N-Acetyl-L-Cysteine Protects Airway Epithelial Cells during Infection against Mucin Synthesis, Oxidative Stress, and Inflammatory Response and Inhibits HSPA6 Expression.

(RSV) infection is an important cause of hospitalization of children worldwide, leading to significant morbidity and mortality. RSV infection leads to increasing inflammatory and apoptosis events in the airway epithelium through mechanisms involving ROS generation. The antioxidant N-acetyl-L-cysteine (NAC) has been shown to inhibit influenza virus replication and to reduce the secretion of inflammatory and apoptotic mediators during virus infection.

[Liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry-based metabolomics study of the efficacy of Chinese medicine asthma-relieving decoction on respiratory syncytial virus infection].

Respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) can cause lower respiratory tract infections, such as bronchiolitis in infants. In China, traditional asthma-relieving medicine has numerous clinical applications in the treatment of RSV infections. However, due to the complexity of the traditional Chinese medicine system, its therapeutic mechanism and main pharmacological components remain unclear.

[Levels of lymphocyte subsets, immunoglobulins, and complement C3 and C4 in children with hand-foot-mouth disease].

Objective: To study the clinical value of lymphocyte subsets, immunoglobulins, and complement C3 and C4 in the evaluation of immune status in children with hand-foot-mouth disease (HFMD).

Methods: A total of 282 children with HFMD were enrolled as the HFMD group, and 130 healthy children were enrolled as the healthy control group. The percentages of peripheral CD3, CD4, and CD8 T lymphocytes, CD19 B lymphocytes, and CD56 natural killer cells were measured.

Improving Cycling Stability and Rate Capability of High-Voltage LiCoO₂ Through an Integration of Lattice Doping and Nanoscale Coating.

High-voltage LiCoO₂ has attracted much interest owing to the high specific energy density. But the poor cycling performance and inferior rate capacity of LiCoO₂ at a high voltage (≥4.5 V) has restricted the practical applications.

Etiology of community-acquired pneumonia in 1500 hospitalized children.

Childhood community-acquired pneumonia (CAP) is a common illness; however, comprehensive studies of hospitalizations for CAP among children in China based on prospective and multicenter data collection are limited. The aim of this investigation was to determine the respiratory pathogens responsible for CAP in hospitalized children. From January to December 2015, oropharyngeal swabs and blood serum were collected from hospitalized children with CAP symptoms ranging in age from 6 months to 14 years at 10 hospitals across China.

Serum metabolomics study and eicosanoid analysis of childhood atopic dermatitis based on liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry.

Atopic dermatitis (AD) is the most common inflammatory skin disease in children. In the study, ultra high performance liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry was used to investigate serum metabolic abnormalities of AD children. Two batch fasting sera were collected from AD children and healthy control; one of them was for nontargeted metabolomics analysis, the other for targeted eicosanoids analysis.

[Effect of bronchoalveolar lavage on the heart rhythm and conduction of the children with severe pneumonia].

Objective: To observe the effect of bronchoalveolar lavage on the heart rhythm and conduction of children with severe pneumonia through monitoring the electrocardiogram change of different step of the bronchoalveolar lavage, for proving the safety of the operation of bronchoalveolar lavage from the perspective of cardiac electrophysiology.

Method: From July 2011 to March 2012, 30 patients who were hospitalized in pneumology department of Dalian Children's Hospital and met the inclusion criteria and therapeutic indications of bronchoalveolar lavage were chosen. They were 3 to 12 years old, the average age was 5.

[Application of combined esophageal multichannel intraluminal impedance-pH monitoring in infants and children with gastroesophageal reflux disease].

Objective: This study aimed to evaluate the diagnostic value of a 24-hour esophageal combined multichannel intraluminal impedance pH (24 h our MII-pH) monitoring in children with gastroesophageal reflux (GER) disease and recurrent pneumonia.

Methods: A total of 17 cases with a suspected diagnosis of GER disease children with unexplained recurrent pneumonia underwent a 24-hour MII-pH monitoring to analysis of the nature and characteristics of reflux.

Results: In the 17 cases of GER disease with recurrent pneumonia, 11 (65%) were confirmed positively by a 24-hours of MII-pH monitoring.

A cross-sectional study of the clinical characteristics of hospitalized children with community-acquired pneumonia in eight eastern cities in China.

Background: Community-acquired pneumonia in children is common in China. To understand current clinical characteristics and practice, we conducted a cross-sectional study to analyze quality of care on childhood pneumonia in eight eastern cities in China.

Methods: Consecutive hospital records between January 1, 2010 and December 31, 2010 were collected from 13 traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) and western medicine (WM) hospitals in February, May, August, and November (25 cases per season, 100 cases over the year), respectively.

[Distribution and drug resistance of the isolated bacteria from children with acute respiratory infection].

Objective: To study the distribution and drug resistance of the isolated bacteria from children with acute respiratory infection (ARI) in Dalian.

Methods: Between January 2006 and February 2007, 930 children with ARI were enrolled, including 364 with acute upper respiratory infection (AURI), and 566 with acute lower respiratory infection (ALRI). The AURI children, who did not receive antimicrobial agent treatment or received oral antimicrobial agents 1-2 times, had bacterial cultures of pharyngeal swab.

[Dingchuantang decoction restores the imbalance of TH2/TH1 in mice infected by respiratory syncytial virus].

Objective: Dingchuantang is a traditional Chinese medicine decoction which has the Qing, Xuan and Jiang components which have the ability to dispel (Xuan), depress (Jiang) and heat clear or febrigugal (Qing). It has been used for asthma and respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) infection. However, the therapeutic mechanisms of the decoction have not been identified.

[Effect of intrauterine acute ischemic-hypoxia on the expression of lung SP-A and SP-B in neonatal rats].

Objective: Neonatal asphyxia is one of the main causes for the acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) in full-term newborns. Now it is believed that the reduced amount and abnormal function of pulmonary surfactant due to various causes is a major factor leading to acute lung injury. This study aimed at using an intrauterine acute ischemic-hypoxia rat model and investigating the effect of intrauterine acute ischemic-hypoxia on the expression of surfactant protein A (SP-A) and surfactant protein B (SP-B) in neonatal rat lungs.