Clinical Characteristics and Prognosis of Neurological Disorders During Pregnancy.

Objective: To investigate the common clinical characteristics of neurological disorders during pregnancy, their impact on both the mother and the infant, and the factors influencing prognosis.

Methods: Medical data of 49 pregnant women with concurrent neurological disorders during pregnancy and up to six weeks postpartum was collected and analyzed in the retrospective study. The cases were grouped based on three criteria: etiology related to pregnancy-related diseases, receiving surgical treatment or not, and onset to diagnosis (O-D) duration.

Synthesis of trans-Fused 3,6-Anhydro Hexofuranose Frameworks via Catalytic Hydrogenolysis Triggered Debenzylative Intramolecular Acetalation.

Presented herein is the chemical construction of unprecedented 3,4-trans-3,6-anhydro hexofuranose frameworks. The disfavored 3,6-anhydro hexofuranosides were effectively established by Pd-catalyzed debenzylative intramolecular acetalation for the first time. The critical roles of benzyl protection and Pd as catalyst were demonstrated.

Disturbed shear stress promotes atherosclerosis through TRIM21-regulated MAPK6 degradation and consequent endothelial inflammation.

Rationale: Coronary artery plaques often develop in regions subjected to disturbed shear stress (DSS), yet the mechanisms underlying this phenomenon remain poorly understood. Our study aimed to elucidate the unknown role of MAPK6 in shear stress and plaque formation.

Methods: In vitro and in vivo experiments, RNA-seq, CO-IP and proteomic analysis, combined with single-cell RNA-seq datasets were used to reveal the upstream and downstream mechanisms involved.

mA Modification of Profilin-1 in Vascular Smooth Muscle Cells Drives Phenotype Switching and Neointimal Hyperplasia via Activation of the p-ANXA2/STAT3 Pathway.

Background: In-stent restenosis is characterized by a significant reduction in lumen diameter within the stented segment, primarily attributed to excessive proliferation of vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs) and neointimal hyperplasia. PFN1 (profilin-1), an actin-sequestering protein extensively studied in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, remains less explored in neointimal hyperplasia.

Methods: Utilizing single-cell RNA sequencing alongside data from in-stent restenosis patients and various experimental in-stent restenosis models (swine, rats, and mice), we investigated the role of PFN1 in promoting VSMC phenotype switching and neointimal hyperplasia.

Intravascular Ultrasound vs Angiography-Guided Drug-Coated Balloon Angioplasty: The ULTIMATE Ⅲ Trial.

Background: Drug-coated balloon (DCB) angioplasty seems a safe and effective option for specific de novo coronary lesions. However, the beneficial effect of intravascular ultrasound (IVUS)-guided DCB angioplasty in de novo lesions remains uncertain.

Objectives: This study aimed to assess the benefits of IVUS guidance over angiography guidance during DCB angioplasty in de novo coronary lesions.

A Novel Electrochemical Sensor Modified with a Computer-Simulative Magnetic Ion-Imprinted Membrane for Identification of Uranyl Ion.

In this paper, a novel ion-imprinted electrochemical sensor modified with magnetic nanomaterial FeO@SiO was established for the high sensitivity and selectivity determination of UO in the environment. Density functional theory (DFT) was employed to investigate the interaction between templates and binding ligands to screen out suitable functional binding ligand for the reasonable design of the ion imprinted sensors. The MIIP/MCPE (magnetic ion imprinted membrane/magnetic carbon paste electrode) modified with FeO@SiO exhibited a strong response current and high sensitivity toward uranyl ion comparison with the bare carbon paste electrodes.

Single-Cell RNA Sequencing of the Rat Carotid Arteries Uncovers Potential Cellular Targets of Neointimal Hyperplasia.

In-stent restenosis (ISR) remains an Achilles heel of drug-eluting stents despite technical advances in devices and procedural techniques. Neointimal hyperplasia (NIH) is the most important pathophysiological process of ISR. The present study mapped normal arteries and stenotic arteries to uncover potential cellular targets of neointimal hyperplasia.

