The predominant role of FliC contributes to the flagella-related pathogenicity of ST34 S. Typhimurium monophasic variant.

Over the past two decades, the monophasic variant of Salmonella enterica serovar Typhimurium (S. Typhimurium) has rapidly emerged and increased worldwide. This upsurge is especially true for the European clone of the ST34 S.

Hydrazine promoted nitrite reduction in partial-denitrification by enhancing organic-substrate uptake and electron transport.

Partial denitrification coupled with anammox is a promising approach for sustainable nitrogen removal from wastewater. However, this coupling can be influenced by hydrazine (NH) released by anammox bacteria. This study aimed to reveal how NH regulates partial denitrification.

Identification of MAPK Genes in and Analysis of Their Expression Patterns in Response to Anthracnose.

The oil bean is a high-quality, economically valuable variety of kidney bean ( L.) that is widely cultivated in Northeast China. However, the prevalence of anthracnose, caused by a combination of factors, including continuous cropping over many years, has led to significant declines in both yield and quality.

Pharmacokinetics, pharmacodynamics and bioavailability of dexmedetomidine nasal spray in healthy Chinese adults: A phase I clinical trial.

Background: Intranasal administration is a convenient route for drug delivery that can be applied for procedural sedation. However, there is currently limited exploration into fixed dosing regimens. This study was to investigate the pharmacokinetics (PK), pharmacodynamics (PD), bioavailability (BA) and safety of dexmedetomidine after fixed doses of intranasal and intravenous administration in healthy male and female subjects.

Solvent-Controlled Diastereodivergent Synthesis of Hexahydropyrrolo[2,1-]isoquinolines through Pd/C-Catalyzed Dehydrogenative [3 + 2] Cycloaddition.

A Pd/C-catalyzed dehydrogenative [3 + 2] cycloaddition is described for the diastereoswitchable synthesis of hexahydropyrrolo[2,1-]isoquinolines by altering solvents. The reaction proceeds through a sequential Pd/C-catalyzed dehydrogenative formation of azomethine ylides from tetrahydroisoquinoline acetates and 1,3-dipolar cycloaddition with 2-nitroethenylbenzenes. This method displayed tunable diastereoselectivity, a broad substrate scope and good functional group compatibility.

NR4A3 inhibits the tumor progression of hepatocellular carcinoma by inducing cell cycle G0/G1 phase arrest and upregulation of CDKN2AIP expression.

Nuclear receptor subfamily 4 group A member 3 (NR4A3) is a member of the orphan nuclear receptor superfamily, and exhibits transcription factor activity by binding to sequence-specific DNA. Considering that the specific mechanism by which NR4A3 regulates gene transcription in HCC (hepatocellular carcinoma) has not yet been elucidated, our study aimed to explore the transcriptional role of NR4A3 in regulating the target gene CDKN2AIP (CDKN2A interacting protein), which will suppress the development of HCC. Our data show that NR4A3 is downregulated in human HCC tissues, and that low expression of NR4A3 is correlated with poor prognosis, indicating that NR4A3 could act as a tumor suppressor gene in HCC.

Engineering d-p Orbital Hybridization in a Single-Atom-Based Solid-State Electrolyte for Lithium-Metal Batteries.

Regulating lithium salt dissociation kinetics by enhancing the interaction between inorganic fillers and lithium salts is vital for enhancing the ionic conductivity in solid-state composite polymer electrolytes (CPEs). However, the influence of fillers' external electronic environments on lithium salt dissociation dynamics remains unclear. Here, we design single-atom sites in metal-organic framework fillers for poly(ethylene oxide) (PEO)-based CPEs, boosting lithium salt dissociation through an electrocatalytic strategy.

Biofilm-based immobilized fermentation of engineered Komagataella phaffii for xylanase production.

This study presented an immobilized fermentation process of engineered Komagataella phaffii with improved biofilm-forming abilities for continuous xylanase production and provided the first insights into the molecular basis of biofilm-based immobilized fermentation of K. phaffii. Overexpression of PAS_chr2-2_0178 and PAS_FragB_0067 in K.

A novel aggregation-induced emission-featured hyperbranched poly(amido amine)s stabilized copper nanoclusters‑cerium (III) sensor for detection of thiol flavor compounds in processed meat.

Thiol flavor compounds are a class of flavoring ingredients that contribute significantly to food flavor. However, rapid discrimination of multiple thiol-flavor compounds remain a challenge. In this study, a ratiometric fluorescent sensor (TPE-ssHPA@Cu NCs-Ce) with dual-channel fluorescence features was developed using tetraphenylethene-embedded hyperbranched poly(amidoamine) as a template to stabilize the copper nanocluster‑cerium ions.

Production of Value-Added Arabinofuranosyl Nucleotide Analogues from Nucleoside by an In Vitro Enzymatic Synthetic Biosystem.

