The effect of high-volume intraoperative fluid administration on outcomes among pediatric patients undergoing living donor liver transplantation.

Background: Pediatric patients undergoing liver transplantation are particularly susceptible to complications arising from intraoperative fluid management strategies. Conventional liberal fluid administration has been challenged due to its association with increased perioperative morbidity. This study aimed to assess the impact of intraoperative high-volume fluid therapy on pediatric patients who are undergoing living donor liver transplantation (LDLT).

IL-6 Up-Regulates Expression of LIM-Domain Only Protein 4 in Psoriatic Keratinocytes through Activation of the MEK/ERK/NF-κB Pathway.

Psoriasis is a chronic inflammatory skin disease characterized by the activation of keratinocytes and the infiltration of immune cells. Overexpression of the transcription factor LIM-domain only protein 4 (LMO4) promoted by IL-23 has critical roles in regulating the proliferation and differentiation of psoriatic keratinocytes. IL-6, an autocrine cytokine in psoriatic epidermis, is a key mediator of IL-23/T helper 17-driven cutaneous inflammation.

Pro-inflammatory cytokine IL-6 regulates LMO4 expression in psoriatic keratinocytes via AKT/STAT3 pathway.

The transcription factor LIM-only protein 4 (LMO4) is overexpressed in the psoriatic epidermis and regulates keratinocyte proliferation and differentiation. High LMO4 expression levels are induced by interleukin-23 (IL-23) to activate the AKT/STAT3 signaling pathway. Interleukin-6 (IL-6) is mainly involved in regulating T cell functions and development in patients with psoriasis.

GPR108 is required for gambogic acid inhibiting NF-κB signaling in cancer.

GPCRs are the most potential targets for drug discovery, however, their role in oncology is underappreciated and GPCR-based anti-cancer drug is not fully investigated. Herein, we identified GPR108, a GPCR protein described in innate immune system, is a potential therapeutic target of cancer. Depletion of GPR108 dramatically inhibited the survival of various cancers.

A novel four-gene signature predicts immunotherapy response of patients with different cancers.

Background: Immune checkpoint blockade (ICB) therapy has demonstrated favorable clinical efficacy, particularly for advanced or difficult-to-treat cancer types. However, this therapy is ineffective for many patients displaying lack of immune response or resistance to ICB. This study aimed to establish a novel four-gene signature (CD8A, CD8B, TCF7, and LEF1) to provide a prognostic immunotherapy biomarker for different cancers.

Both high glucose and phosphate overload promote senescence-associated calcification of vascular muscle cells.

Purpose: The NAD-dependent deacetylase, sirtuin 1 (SIRT1), plays an important role in vascular calcification induced by high glucose and/or high phosphate levels. However, the mechanism by which SIRT1 regulates this process is still not fully understood. Thus, this study aimed to determine the role of high glucose and phosphate in vascular calcification and the molecular mechanisms underlying SIRT1 regulation.

Ultrasound-Guided Cannulation of the Great Saphenous Vein in Neonates: A Randomized Study.

Objective: This prospective randomized controlled study aimed to compare the ultrasound-guided (USG) technique with the standard single-wall puncture technique for epicutaneo-caval catheter (ECC) placement in neonates.

Study Design: A total of 100 neonates were included in this study. All enrolled neonates were randomly divided into two groups ( = 50): the USG group and the control group.

Ultrasound guidance for internal jugular vein cannulation in neonates: Modified dynamic needle tip positioning short-axis out-of-plane technique versus long-axis in-plane technique, a randomized controlled trial.

Background: Ultrasound-guided central venous catheter placement has significantly improved the success rate of punctures and reduced the risk of complications. However, catheterizing the internal jugular vein under ultrasound guidance in neonates remains challenging.

Methods: Ninety-six patients were screened for eligibility in this randomized controlled trial between November 2018 and October 2019.

A negative feedback loop involving NF-κB/TIR8 regulates IL-1β-induced epithelial- myofibroblast transdifferentiation in human tubular cells.

Renal tubular epithelial-myofibroblast transdifferentiation (EMT) plays a central role in the development of renal interstitial fibrosis (RIF). The profibrotic cytokine interleukin (IL)-1 and the IL-1 receptor (IL-1R) also participate in RIF development, and Toll/IL-1R 8 (TIR8), a member of the Toll-like receptor superfamily, has been identified as a negative regulator of IL-1R signaling. However, the functions of TIR8 in IL-1-induced RIF remain unknown.

Distal superficial femoral vein versus axillary vein central catheter placement under ultrasound guidance for neonates with difficult access: A randomized clinical trial.

