Near complete assembly of Pyricularia penniseti infecting Cenchrus grass identified its eight core chromosomes.

Fungi from the Pyricularia genus cause blast disease in many economically important crops and grasses, such as wheat, rice, and Cenchrus grass JUJUNCAO. Structure variation associated with the gain and loss of effectors contributes largely to the adaptive evolution of this fungus towards diverse host plants. A telomere-to-telomere genome assembly would facilitate the identification of genome-wide structural variations through comparative genomics.

Vacuolar recruitment of retromer by a SNARE complex enables infection-related trafficking in rice blast.

The retromer complex is a conserved sorting machinery that maintains cellular protein homeostasis by transporting vesicles containing cargo proteins to defined destinations. It is known to sort proteins at the vacuole membranes for retrograde trafficking, preventing their degradation in the vacuole. However, the detailed mechanism of retromer recruitment to the vacuole membrane has not yet been elucidated.

Restoring brain health: Electroacupuncture at GB20 and LR3 for migraine mitigation through mitochondrial restoration.

Background: Electroacupuncture (EA) is a promising alternative therapy for migraine, with mitochondrial dysfunction hypothesized as a pivotal mechanism in migraine pathophysiology. This research endeavors to investigate the therapeutic potential of EA in addressing migraines and shed light on the associated mechanisms linked to mitochondrial anomalies.

Materials And Methods: Migraine in rats was induced by 10 mg/kg nitroglycerin, followed by 2/15 Hz EA treatment at GB20 and LR3.

Two distinct SNARE complexes mediate vesicle fusion with the plasma membrane to ensure effective development and pathogenesis of Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. cubense.

SNAREs (soluble N-ethylmaleimide-sensitive factor attachment protein receptors) facilitate docking and fusion of vesicles with their target membranes, playing a crucial role in vesicle trafficking and exocytosis. However, the spatial assembly and roles of plasma membrane (PM)-associated SNAREs in phytopathogen development and pathogenicity are not clearly understood. In this study, we analysed the roles and molecular mechanisms of PM-associated SNARE complexes in the banana Fusarium wilt fungus Fusarium oxysporum f.

Tunable Optical Display of Multilayer Graphene through Lithium Intercalation.

The tunable optical display is vital for many application fields in telecommunications, sensors, and military devices. However, most optical materials have a strong wavelength dependence, which limits their spectral operation range. In this work, we develop an electrically reconfigurable optical medium based on graphene, demonstrating a cycle-controlled display covering the electromagnetic spectrum from the visible to the infrared wavelength.

Research on elderly users' intentions to accept wearable devices based on the improved UTAUT model.

Introduction: As the proportion of the world's elderly population continues to increase, wearable devices can provide ideas for solving a series of problems caused by population aging. Therefore, it is of great significance for the development of intelligent elderly care and the improvement of the quality of elderly care services to explore the factors that influence the intention of elderly users to accept wearable devices.

Methods: An improved unified theory of acceptance and use of technology (UTAUT) model is constructed from the perspective of elderly individuals, and new parameters are added, including four factors related to wearable devices, including performance expectancy, perceived cost, hedonic value and aesthetic appeal, and three factors related to elderly individuals, including personal physiological conditions, health anxiety and personal innovativeness in information technology.

A Review on Microstructural Formations of Discontinuous Fiber-Reinforced Polymer Composites Prepared via Material Extrusion Additive Manufacturing: Fiber Orientation, Fiber Attrition, and Micro-Voids Distribution.

A discontinuous fiber-reinforced polymer composite (DFRPC) provides superior mechanical performances in material extrusion additive manufacturing (MEAM) parts, and thus promotes their implementations in engineering applications. However, the process-induced structural defects of DFRPCs increase the probability of pre-mature failures as the manufactured parts experience complicated external loads. In light of this, the meso-structures of the MEAM parts have been discussed previously, while systematic analyses reviewing the studies of the micro-structural formations of the composites are limited.

A Novel Multi-Stage Residual Feature Fusion Network for Detection of COVID-19 in Chest X-Ray Images.

To suppress the spread of COVID-19, accurate diagnosis at an early stage is crucial, chest screening with radiography imaging plays an important role in addition to the real-time reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) swab test. Due to the limited data, existing models suffer from incapable feature extraction and poor network convergence and optimization. Accordingly, a multi-stage residual network, MSRCovXNet, is proposed for effective detection of COVID-19 from chest x-ray (CXR) images.

The effect of miR-138 on the proliferation and apoptosis of breast cancer cells through the NF-κB/VEGF signaling pathway.

