Diterpenoids with Potent Anti-Psoriasis Activity from L.

Psoriasis, an immune-mediated inflammatory skin disorder, seriously affects the quality of life of nearly four percent of the world population. L. is the monarch constituent of Chinese ZeQi powder preparation for psoriasis, so it is necessary to illustrate its active ingredients.

Efficient Homojunction Tin Perovskite Solar Cells Enabled by Gradient Germanium Doping.

P-type self-doping is known to hamper tin-based perovskites for developing high-performance solar cells by increasing the background current density and carrier recombination processes. In this work, we propose a gradient homojunction structure with germanium doping that generates an internal electric field across the perovskite film to deplete the charge carriers. This structure reduces the dark current density of perovskite by over 2 orders of magnitude and trap density by an order of magnitude.

Ganonorsterone A, a norsteroid from the medicinal fungus .

Phytochemical investigation on the fruiting bodies of the medicinal fungus led to the isolation of a new norsteroid, namely ganonorsterone A (), together with one known steroid, cyathisterol (). The structure and absolute configuration of compound were assigned by extensive analysis of MS, NMR data, and quantum-chemical calculations including electronic circular dichroism (ECD) and calculated C NMR-DP4+ analysis. Bioassay results showed that compound displayed moderate inhibition on NO production in RAW 264.

A Catalyst-Like System Enables Efficient Perovskite Solar Cells.

High-quality perovskite films are essential for achieving high performance of optoelectronic devices; However, solution-processed perovskite films are known to suffer from compositional and structural inhomogeneity due to lack of systematic control over the kinetics during the formation. Here, the microscopic homogeneity of perovskite films is successfully enhanced by modulating the conversion reaction kinetics using a catalyst-like system generated by a foaming agent. The chemical and structural evolution during this catalytic conversion is revealed by a multimodal synchrotron toolkit with spatial resolutions spanning many length scales.

Whole genome analysis of sp. RerS4, a rhizosphere microbe producing a new lipopeptide.

, a valuable medicinal plant, is threatened by ring rot, a condition that greatly affects its yield and quality. Interactions between plant and the rhizosphere soil microbiome in the context of pathogen invasion are generally more specific, with recruitment of specialized microbes potentially antagonistic to a certain pathogen. Isolation of microorganisms from rhizosphere soil of healthy and ring rot-infected was carried out to screen antifungal microbes.

Impact of clomazone on bacterial communities in two soils.

Introduction: Bacterial communities are important for soil functions, but the effect of clomazone on network complexity, composition, and stability is not well studied.

Method: In this study, two agricultural soils were used to test the impact of clomazone on bacterial communities, and the two soils were treated with three concentrations of clomazone (0, 0.8, 8, and 80 mg kg) in an incubator.

Structurally Diverse Phenolic Amides from the Fruits of with Potent α-Glucosidase, Dipeptidyl Peptidase-4 Inhibitory, and PPAR-γ Agonistic Activities.

A total of nine new phenolic amides (-), including four pairs of enantiomeric mixtures (- and ), along with ten known analogues (-) were identified from the fruits of using bioassay-guided chromatographic fractionation. Their structures were elucidated by comprehensive spectroscopic and spectrometric analyses, chiral HPLC analyses, and quantum NMR, and electronic circular dichroism calculations. Compounds - are the first example of feruloyl tyramine dimers fused through a cyclobutane ring.

Pyrrole alkaloids from the fruiting bodies of edible mushroom .

Nine pyrrole alkaloid derivatives, including four new ones (1-4), were isolated from the wild mushroom for the first time. Their chemical structures were determined using UV-Vis spectroscopy, IR spectroscopy, MS, NMR spectroscopy, and single-crystal X-ray diffraction techniques. Compound 1, a previously unreported bicylo-pyrrole aldehyde homologue, was found to be a major component, approximately 8.

Fungal network composition and stability in two soils impacted by trifluralin.

Introduction: The composition and stability of soil fungal network are important for soil function, but the effect of trifluralin on network complexity and stability is not well understood.

Methods: In this study, two agricultural soils were used to test the impact of trifluralin on a fungal network. The two soils were treated with trifluralin (0, 0.

Clomazone impact on fungal network complexity and stability.

Introduction: Soil fungal network composition and stability are important for soil functions, but there is less understanding of the impact of clomazone on network complexity and stability.

Methods: In this work, two agricultural soils were used to investigate the impact of clomazone on fungal network complexity, composition, and stability. The two soils were treated with clomazone solution (0, 0.

Dysosmaflavonoid A-F, new flavonols with potent DPPH radical scavenging activity from Dysosma versipellis.

Six new flavonols, including four glucosylated flavonols (dysosmaflavonoid A-D), one phenylpropanoid-substituted flavonol (dysosmaflavonoid E), and one phenyl-substituted flavonol (dysosmaflavonoid F), together with five known analogues, were isolated from the roots and rhizomes of Dysosma versipellis. Their structures were elucidated by comprehensive analysis of their NMR, IR, UV, HRESIMS, and HPLC data. The antioxidant activities of all isolated compounds were examined by 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) radical scavenging assay.

Structure elucidation of linear triquinane sesquiterpenoids, hirsutuminoids A-Q, from the fungus Stereum hirsutum and their activities.

Eighteen linear triquinane sesquiterpenoids (LTSs), including seventeen previously undescribed ones (hirsutuminoids A-Q), were isolated from the fermentation of the fungus Stereum hirsutum (Willd.) Pers. The structures and absolute configurations of the isolates were characterized by extensive spectroscopic analysis (1D, 2D NMR, and HRMS data), together with comparing the experimental and calculated data of both electronic circular dichroism and NMR data, as well as X-ray crystallography.