A review on traditional uses, phytochemistry, pharmacology, toxicology and the analytical methods of the genus Nardostachys.

Ethnopharmacological Relevance: The plants of the genus Nardostachys (Caprifoliaceae) have been used for a long history in different cultural systems of medicine, including Chinese, Ayurvedic, Korean folk medicine and Islamic, for treatments of disorders in nervous, digestive, cardiovascular and integumentary systems.

Aim Of The Review: This review aims to provide comprehensive information on Nardostachys plants including botany update, traditional uses, data mining of uses in traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) and current Chinese medicinal patents, chemical constituents, pharmacological effects, toxicity and analytical method studies.

Materials And Methods: Studies of the genus Nardostachys were collected via Google Scholar and Baidu Scholar, ScienceDirect, SciFinder, Wiley Online Library, ACS Publications, NLM/NCBI, Web of Science, CNKI, WANFANG DATA, EMBASE, Huabeing database and Traditional Chinese Medicine Resource Network and libraries.

Plasma Small Extracellular Vesicle-Carried miRNA-501-5p Promotes Vascular Smooth Muscle Cell Phenotypic Modulation-Mediated In-Stent Restenosis.

Vascular smooth muscle cell (VSMC) phenotypic modulation plays an important role in the occurrence and development of in-stent restenosis (ISR), the underlying mechanism of which remains a key issue needing to be urgently addressed. This study is designed to investigate the role of plasma small extracellular vesicles (sEV) in VSMC phenotypic modulation. sEV were isolated from the plasma of patients with ISR (ISR-sEV) or not (Ctl-sEV) 1 year after coronary stent implantation using differential ultracentrifugation.

Primary Cilia and Atherosclerosis.

In artery tree, endothelial function correlates with the distribution of shear stress, a dragging force generated by flowing blood. In laminar shear stress areas, endothelial cells (ECs) are available to prevent atherosclerosis, however, ECs in disturbed shear stress sites are featured with proinflammation and atherogenesis. Basic studies in the shear stress field that focused on the mechanosensors of ECs have attracted the interest of researchers.

Antidepressant activities and regulative effects on serotonin transporter of Nardostachys jatamansi DC.

Ethnopharmacological Relevance: Nardostachys jatamansi (D.Don) DC. (family Caprifoliaceae, NJ) is well-documented and commonly used in the systems of traditional medicine in China, Tibet, Nepal, Bhutan, India and Japan for curing digestive and neuropsychiatric disorders with a long history of medication.

Intravascular Ultrasound-guided Versus Angiography-guided Percutaneous Coronary Intervention: Evidence from Observational Studies and Randomized Controlled Trials.

Coronary angiography has been considered the gold standard for the diagnosis of coronary artery disease and guidance of percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI). However, 2D-projection angiography cannot completely reflect the 3D coronary lumen. Intravascular ultrasound (IVUS) can overcome a number of limitations of coronary angiography by providing more information about the dimensions of the vessel lumen, plaque characteristics, stent deployment, and the mechanisms of device failure.

Knockout of AKAP150 improves impaired BK channel-mediated vascular dysfunction through the Akt/GSK3β signalling pathway in diabetes mellitus.

Vascular dysfunction resulting from diabetes is an important factor in arteriosclerosis. Previous studies have shown that during hyperglycaemia and diabetes, AKAP150 promotes vascular tone enhancement by intensifying the remodelling of the BK channel. However, the interaction between AKAP150 and the BK channel remains open to discussion.

Exosomes in Coronary Artery Disease.

Exosomes, the nanosized vesicles released from various cell types, contain many bioactive molecules, such as proteins, lipids, and nucleic acids, which can participate in intercellular communication in a paracrine manner or an endocrine manner, in order to maintain the homeostasis and respond to stress adaptively. Currently, exosomes have already been utilized as diagnostic biomarkers and therapeutic tools in cancer clinical trials. There has also been great progress in cell and animal exosomes studies of coronary artery disease (CAD).

