Bacteroides uniformis ameliorates pro-inflammatory diet-exacerbated colitis by targeting endoplasmic reticulum stress-mediated ferroptosis.

Introduction: A pro-inflammatory diet is positively associated with the risk and progression of inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD). Recently, ferroptosis has been observed in patients with different dietary patterns-associated intestinal inflammation, while the mechanisms underlying the effects of a pro-inflammatory diet and whether it mediates ferroptosis are unknown.

Objectives: This study aims to elucidate the mechanisms underlying pro-inflammatory diet-mediated colitis and explore potential intervention strategies.

Dynamic alterations in metabolomics and transcriptomics associated with intestinal fibrosis in a 2,4,6-trinitrobenzene sulfonic acid-induced murine model.

Background & Aims: Intestinal fibrosis is a common and severe complication of inflammatory bowel disease without clear pathogenesis. Abnormal expression of host genes and metabolic perturbations might associate with the onset of intestinal fibrosis. In this study, we aimed to investigate the relationship between the development of intestinal fibrosis and the dynamic alterations in both fecal metabolites and host gene expression.

Gut Microbiome-Generated Phenylacetylglutamine from Dietary Protein is Associated with Crohn's Disease and Exacerbates Colitis in Mouse Model Possibly via Platelet Activation.

Objectives: Our aims were to better understand the interplay of diet and gut microbiota in Crohn's disease [CD], taking advantage of a new-onset treatment-naïve CD cohort. We focus on phenylacetylglutamine [PAGln], a diet-derived meta-organismal prothrombotic metabolite.

Design: We collected faecal and serum samples from a CD cohort [n = 136] and healthy controls [n = 126] prior to treatment, and quantified serum PAGln using LC-MS/MS.

Development and Validation of Prognostic Nomograms Based on Lymph Node Ratio for Young Patients with Gastric Cancer: A SEER-Based Study.

Purpose: To investigate the role of lymph node ratio (LNR) in young patients with gastric cancer (GC) and develop nomograms to predict the survival of young GC patients.

Methods: This retrospective study enrolled stage I-III GC patients before the age of 40 between 2010 and 2016 from the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) database. Cox proportional hazards models were used to determine the prognosticators and create the nomograms incorporating LNR to predict overall survival (OS) and cancer-specific survival (CSS).

Food Additives Associated with Gut Microbiota Alterations in Inflammatory Bowel Disease: Friends or Enemies?

During the 21st century, the incidence and prevalence of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is rising globally. Despite the pathogenesis of IBD remaining largely unclear, the interactions between environmental exposure, host genetics and immune response contribute to the occurrence and development of this disease. Growing evidence implicates that food additives might be closely related to IBD, but the involved molecular mechanisms are still poorly understood.

Dietary inflammatory potential mediated gut microbiota and metabolite alterations in Crohn's disease: A fire-new perspective.

Background & Aims: Pro-inflammatory diet interacting with gut microbiome might trigger for Crohn's disease (CD). We aimed to investigate the relationship between dietary inflammatory potential and microflora/metabolites change and their link with CD.

Methods: The dietary inflammatory potential was assessed using a dietary inflammatory index (DII) based on the Food Frequency Questionnaire from 150 new-onset CD patients and 285 healthy controls (HCs).

Systematic review with meta-analysis: environmental and dietary differences of inflammatory bowel disease in Eastern and Western populations.

Background: While the incidence of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) has stabilised in the West, it is still increasing in several newly industrialised countries.

Aims: To investigate whether the environmental and dietary risk factors for IBD differ between Eastern and Western populations METHODS: We systematically searched PubMed, Embase, and Web of Science for studies published from inception through June 30, 2020. Data were pooled using a random effects model.

Index-Based Dietary Patterns and Inflammatory Bowel Disease: A Systematic Review of Observational Studies.

Diet is one of the most critical factors for inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). A whole dietary pattern should be considered when doing nutrient-based research to preserve the potential for synergism between nutrients. Dietary indices are important tools to evaluate diet quality, and we investigated the associations of it with IBD.

Gut Microbiota Profile in Pediatric Patients With Inflammatory Bowel Disease: A Systematic Review.

