A pooled mycoviral resource in a strain of Rhizoctonia solani are regulators of fungal virulence.

Rhizoctonia solani is a widespread and devastating soil-borne plant fungal pathogen that causes diseases, including rice sheath blight, which are difficult to control. Some mycoviruses are potential biocontrol agents for the control of fungal diseases. In order to investigate the factors that influence the virulence of R.

Effects of soil warming on soil microbial extracellular enzyme activities with different depths in a young Chinese fir (Cunninghamia lanceolata)plantation of subtropics.

Extracellular enzyme activitie (EEAs) are a sensitive indicator of microbial function and soil organic matter decomposition in response to climate warming. Up to now, most studies of climate warming and their effects on EEAs have been restricted on the relatively carbon rich topsoil (the upper 20 cm of the soil), whereas little is known about EEAs in subsoil (below 30 cm depth). This study focused on the responses of EEAs to soil warming in a subtropical forest at depths of 0-10 cm, 10-20 cm, 20-40 cm and 40-60 cm.

[Effects of precipitation exclusion and warming on soil soluble carbon and nitrogen in a young Cunninghamia lanceolata plantation].

Soil soluble carbon and nitrogen play important roles in soil carbon and nutrient cycles and are highly sensitive to climate change, as they can be directly used by microorganisms. We used Tension Lysimeter to collect soil solution in 50% precipitation exclusion (P) and warming (5 ℃) plus 50% precipitation exclusion (WP) treatments in a 2 year-old Cunninghamia lanceolata plantation in subtropics, to examine the effects of precipitation and temperature on soil soluble carbon and nitrogen concentrations in soil profile. Results showed that neither P treatment nor WP treatment changed seasonal dynamics of soil dissolved organic carbon (DOC) concentration, with maximum value at October among all treatments.

[Spatial variability of nutrients and heavy metals in paddy field soils based on GIS and Geostatistics.].

Based on a grid (25 m X 25 m) equidistant sampling, the spatial variability of pH, organic matter, total nitrogen, available phosphorus, CEC and three typical heavy metal elements Cd, As and Pb in soil tillage layer (0-20 cm) were analyzed by using GIS and Geostatistics in the paddy field of 3.56 hm in Beishan Town, Changsha County, Hunan Province. The results showed that soil pH value and Pb content showed weak variation, and other indexes showed moderate variation.

The Potential Impact of Radix Paeoniae Alba in Embryonic Development of Mice.

Although Radix Paeoniae Alba (RPA) has been ranked as one of the top 6 herbs used frequently to prevent and treat miscarriages clinically, there is no clear evidence regarding its safety in embryonic development. This study aims to evaluate the potential impacts of RPA on embryonic stem cells (ESCs) and pregnant mice. Cytotoxicity assays of the extract were performed in ESCs and 3T3 cells.

[Spatial-temporal evolvement of ecosystem service value of Dongting Lake area influenced by changes of land use].

With the technology of geographic information system (GIS), the ecosystem service va-lue (ESV) coefficient of different types of land use in Dongting Lake area was estimated in this paper by interpreting the remote-sensing image for years and combining its economic development statistics. Meanwhile, the temporal-spatial evolvement characteristics of the ESV were investigated by employing the methods of spatial statistics analysis such as spatial autocorrelation, highland clustering analysis and hotspot analysis. The results showed that the ESV of Dongting Lake area increased slightly during 2000-2013, from 3868.

The evaluation on embryotoxicity of Dipsaci Radix with mice and embryonic stem cells.

Ethnopharmacological Relevance: Dipsaci Radix (DR), the dried root of Dipsacus asper Wall. ex Henry, has been used to treat pregnant disorders for thousands of years, and currently has been ranked as the first selective herb for prevention of miscarriage clinically; however, there is no sufficient evidence so far to assess its safety. The purpose of this study was to examine the impacts of DR aqueous extracts on embryonic development with mice and embryonic stem cells (ESCs).

Embryotoxicity of Psoralea corylifolia L.: in vivo and in vitro studies.

Background: Psoralea corylifolia L. (PC) was commonly used to treat miscarriages clinically. The aim of this study was to examine its embryotoxicity in mice and embryonic stem cells (ESCs).

Comprehensive chemical analysis of Venenum Bufonis by using liquid chromatography/electrospray ionization tandem mass spectrometry.

A rapid, sensitive and versatile liquid chromatography/electrospray ionization tandem mass spectrometry (LC/ESI-MS/MS) method was developed for the comprehensive analyses of the chemical constituents contained in the Chinese medicine-Venenum Bufonis (VB, Chan' Su in Chinese). LC analysis was carried out on an Agilent Eclipse plus C₁₈ RRHD column (2.1 × 150 mm, 1.

The effects of Boehmeria nivea (L.) Gaud. on embryonic development: in vivo and in vitro studies.

Aim Of The Study: Boehmeria nivea (L.) Gaud. was commonly used to treat miscarriages clinically.

Inhibition of MAPK signaling by eNOS gene transfer improves ventricular remodeling after myocardial infarction through reduction of inflammation.

Endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS) and nitric oxide (NO) may play an important role in attenuating cardiac remodeling and apoptosis after myocardial infarction. However, the anti-inflammation effects of eNOS in infarcted myocardium and the role of MAPK signaling in eNOS/NO mediated cardiac remodeling have not yet been elucidated. Adenovirus carrying Human eNOS gene was delivered locally into heart 4 days prior to induction of myocardial infarction (MI) by left anterior descending coronary artery ligation.