Background: Epicutaneo-caval catheters (ECCs) are extensively used in premature and ill neonates. This prospective, randomized, observational study aimed to compare the outcomes of ECC placement in the distal superficial femoral and axillary veins in neonates with difficult ECC access.

Methods: In a neonatal intensive care unit at a tertiary referral center, 60 neonates with difficult ECC access were randomized into two groups with catheters placed using the ultrasound-guided modified dynamic needle tip positioning (MDNTP) technique: distal superficial femoral vein (DSFV) and axillary vein (AV) groups.

Combined short- and long-axis method for internal jugular vein catheterization in premature newborns: A randomized controlled trial.

Background: Rapid central venous catheterization is critical for the rescue and perioperative management of premature infants requiring surgery. Ultrasound-guided dynamic needle tip positioning (DNTP) has been widely used as a very effective technique, especially in paediatric vascular puncture and catheterization. However, for low-weight premature newborns, central vein catheterization still poses greater difficulties for paediatricians and paediatric anaesthesiologists.

TRPV1 Contributes to the Neuroprotective Effect of Dexmedetomidine in Pilocarpine-Induced Status Epilepticus Juvenile Rats.

To investigate the antiepileptic and neuroprotective effects of dexmedetomidine (Dex) in pilocarpine- (Pilo-) induced status epilepticus (SE) juvenile rats, rats were randomly assigned to the following six groups ( = 20): normal, normal+Dex, SE, SE+Cap, SE+Dex, and SE+Dex+Cap. The rats were treated with either diazepam (i.p.

The therapeutic effect of controlled reoxygenation on chronic hypoxia-associated brain injury.

Cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB) is the most general technique applied in congenital heart disease (CHD). However, standard CPB poses a specific pathologic condition for patients during surgery: exposure to reoxygenation. When surgery is performed on cyanotic infants, standard CPB is usually initiated at a high concentration of oxygen without consideration of cytotoxic effects.

Anticonvulsant and Neuroprotective Effects of Dexmedetomidine on Pilocarpine-Induced Status Epilepticus in Rats Using a Metabolomics Approach.

BACKGROUND Status epilepticus (SE) is the most extreme form of seizure. It is a medical and neurological emergency that requires prompt and appropriate treatment and early neuroprotection. Dexmedetomidine (DEX) is mainly used for its sedative, analgesic, anxiolytic, and neuroprotective effects with light respiratory depression.

Photoswitchable probe with distinctive characteristics for selective fluorescence imaging and long-term tracing.

A photo-switchable and high-contrast bio-imaging indicator 4,4'-(1,1')-(4,4'-(cyclopentene-1,2-diyl)bis(5-methylthiophene-4,2-diyl))bis(methan-1-yl-1-ylidene)bis(azan-1-yl-1-ylidene)bis(2-(benzo[]thiazol-2-yl)phenol) (BMBT) has been demonstrated, by integrating photochromophore with excited-state intramolecular proton transfer (ESIPT) moiety. The ability of reversible emission switching enables arbitrarily selective labeling or concealing of cells simply by controlling light irradiation. Besides, when the emission was switched on, BMBT is demonstrated to exhibit unique characteristics of aggregation induced emission (AIE), providing a high on-off ratio for favorable bio-imaging.

The Efficacy and Safety of Dexmedetomidine Combined with Bupivacaine on Caudal Epidural Block in Children: A Meta-Analysis.

BACKGROUND This meta-analysis was conducted to evaluate the analgesics effect and safety of dexmedetomidine (DEX) combined with bupivacaine (BU) on caudal epidural block. MATERIAL AND METHODS Published studies were identified using the PubMed, EMBASE, Web of Science, and the Cochrane Library from inception until October 2017. Relative risk (RR), the standardized mean difference (SMD), and the corresponding 95% confidence interval (CI) were calculated using the STATA 12.

A Fluorophores Probe for Selectively Detecting Cu(II) and Zn(II) Based on Photochromic Diarylethenes.

A novel photochromic fluorophores based on diarylethene (BMBT) was synthesized with simple process, which displays high selectivity for metal ion Cu and Zn. BMBT displays an excellent photochromism characteristic with reversibly spectral change upon alternating irradiation with ultraviolet and visible light. BMBT can detect Cu by color change from pale yellow to dark green in THF solution and exhibits an easily detectable change in fluorescence intensity when the concentration of metal ion Cu and Zn were increased, respectively.

LMO4 Is a Disease-Provocative Transcription Coregulator Activated by IL-23 in Psoriatic Keratinocytes.

