Signal Transduct Target Ther
March 2025
Radiotherapy (RT) resistance in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) significantly hampers local control and patient prognosis. This study investigated the efficacy and molecular mechanisms of high-energy X-ray-based ultra-high dose rate radiotherapy (UHDR-RT) in overcoming RT resistance. The established RT-resistant HNSCC cell lines and animal models were subjected to UHDR-RT or conventional RT (Conv-RT) via a high-power rhodotron accelerator.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBackground: Neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR) can be treated as a simple indicator of patients' immune status by representing the state of the systemic inflammatory response. Immunotherapy now is the accepted second-line treatment for recurrent or metastatic nasopharyngeal carcinoma (R/M NPC). However, the significance of NLR in patients with R/M NPC undergoing treatment with PD-L1 (programmed cell death-ligand 1) inhibitors is still uncertain.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBackground: Immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) show optimal treatment effects on recurrent or metastatic nasopharyngeal carcinoma(R/M NPC). Nonetheless, whether metastatic sites impact ICIs efficacy remains unclear.
Methods: We performed a secondary analysis of R/M NPC patients treated with KL-A167, a programmed cell death-ligand 1(PD-L1) inhibitor, based on a multicenter, single-arm, phase II study from China between 2019 and 2021 years, which represents the first and most comprehensive analysis of the effectiveness of a PD-L1 inhibitor in patients who have been previously treated.
Background: Immune-related adverse events (irAEs) have been associated with better therapeutic outcomes in patients receiving immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) across various cancers. This study investigates the association between irAEs and ICI outcomes in patients with recurrent or metastatic nasopharyngeal carcinoma (R/M NPC).
Methods: A post hoc analysis was performed on 153 patients with R/M NPC who received anti-PD-L1 inhibitors between February 26, 2019, and January 13, 2021.
Brain metastases, affecting 30% of solid tumor patients, have a substantial impact on clinical outcomes. Developing a clinically feasible and precise prognostic model is crucial for personalized and comprehensive treatment. Parameters from blood test were collected from brain metastases patients, and were used to construct the four models, including univariate Cox regression, stepwise regression, LASSO regression, and random survival forest (RSF).
View Article and Find Full Text PDFAdrenocortical carcinoma (ACC) is a rare, aggressive malignancy with a poor prognosis. Therapeutic options for patients with advanced ACC who have failed standard treatments are limited. Single-agent immunotherapy as a second-line treatment has shown unsatisfactory clinical outcomes.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFPurpose: Immunotherapy has become the primary option for recurrent and metastatic nasopharyngeal cancer (R/M NPC) after failure of chemotherapy, but without good prognostic indicators. Our study aimed to assess the potential of the systemic immune-inflammation index (SII) in predicting the effectiveness of PD-L1 inhibitor therapy for R/M NPC.
Patients And Methods: The study cohort comprises of a prospective Phase 2 clinical trial population undergoing PD-L1 inhibitor for R/M NPC at 42 hospitals in China between 2019 and 2021.
Background: Understanding the risk relationship between statin use and immune-related adverse events (irAEs) in patients undergoing immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) therapy is crucial for optimizing oncological management.
Objective: This study aimed to investigate whether the use of statins increases the risk of irAEs in patients receiving ICI therapy.
Methods: This study primarily utilized data from FAERS database.
Background: Previous research has established connections between gut microbiota, immune modulation, and several virus-related diseases. However, no study has explored the relationships between gut microbiota and herpes zoster and postherpetic neuralgia (PHN).
Methods: A total of 205 taxa of gut microbiota were regarded as exposures.
Background: Serum tumor markers (STMs) are recommended for cancer diagnosis and surveillance. However, their role in lung cancer with brain metastases (BM) is not yet clear. We aim to analyze the roles of baseline levels of STMs or ongoing STM surveillance on survival.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBackground: Immune-related biomarkers are linked to the outcomes of cancer immunotherapy. This study evaluates the baseline and longitudinal association between the lung immune prognostic index (LIPI) and immune checkpoint inhibitor outcomes in previously treated recurrent or metastatic (R/M) nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) patients.
