Polyacrylonitrile-supported symmetrical configuration pyridine bridged bi-iron phthalocyanine nanofibers for efficient degradation of carbamazepine in the presence of peroxymonosulfate.

In this study, the 4-aminopyridine (Py) was employed to link with terephthaloyl chloride (TPC) through amide bonding to generate the symmetric ligand Py-TPC, and the iron phthalocyanine (FePc) was axially coordinated with Py-TPC to synthetic the composite catalyst FePc-Py-TPC. By introducing Py-TPC, the π-π conjugated stack structure within phthalocyanine molecules was disrupted and more active sites were exposed. FePc-Py-TPC was dispersed in polyacrylonitrile (PAN) through electrospinning to obtain FePc-Py-TPC/PAN nanofibers, which solved the problem of difficult recycling and utilization of powder catalysts.

DNA-damage orchestrates self-renewal and differentiation via reciprocal p53 family and Hippo/Wnt/TGF-β pathway activation in embryonic stem cells.

The mechanism by which DNA-damage affects self-renewal and pluripotency remains unclear. DNA damage and repair mechanisms have been largely elucidated in mutated cancer cells or simple eukaryotes, making valid interpretations on early development difficult. Here we show the impact of ionizing irradiation on the maintenance and early differentiation of mouse embryonic stem cells (ESCs).

Interplay of chromatin remodeling BAF complexes in mouse embryonic and epiblast stem cell conversion and maintenance.

Mouse embryonic stem cells (ESCs) and epiblast stem cells (EpiSCs) are pluripotent stem cells derived from preimplantation and postimplantation embryos, respectively. These cells are capable of interconversion through manipulation of key transcription factors and signaling pathways. While BRG1/BRM-associated factor (BAF) chromatin remodeling complexes are known to play crucial roles in ESC self-renewal and pluripotency, their roles in EpiSCs and their interconversion with ESCs remain unclear.

PHF6 cooperates with SWI/SNF complexes to facilitate transcriptional progression.

Genes encoding subunits of SWI/SNF (BAF) chromatin remodeling complexes are mutated in nearly 25% of cancers. To gain insight into the mechanisms by which SWI/SNF mutations drive cancer, we contributed ten rhabdoid tumor (RT) cell lines mutant for SWI/SNF subunit SMARCB1 to a genome-scale CRISPR-Cas9 depletion screen performed across 896 cell lines. We identify PHF6 as specifically essential for RT cell survival and demonstrate that dependency on Phf6 extends to Smarcb1-deficient cancers in vivo.

Porous organic semiconductor/PET composite fibre for the synergistic removal of hexavalent chromium and organic pollutants under sunlight.

In this study, the porous graphite phase carbon nitride photocatalyst (P-g-CN) is prepared by the CaCO template method, and then P-g-CN/T-polyethylene terephthalate (T-PET) catalytic fibre is prepared by the padding method. P-g-CN can provide more active sites than g-CN as proved by the Brunauer-Emmett-Teller and the UV-Visible diffuse reflectance test. P-g-CN powder catalyst successfully supports PET fibre as proved by scanning electron microscope, Fourier infrared spectroscopy and X-ray diffraction spectroscopy.

Efficient elimination of carbamazepine using polyacrylonitrile-supported pyridine bridged iron phthalocyanine nanofibers by activating peroxymonosulfate in dark condition.

The monoaminotrinitro iron phthalocyanine (FeMATNPc) is used to connect with isonicotinic acid (INA) for amide bonding and axial coordination to synthetic a unique catalyst FeMATNPc-INA, which is loaded in polyacrylonitrile (PAN) nanofibers by electrospinning. The introduction of INA destroys the π-π conjugated stack structure in phthalocyanine molecules and exposes more active sites. The FeMATNPc-INA structure is characterized by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy and UV-visible absorption spectrum, and the FeMATNPc-INA/PAN structure is characterized by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy and X-ray diffraction.

Pyridine-bridged cobalt tetra-aminophthalocyanine to active peroxymonosulphate for efficient degrading carbamazepine.

In this study, each cobalt tetra-aminophthalocyanine (CoTAPc) molecule was immobilised with four isonicotinic acid (INA) molecules by amide bonding, a novel and highly efficient catalyst pyridine-bridged cobalt tetra-aminophthalocyanine (CoTAPc-TINA) was synthesised. The introduction of INA molecules promoted CoTAPc to expose more active sites, and increased the electron cloud density of cobalt ions promoting O-O bond homolysis of PMS to generate more active species, which significantly enhanced catalytic activity. With the pharmaceutical of carbamazepine (CBZ) as model pollutant, 0.