Psoriasis is an autoimmune disease characterized by abnormal differentiation and hyperproliferation of epidermal keratinocytes. LIM-domain only protein 4 (LMO4) is a transcription factor coregulator that promotes the assembly of multiprotein complexes to regulate mammary epithelium and keratinocyte differentiation and proliferation during embryogenesis. In this study, LMO4 has been found to be abundantly expressed in psoriatic epidermis.

`Folate-Conjugated Phosphorescent Silica Nanoparticles for Bioimaging and Cancer Cell Targeting.

Besides their superior photophysical properties, phosphorescent transition-metal complexes have some drawbacks for biological applications because of their poor solubility in aqueous solutions and toxicity. In order to avoid the biological environmental impacts on their optical function and solve the problems of water-solubility and toxicity in sensing and bioimaging, two biocompatible organic/inorganic hybrid phosphorescent nanoprobes (Ir-MSN) by using mesoporous silica nanoparticles (MSN) as carriers and an iridium(III) complex as signaling unit were prepared in the present study. In addition, folic acid (FA) was covalently attached to them to endow the particles with characteristic of tumor targeting.

Grhl3 induces human epithelial tumor cell migration and invasion via downregulation of E-cadherin.

Grainyhead genes are involved in wound healing and developmental neural tube closure. Metastasis is a multistep process during which cancer cells disseminate from the site of primary tumors and establish secondary tumors in distant organs. The adhesion protein E-cadherin plays an essential role in metastasis.

NFκB up-regulation of glucose transporter 3 is essential for hyperactive mammalian target of rapamycin-induced aerobic glycolysis and tumor growth.

Accumulating evidence indicates that mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) exerts a crucial role in aerobic glycolysis and tumorigenesis, but the underlying mechanisms remain largely obscure. Results from Tsc1- or Tsc2-null mouse embryonic fibroblasts (MEFs) and human cancer cell lines consistently indicate that the expression of glucose transporter 3 (Glut3) is dramatically up-regulated by mTOR. The rapamycin-sensitive mTOR complex 1 (mTORC1), but not the rapamycin-insensitive mTOR complex 2 (mTORC2), was involved in the regulation of Glut3 expression.

Therapeutic effect of the treatment for colorectal cancer with adenoviral vectors mediated estrogen receptor β gene therapy combined with thermotherapy.

Introduction: Our preliminary study on repressing colorectal tumors by recombinant adenoviruses (Ads) delivering the human ERβ gene (Ad-ERβ) has achieved positive result.

Methods: In this study, hydrophobic fluorescent dyes ICG-Der-01 was entrapped into the N-succinyl-N'-octyl chitosan (SOC) micelles to form the near infrared absorbing dyes SOC-ICG-Der-01 and SOC-ICG-Der-01 mediated near infrared laser (SOC-ICG-Der-01/NIR) thermotherapy was combined with Ad-ERβ gene therapy to regress colon cancer in vivo.

Results: Firstly, the antitumor efficacies of SOC-ICG-Der-01/NIR thermotherapy were investigated on S180 ascites tumor-bearing mice.

Rational design of phosphorescent chemodosimeter for reaction-based one- and two-photon and time-resolved luminescent imaging of biothiols in living cells.

A selective phosphorescent biothiols probe is synthesized based on Ir(III) complex 1, which has 2,2'-biquinoline as the N^N ligand for realizing the satisfied two-photon absorption cross-section and two-functionalized 2-phenylpyridine ligands with an α,β-unsaturated ketone moiety as the thiol reaction site. The one- and two-photon optical properties of 1 are investigated through UV-vis absorption spectrum and photoluminescence spectrum. This Ir(III) complex can act as an excellent one- and two-photon excited "OFF-ON" phosphorescent probe for biothiols based on the 1,4-addition of biothiol to α,β-unsaturated ketones.

Hyper-branched phosphorescent conjugated polyelectrolytes for time-resolved heparin sensing.

A series of hyper-branched cationic conjugated polyelectrolytes containing different contents of phosphorescent Ir(III) complex has been designed and synthesized successfully. Their photophysical properties in both aqueous solution and solid film are investigated and their morphologies in aqueous solution are observed by TEM. Nanoparticles with the size of 80-100 nm have been formed in aqueous solution through the self-assembly of polymers.

Inhibitory effects of ERβ on proliferation, invasion, and tumor formation of MCF-7 breast cancer cells--prognostication for the use of ERβ-selective therapy.

Context: Estrogen is well-known as an important factor in the physiological functions and pathological processes of breast. Estrogen receptor β (ERβ) is expressed in the majority of breast cancers at lower levels compared with the normal breast tissue.

Objective: The effect of ERβ on the characteristics of breast tumor cells and its prognostication for the use of ERβ-selective therapy were investigated here for the first time.