Bioactivities of serotonin transporter mediate antidepressant effects of Acorus tatarinowii Schott.

Ethnopharmacological Relevance: Acrorus tatarinowii Schott has been widely used in the treatments of neuropsychiatric and digestive disorders in clinical practices of traditional Chinese medicine for thousands of years. Both clinical and preclinical studies demonstrated antidepressant effects of A. tatarinowii.

ALDH2 rs671 polymorphism and the risk of heart failure with preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF) in patients with cardiovascular diseases.

Aldehyde dehydrogenase 2 (ALDH2) rs671 polymorphism is an established genetic risk of hypertension, diabetes, and coronary heart diseases in Asian population. Previous experimental data showed ALDH2 regulated inflammation, a potential mechanism of heart failure with preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF). However, clinically, the association between ALDH2 polymorphism and incidence of HFpEF remains unknown.

Intravascular ultrasound guidance reduces cardiac death and coronary revascularization in patients undergoing drug-eluting stent implantation: results from a meta-analysis of 9 randomized trials and 4724 patients.

Intravascular ultrasound (IVUS) guidance is not routinely performed in real-word clinical practice partly because the benefit of IVUS guidance is not well established. This updated meta-analysis aims to compare IVUS-guided and angiography-guided drug-eluting stent (DES) implantation, simultaneously stressing the value of an optimal IVUS-defined procedure. Medline, Scopus, Google Scholar, and Cochrane Controlled Trials Registry were searched for the randomized trials comparing IVUS-guided and angiography-guided DES implantation.

Relationship between high platelet reactivity on clopidogrel and long-term clinical outcomes after drug-eluting stents implantation (PAINT-DES): a prospective, propensity score-matched cohort study.

Background: The relationship between platelet reactivity and long-term clinical outcomes remains controversial. The present prospective study was designed to explore the association between high platelet reactivity (HPR) on clopidogrel and long-term clinical outcomes following implantation of drug eluting stents (DES).

Methods: A total of 1769 consecutive patients assessed by Aggrestar (PL-11) were enrolled at our center from February 2011 to December 2017.

Targeted drugs for pulmonary arterial hypertension: a network meta-analysis of 32 randomized clinical trials.

Background: Pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) is a devastating disease and ultimately leads to right heart failure and premature death. A total of four classical targeted drugs, prostanoids, endothelin receptor antagonists (ERAs), phosphodiesterase 5 inhibitors (PDE-5Is), and soluble guanylate cyclase stimulator (sGCS), have been proved to improve exercise capacity and hemodynamics compared to placebo; however, direct head-to-head comparisons of these drugs are lacking. This network meta-analysis was conducted to comprehensively compare the efficacy of these targeted drugs for PAH.

Improvement of cardiac dysfunction by bilateral surgical renal denervation in animals with diabetes induced by high fructose and high fat diet.

Aims: Insulin resistance (IR) and sympathetic over-activation play a critical role in diabetic cardiomyopathy (DCM). Percutaneous renal sympathetic denervation (RDN) was tested to treat refractory hypertension. However, the benefits of RDN for DCM and IR still remain unknown.

Pulmonary Artery Denervation Attenuates Pulmonary Arterial Remodeling in Dogs With Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension Induced by Dehydrogenized Monocrotaline.

Objectives: This study aimed to investigate sympathetic nerve (SN) ultrastructural changes and hemodynamic and pulmonary artery (PA) pathological improvements by pulmonary arterial denervation (PADN) in animals with pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH), as well as the underlying mechanisms.

Background: SN overactivity plays a role in PAH. Previous studies have reported short-term improvements in pulmonary arterial pressure (PAP) and cardiac function by PADN, but PA remodeling and the associated mechanisms remain unclear.