Methods: Data from 153 R/M NPC patients (median age = 49.
Over the last decade, epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR)-targeted therapies have transformed the treatment landscape for patients with advanced solid tumors. Despite these advances, resistance to anti-EGFR therapies is still a significant clinical challenge. While cell-autonomous mechanisms of resistance are well-documented, they do not fully elucidate the complexity of drug resistance.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFcrown rot (FCR) in wheat is a prevalent soil-borne disease worldwide and poses a significant threat to the production of wheat () in China, with being the dominant pathogen. Currently, there is a shortage of biocontrol resources to control FCR induced by , along with biocontrol mechanisms. In this study, we have identified 37 strains of biocontrol bacteria displaying antagonistic effects against from over 8000 single colonies isolated from soil samples with a high incidence of FCR.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBackground: In cancer patients receiving immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs), there is emerging evidence suggesting a correlation between gut microbiota and immune-related adverse events (irAEs). However, the exact roles of gut microbiota and the causal associations are yet to be clarified.
Methods: To investigate this, we first conducted a univariable bi-directional two-sample Mendelian randomization (MR) analysis.
Background: Neural Tube Defects (NTDs) are congenital malformations of the central nervous system resulting from the incomplete closure of the neural tube during early embryonic development. Neuroinflammation refers to the inflammatory response in the nervous system, typically resulting from damage to neural tissue. Immune-related processes have been identified in NTDs, however, the detailed relationship and underlying mechanisms between neuroinflammation and NTDs remain largely unclear.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBackground: The poor overall prognosis of radioiodine refractory thyroid cancer is an inevitable challenge in managing this disease. A series of trials have demonstrated the antitumor activity of tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs) in radioiodine refractory differentiated thyroid cancer (RAIR-DTC). However, the available evidence cannot determine the optimal choice of TKI in RAIR-DTC.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBackground: The association between body mass index (BMI) and dementia risk differs depending on follow-up time and age at BMI measurement. The relationship between BMI trajectories in late-middle age (50-65 years old) and the risk of dementia in older age (> 65 years old) has not been revealed.
Methods: In the present study, participants from the Health and Retirement Study were included.
Objective: The prognosis of aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage (aSAH) survivors is concerning. The goal of this study was to investigate and demonstrate the relationship between the neutrophil-to-albumin ratio (NAR) and long-term mortality of aSAH survivors.
Methods: A retrospective observational cohort study was conducted at Sichuan University West China Hospital between January 2009 and June 2019.
Background: Observational studies suggested that inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) (i.e., Crohn's disease [CD] and ulcerative colitis [UC]) is associated with an increased risk of atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD), including coronary artery disease (CAD) and ischemic stroke.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFInt J Biol Sci
September 2023
Liquid‒liquid phase separation (LLPS) is a phenomenon driven by weak interactions between biomolecules, such as proteins and nucleic acids, that leads to the formation of distinct liquid-like condensates. Through LLPS, membraneless condensates are formed, selectively concentrating specific proteins while excluding other molecules to maintain normal cellular functions. Emerging evidence shows that cancer-related mutations cause aberrant condensate assembly, resulting in disrupted signal transduction, impaired DNA repair, and abnormal chromatin organization and eventually contributing to tumorigenesis.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBackground: The nuanced relationship between inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) and pancreatic cancer is noticed in recent years. However, the underlying causal effects of these two diseases are still unclear.
Methods: The two-sample mendelian randomization (MR) was conducted to explore the causal effect of IBD condition on pancreatic cancer.
is one of the major fungal pathogens that cause crown rot (FCR) worldwide and can lead to a substantially reduced grain yield and quality. Transcription factors play an important role in regulating growth and pathogenicity in plant pathogens. In this study, we identified a putative Zn(II)Cys fungal-type domain-containing transcription factor and named it FpUme18.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFFrailty refers to a decline in the physiological functioning of one or more organ systems. It remained unclear whether variations in the trajectory of frailty over time were associated with subsequent cognitive change. The aim of the current study was to investigate the association between frailty trajectories and subsequent cognitive decline based on the Health and Retirement Study (HRS).
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