Correction: Neuroinflammatory inhibitors from Siebold & Zuccarini.

[This corrects the article DOI: 10.1039/D1RA05204G.].

Neuroinflammatory inhibitors from Siebold & Zuccarini.

Two new monoterpene indole alkaloid glycosides nutanoside A-B (1-2), two new phenolic glycoside esters nutanester A-B (6-7), together with five known compounds (3-5, 8-9) were isolated from the ethanol extract of Siebold & Zuccarini. Their structures were established on the basis of extensive spectroscopic analysis and TDDFT/ECD calculations. Compounds 1 and 2 are two rare monoterpene indole alkaloids with the glucosyl moiety located at C-12 and represent the first two examples of enantiomer of ajmaline type monoterpene indole alkaloids.

Structure and absolute configuration assignments of ochracines F-L, chamigrane and cadinane sesquiterpenes from the basidiomycete HFG119.

Ochracines F-L (1-7), seven previously undescribed chamigrane and cadinane sesquiterpenoids, together with four known chamigranes were isolated from cultures of the wood-decaying fungus HFG119. Ochracines F-L were structurally characterized by extensive analysis of HRMS and NMR spectroscopic data. The relative configurations were assigned through a combination of NOE correlations and -based configuration analysis (JBCA), while the absolute configurations were determined by X-ray single-crystal diffraction, and calculated methods (ECD, [α], C NMR).

LSD1 inhibitors from the roots of .

One new 6a,11a-dehydropterocarpan derivative, 6--methyl-anhydrotuberosin (), one new 6a-hydroxypterocarpan, (6a,11a,11b)-hydroxytuberosone (), and seven known compounds including two 6a,11a-dehydropterocarpans ( and ), two coumestans ( and ), one isoflavonoid () and two other phenolic compounds ( and ) were isolated from the roots of . The structures of the isolated compounds were elucidated with spectroscopic and spectrometric methods (1 D and 2DNMR, HRESIMS). Compounds - showed potent LSD1 inhibitory activities with IC values ranging from 1.

Iridoid glycosides isolated from batal with NO production inhibitory activity.

Investigation into the chemical diversity of Batal led to the discovery of three new (-) and one known () iridoid glycosides. Their structures were established through spectroscopic methods including 1 D and 2 D NMR experiments and HRESIMS analysis. Inhibitory effects of - on nitric oxide production were investigated in lipopolysaccaride (LPS)-mediated RAW 264.

1,10-seco guaianolide-type sesquiterpenoids from .

ABSTACTA chemical investigation of the whole plant of traditional Chinese medicine, L., led to the discovery of six guaianolide-type sesquiterpenoids with a 1,10-splited skeleton. The structure of the new compound was established by extensive analysis of UV, IR, MS, NMR and ECD data.

Diterpenes with bicyclo[2.2.2]octane moieties from the fungicolous fungus Xylaria longipes HFG1018.

Xylarilongipins A (1) and B (2), two diterpenes each with an unusual cage-like bicyclo[2.2.2]octane moiety, along with their biosynthetic precursor hymatoxin L (3), were isolated from the culture broth of the fungicolous fungus Xylaria longipes HFG1018 inhabiting in the medicinal fungus Fomitopsis betulinus.

Immunosuppressive Nor-isopimarane Diterpenes from Cultures of the Fungicolous Fungus HFG1018.

Eighteen new nor-isopimarane diterpenes, xylarinorditerpenes A-R (-), along with two previously reported compounds, 14α,16-epoxy-18-norisopimar-7-en-4α-ol () and the labdane-type diterpene agatadiol (), were isolated from cultures of the fungicolous fungus HFG1018 isolated from the wood-rotting basidiomycete . The structure elucidation and relative configuration assignments of - were accomplished by interpretation of spectroscopic data and through computational methods. The absolute configurations of , , and were determined by single-crystal X-ray diffraction.

Unusual constituents from the medicinal mushroom .

Extensive studies have revealed that triterpenoids, meroterpenoids, and polysaccharides are the main constituents of the well-known traditional Chinese medicinal mushroom . In this study, we report seven previously undescribed sesquiterpenoids, including six gymnomitranes (1-6) and a novel type of sesquiterpenoid (8), together with a polyketide (7) and a known steroid (9) from the fruiting bodies of , a fungus used as traditional medicine and food supplement in East Asia for ages. The structures of 1-8 were deduced by analysis of spectroscopic data, X-ray single crystal diffractions and TDDFT/ECD calculations.

Sesquiterpenoids from and their NO production inhibitory activity in RAW264.7 cells.

Investigation into the chemical diversity of led to the discovery of two new (, ) and four known (, -) sesquiterpenoids. The new structures were determined extensive spectroscopic data, including IR, UV, MS, and NMR, and the absolute configurations of these compounds were elucidated by calculated ECD method. All isolates were tested for their inhibitory activity against NO production in RAW 264.

Ochracines A-E, chamigrane-related norsesquiterpene derivatives from the basidiomycete Steccherinum ochraceum HFG119.

Ochracines A-E, five previously undescribed norsesquiterpenes featured by unusual scaffolds biogenetically related to chamigrane, were isolated from the cultures of Steccherinum ochraceum. Ochracines A (1) and B (2) represent the first examples of norsesquiterpenes with an unprecedented 1,2-6,7-diseco-1,8-cyclochamigrane scaffold. Ochracines C-D (3-5) possess an unusual 1,2-6,7-diseco-chamigrane skeleton.