Mitotic bookmarking by SWI/SNF subunits.

For cells to initiate and sustain a differentiated state, it is necessary that a 'memory' of this state is transmitted through mitosis to the daughter cells. Mammalian switch/sucrose non-fermentable (SWI/SNF) complexes (also known as Brg1/Brg-associated factors, or BAF) control cell identity by modulating chromatin architecture to regulate gene expression, but whether they participate in cell fate memory is unclear. Here we provide evidence that subunits of SWI/SNF act as mitotic bookmarks to safeguard cell identity during cell division.

cBAF complex components and MYC cooperate early in CD8 T cell fate.

The identification of mechanisms to promote memory T (T) cells has important implications for vaccination and anti-cancer immunotherapy. Using a CRISPR-based screen for negative regulators of T cell generation in vivo, here we identify multiple components of the mammalian canonical BRG1/BRM-associated factor (cBAF). Several components of the cBAF complex are essential for the differentiation of activated CD8 T cells into T effector (T) cells, and their loss promotes T cell formation in vivo.

Iron (II) phthalocyanine loaded tourmaline efficiently activates PMS to degrade pharmaceutical contaminants under solar light.

Iron (II) phthalocyanine (FePc) is loaded on the surface of the tourmaline (TM) by the reflow method to obtain FePc/TM. This research effectively prevents the π-π stacking of FePc, increased the effective utilization rate of PMS activation under solar light, and further improved the catalytic performance of the catalytic system. The catalytic oxidation efficiency of FePc/TM on carbamazepine (CBZ) and sulfadiazine (SD) can reach 99% under solar light for 15 and 5 min, the total organic carbon (TOC) removal rate can reach 58% and 69% under solar light for 120 min.

Atomic-Scale Tailoring and Molecular-Level Tracking of Oxygen-Containing Tungsten Single-Atom Catalysts with Enhanced Singlet Oxygen Generation.

The local coordination structure of metal atoms in single-atom catalysts (SACs) greatly influences their catalytic performance. And for most SACs, single metal atoms were anchored on carbon materials with N or C coordination. However, the rational design of oxygen-containing SACs and analyzing its structure-performance relationship remain challenging.

Solar-driven zinc-doped graphitic carbon nitride photocatalytic fibre for simultaneous removal of hexavalent chromium and pharmaceuticals.

The current environmental problems urgently require researchers to seek an environmentally friendly, effective and easy to operate sewage treatment method. Graphite carbon nitride (g-CN), which has the advantages of simple preparation, safety, non-toxicity and chemical resistance, was expected to become a photocatalyst for solving environmental pollution. However, the performances of g-CN still have some limitations that the electron hole recombination is fast and the powder is not easy to recover.

High-valent iron-oxo species on pyridine-containing MWCNTs generated in a solar-induced HO activation system for the removal of antimicrobials.

The overuse of antimicrobials has resulted in serious damage to the ecosystem and human health. Therefore, the development of an efficient, stable, and reusable catalyst to eliminate antimicrobials under mild conditions is highly desired. Drawing inspiration from the metabolism of drugs by the enzymes in the human body, such as heme catalase, we developed a simulated enzyme catalyst, perchloride iron phthalocyanine (FePcCl), immobilized on pyridine-modified multiwalled carbon nanotubes (FePcCl-Py-MWCNTs).

CDK11 safeguards the identity of human embryonic stem cells via fine-tuning signaling pathways.

Signaling pathways transmit extracellular cues into cells and regulate transcriptome and epigenome to maintain or change the cell identity. Protein kinases and phosphatases are critical for signaling transduction and regulation. Here, we report that CDK11, a member of the CDK family, is required for the maintenance of human embryonic stem cell (hESC) self-renewal.

The BAF and PRC2 Complex Subunits Dpf2 and Eed Antagonistically Converge on Tbx3 to Control ESC Differentiation.