Arabinofuranosyl nucleotide analogue (arabinoside) and the derived compounds, a family of nucleoside analogues, exhibit diverse, typically biological activities and are widely used as antibacterial, antiviral, anti-inflammatory, and antitumor drugs in both clinical and preclinical trials. Despite their long and rich history in medicinal chemistry, the biosynthesis of arabinoside has only been sporadically designed and studied and has remained a challenging task. In this study, an in vitro synthetic enzymatic biosystem was designed and constructed for the production of arabinoside from low-cost nucleoside, based on a phosphorolysis -isomerization-dephosphorylation enzymatic cascade conversion routes.

Biochemical Characterization of an Arabinoside Monophosphate Specific 5'-Nucleotidase-like Enzyme from .

To investigate the function of the gene in the pentostatin and vidarabine (Ara-A) biosynthetic gene cluster in NRRL 3238, PenF was recombinantly expressed and characterized. Enzymatic characterization of the enzyme demonstrated that PenF exhibited metal-dependent nucleoside 5'-monophosphatase activity, showing a substrate preference for arabinose nucleoside 5'-monophosphate over 2'-deoxyribonucleoside 5'-monophosphate and ribonucleoside 5'-monophosphate. Metal ions such as Mg and Mn significantly enhanced enzyme activity, whereas Zn, Cu, and Ca inhibited it.

Food Public Opinion Prevention and Control Model Based on Sentiment Analysis.

Food public opinion is characterized by its low ignition point, high diffusibility, persistence, and strong negativity, which significantly impact food safety and consumer trust. This paper introduces the Food Public Opinion Prevention and Control (FPOPC) model driven by deep learning and personalized recommendation algorithms, rigorously tested and analyzed through experimentation. Initially, based on an analysis of food public opinion development, a comprehensive FPOPC framework addressing all stages of food public opinion was established.

Barriers and facilitators to the application of nurse practitioners' training pilot programs in China: A CFIR-guided descriptive qualitative study.

Background: The Guidelines on Prescriptive Authority for Nurses released by the International Council of Nurses indicate that 44 countries or territories worldwide have enacted legislation granting prescriptive authority to nurses. In the US, 27 states, two territories, and Washington, D.C.

Integrable utilization of intermittent sunlight and residual heat for on-demand CO conversion with water.

Abundant residual heat from industrial emissions may provide energy resource for CO conversion, which relies on H gas and cannot be accomplished at low temperatures. Here, we report an approach to store electrons and hydrogen atoms in catalysts using sunlight and water, which can be released for CO reduction in dark at relatively low temperatures (150-300 °C), enabling on-demand CO conversion. As a proof of concept, a model catalyst is developed by loading single Cu sites on hexagonal tungsten trioxide (Cu/WO).

A deep neural network improves endoscopic detection of laterally spreading tumors.

Background: Colorectal cancer (CRC) is the malignant tumor of the digestive system with the highest incidence and mortality rate worldwide. Laterally spreading tumors (LSTs) of the large intestine have unique morphological characteristics, special growth patterns and higher malignant potential. Therefore, LSTs are a precancerous lesion of CRC that could be easily missed.

The role of hypoxic microenvironment in autoimmune diseases.

The hypoxic microenvironment, characterized by significantly reduced oxygen levels within tissues, has emerged as a critical factor in the pathogenesis and progression of various autoimmune diseases (AIDs). Central to this process is the hypoxia-inducible factor-1 (HIF-1), which orchestrates a wide array of cellular responses under low oxygen conditions. This review delves into the multifaceted roles of the hypoxic microenvironment in modulating immune cell function, particularly highlighting its impact on immune activation, metabolic reprogramming, and angiogenesis.

Multifunctional-hierarchical flexible metasurface with simultaneous low infrared emissivity, broadband microwave absorption, and dynamic visible camouflage.

Sophisticated multispectral detectors have made single-band camouflage materials ineffective, consequently leading to significant advancements in metasurfaces that possess both infrared (IR), radar, and visible stealth capabilities. However, the mutual constraints of stealth principles across different bands and the demand for environment-adaptive camouflage raise challenges to existing multispectral compatible stealth solutions. Here a multifunctional-hierarchical flexible metasurface (MHFM) including an infrared suppression layer (IRSL), three microwave absorbing layers (MAL), an environmental adaptation layer (EAL), and a total reflective sheet (TRS), was designed to simultaneously achieve IR, radar, and dynamic visible stealth.

Eigenmode and eigenpropagation of the electromagnetic waves in Möbius and Klein networks.

To explore the distribution of characteristic frequencies and the propagation properties of eigenmodes in topological networks at the zero-energy level, we design optical waveguide networks with two typical topologies: Möbius network and Klein network, inspired by the Möbius strip and Klein bottle, respectively. We investigate the degeneracy at characteristic frequencies and the propagation properties of the eigenmodes of these networks, both theoretically and experimentally. We discovered an intriguing eigenpropagation in the Möbius network and multiple degenerate eigenmodes in the Klein network, analyzing the propagation characteristics and distribution patterns of electromagnetic waves within them.