTOR signaling pathway, which is involved in autophagy. However, the regulatory relationship between SVV and EphA2 remains unclear.