The analyze the effect of miR-138 on the proliferation and apoptosis of breast cancer cells through the NF-κB/VEGF signaling pathway is the Objective of this experiment. For this aim, the endometrial stem breast cancer cell line MCF-7 was cultured in vitro, and the overexpression mimic miR-138 mimics and the inhibitor anti-miR-138 were transfected into the endometrial stem breast cancer cell line MCF-7, which was set to overexpress miR-138 group and interfere with miR-138, and set up negative control of overexpression and negative control of inhibitor. Observe the cell proliferation and apoptosis ability of each group, and the changes in tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), interleukin 1β, 6, 18 (IL-1β, IL-6, IL-18) levels, and compare the Bax of each group, NF-κB, VEGF protein expression level.

STIM2 promotes the invasion and metastasis of breast cancer cells through the NFAT1/TGF-β1 pathway.

A large amount of evidence indicates that the abnormal activation of multiple signal transduction pathways in cells is closely related to the occurrence and development of tumors. TGF-β and NFAT1 signaling pathways can inhibit cell proliferation and promote apoptosis in the early stage of breast cancer, but with the increase of tumor malignancy, the two appear to promote tumor progression and deterioration. Therefore, the study of the relationship between STIM2 and NFAT1/TGF-β1 is helpful for the discovery and treatment of breast cancer, which is of great significance for improving the survival rate of breast cancer patients.

SC2Net: A Novel Segmentation-Based Classification Network for Detection of COVID-19 in Chest X-Ray Images.

The pandemic of COVID-19 has become a global crisis in public health, which has led to a massive number of deaths and severe economic degradation. To suppress the spread of COVID-19, accurate diagnosis at an early stage is crucial. As the popularly used real-time reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) swab test can be lengthy and inaccurate, chest screening with radiography imaging is still preferred.

Aspartate Transaminase AST2 Involved in Sporulation and Necrotrophic Pathogenesis in the Hemibiotrophs and .

Aspartate family includes five additional amino acids other than aspartate, among which most except aspartate have been reported for their action in pathogenesis by amino acid biosynthesis. However, how aspartate, the initial substrate of this family metabolic pathway, is involved in pathogenesis remains unknown. Here, we focused on aspartate transaminase (AST) that catalyzes transamination reaction between glutamate-aspartate in .

Highly thermostable white-emitting CaZnK(PO):Ce,Dy single-phase phosphor with tunable photoluminescence and energy transfer.

White light-emitting diodes (WLEDs) fabricated with single-phase white phosphor are currently widely used in lighting and displays. Herein, we describe the development of a single-component white-emitting micro-sized powder CaZnK(PO) (CZKP):Ce,Dy with high thermal stability. Theoretical and experimental investigations confirmed that the phosphate CZKP with a whitlockite-like structure was suitable as a phosphor host.

Adaptive Distance-Based Band Hierarchy (ADBH) for Effective Hyperspectral Band Selection.

Band selection has become a significant issue for the efficiency of the hyperspectral image (HSI) processing. Although many unsupervised band selection (UBS) approaches have been developed in the last decades, a flexible and robust method is still lacking. The lack of proper understanding of the HSI data structure has resulted in the inconsistency in the outcome of UBS.

A Novel Prognostic Signature of Transcription Factors for the Prediction in Patients With GBM.

: Although the diagnosis and treatment of glioblastoma (GBM) is significantly improved with recent progresses, there is still a large heterogeneity in therapeutic effects and overall survival. The aim of this study is to analyze gene expressions of transcription factors (TFs) in GBM so as to discover new tumor markers. : Differentially expressed TFs are identified by data mining using public databases.

Lysophosphatidic Acid Up-Regulates Hexokinase II and Glycolysis to Promote Proliferation of Ovarian Cancer Cells.

Lysophosphatidic acid (LPA), a blood-borne lipid mediator, is present in elevated concentrations in ascites of ovarian cancer patients and other malignant effusions. LPA is a potent mitogen in cancer cells. The mechanism linking LPA signal to cancer cell proliferation is not well understood.

TomoTherapy MLC verification using exit detector data.

Purpose: Treatment delivery verification (DV) is important in the field of intensity modulated radiation therapy (IMRT). While IMRT and image guided radiation therapy (IGRT), allow us to create more conformal plans and enables the use of tighter margins, an erroneously executed plan can have detrimental effects on the treatment outcome. The purpose of this study is to develop a DV technique to verify TomoTherapy's multileaf collimator (MLC) using the onboard mega-voltage CT detectors.