BAF complexes are composed of different subunits with varying functional and developmental roles, although many subunits have not been examined in depth. Here we show that the Baf45 subunit Dpf2 maintains pluripotency and ESC differentiation potential. Dpf2 co-occupies enhancers with Oct4, Sox2, p300, and the BAF subunit Brg1, and deleting Dpf2 perturbs ESC self-renewal, induces repression of Tbx3, and impairs mesendodermal differentiation without dramatically altering Brg1 localization.

User-Friendly Genetic Conditional Knockout Strategies by CRISPR/Cas9.

Loss-of-function studies are critically important in gene functional analysis of model organisms and cells. However, conditional gene inactivation in diploid cells is difficult to achieve, as it involves laborious vector construction, multifold electroporation, and complicated genotyping. Here, a strategy is presented for generating biallelic conditional gene and DNA regulatory region knockouts in mouse embryonic stem cells by codelivery of CRISPR-Cas9 and short-homology-arm targeting vectors sequentially or simultaneously.

Establishment of mouse expanded potential stem cells.

Mouse embryonic stem cells derived from the epiblast contribute to the somatic lineages and the germline but are excluded from the extra-embryonic tissues that are derived from the trophectoderm and the primitive endoderm upon reintroduction to the blastocyst. Here we report that cultures of expanded potential stem cells can be established from individual eight-cell blastomeres, and by direct conversion of mouse embryonic stem cells and induced pluripotent stem cells. Remarkably, a single expanded potential stem cell can contribute both to the embryo proper and to the trophectoderm lineages in a chimaera assay.

PHB Associates with the HIRA Complex to Control an Epigenetic-Metabolic Circuit in Human ESCs.

The chromatin landscape and cellular metabolism both contribute to cell fate determination, but their interplay remains poorly understood. Using genome-wide siRNA screening, we have identified prohibitin (PHB) as an essential factor in self-renewal of human embryonic stem cells (hESCs). Mechanistically, PHB forms protein complexes with HIRA, a histone H3.

Graphitic Carbon Nitride from Burial to Re-emergence on Polyethylene Terephthalate Nanofibers as an Easily Recycled Photocatalyst for Degrading Antibiotics under Solar Irradiation.

For powder catalysts to be recycled easily and to be applied in practical wastewater treatment, it is imperative to search suitable carriers that can be applied to support catalytic particles. Herein, we highlight a facile route to synthesize an easily recycled photocatalyst using polyethylene terephthalate (PET) to disperse graphitic carbon nitride (g-CN) via electrospinning and subsequent hydrothermal treatment. The resultant nanofiber is labeled T-g-CN/PET.

Self-floating graphitic carbon nitride/zinc phthalocyanine nanofibers for photocatalytic degradation of contaminants.

The effective elimination of micropollutants by an environmentally friendly method has received extensive attention recently. In this study, a photocatalyst based on polyacrylonitrile (PAN)-supported graphitic carbon nitride coupled with zinc phthalocyanine nanofibers (g-C3N4/ZnTcPc/PAN nanofibers) was successfully prepared, where g-C3N4/ZnTcPc was introduced as the catalytic entity and the PAN nanofibers were employed as support to overcome the defects of easy aggregation and difficult recycling. Herein, rhodamine B (RhB), 4-chlorophenol and carbamazepine (CBZ) were selected as the model pollutants.

Catalytic degradation of recalcitrant pollutants by Fenton-like process using polyacrylonitrile-supported iron (II) phthalocyanine nanofibers: Intermediates and pathway.

Iron (II) phthalocyanine (FePc) molecules were isolated in polyacrylonitrile (PAN) nanofibers by electrospinning to prevent the formation of dimers and oligomers. Carbamazepine (CBZ) and Rhodamine B (RhB) degradation was investigated during a Fenton-like process with FePc/PAN nanofibers. Classical quenching tests with isopropanol and electron paramagnetic resonance tests with 5,5-dimethyl-pyrroline-oxide as spin-trapping agent were performed to determine the formation of active species during hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) decomposition by FePc/PAN nanofibers.

Mesenchymal stem cells: a new strategy for immunosuppression and tissue repair.

Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) have great potential for treating various diseases, especially those related to tissue damage involving immune reactions. Various studies have demonstrated that MSCs are strongly immunosuppressive in vitro and in vivo. Our recent studies have shown that un-stimulated MSCs are indeed incapable of immunosuppression; they become potently immunosuppressive upon stimulation with the supernatant of activated lymphocytes, or with combinations of IFN-gamma with TNF-alpha, IL-1alpha or IL-1beta.