Accumulating evidence have implicated gut microbiota alterations in pediatric and adult patients with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD); however, the results of different studies are often inconsistent and even contradictory. It is believed that early changes in new-onset and treatment-naïve pediatric patients are more informative. We performed a systematic review to investigate the gut microbiota profiles in pediatric IBD and identify specific microbiota biomarkers associated with this disorder.

Gut Microbiota Profiles and Microbial-Based Therapies in Post-operative Crohn's Disease: A Systematic Review.

Gut microbiota recolonization after intestinal resection had been reported to be associated with post-operative recurrence in Crohn's disease (CD). However, the results of different studies are inconsistent and even contradictory. In addition, knowledge on the efficacy of microbial-based therapies in preventing post-operative recurrence of CD is limited.

Alterations in short-chain fatty acids and serotonin in irritable bowel syndrome: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Background: Short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) and serotonin (5-hydroxytryptamine, 5-HT) may be associated with the pathogenesis of irritable bowel syndrome (IBS). There are some reports of alterations in SCFAs and 5-HT in IBS, but their results are inconsistent. We aimed to perform a meta-analysis to assess alterations in SCFAs and 5-HT in IBS patients and their potential role in the abnormal brain-gut-microbiota (BGM) axis.

Alterations in Bile Acid Metabolism Associated With Inflammatory Bowel Disease.

Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is a chronic relapsing inflammatory disorder closely related to gut dysbiosis, which is associated with alterations in an important bacterial metabolite, bile acids (BAs). Although certain findings pertinent to BA changes in IBD vary among studies owing to the differences in sample type, quantitated BA species, study methodology, and patient characteristics, a specific trend concerning variations of BAs in IBD has been identified. In elaborating on this observation, it was noted that primary BAs and conjugated BAs are augmented in fecal samples but there is a reduction in secondary BAs in fecal samples.

DNA Damage-Regulated Autophagy Modulator 1 (DRAM1) Mediates Autophagy and Apoptosis of Intestinal Epithelial Cells in Inflammatory Bowel Disease.

Background And Aims: DNA damage-regulated autophagy modulator 1 (DRAM1) is required for induction of autophagy and apoptosis. However, the influence of DRAM1 on the pathogenesis of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) has not been explored.

Methods: DRAM1 expression was examined in the intestinal mucosa of patients with IBD and colons of colitis mice.

Fecal Microbiota Alterations Associated With Clinical and Endoscopic Response to Infliximab Therapy in Crohn's Disease.

Background: Gut microbiota dysbiosis is associated with the occurrence and development of Crohn disease (CD). Currently, infliximab (IFX) is used more and more to treat CD; however, gut microbiota alterations during IFX therapy are variable and sometimes even contradictory. We longitudinally identified microbial changes during IFX therapy associated with the clinical and endoscopic response to IFX treatment in CD.

Short-course Rifaximin therapy efficacy and lactulose hydrogen breath test in Chinese patients with diarrhea-predominant irritable bowel syndrome.

Background: Gut microbiota alterations including small intestinal bacterial overgrowth (SIBO) might play a role in pathogenesis of irritable bowel syndrome (IBS). Rifaximin could effectively and safely improve IBS symptoms. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of rifaximin on Gastrointestinal (GI) symptoms, quality of life (QOL) and SIBO eradication in Chinese IBS-D patients.

The propionic acid and butyric acid in serum but not in feces are increased in patients with diarrhea-predominant irritable bowel syndrome.

Background: Short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) alteration have been reported in irritable bowel syndrome (IBS), but the results are conflicting. Our study aims to explore the alteration of SCFAs in patients with diarrhea-predominant IBS (IBS-D) and their potential role in the occurrence and development of IBS.

Methods: We recruited patients with IBS-D defined by Rome IV criteria and age-and-gender matched healthy controls (HCs).

Fecal Microbiota Alterations Associated With Diarrhea-Predominant Irritable Bowel Syndrome.

Altered gut microbiota are assumed to be involved in the pathogenesis of irritable bowel syndrome (IBS). However, gut microbiota alterations reported in different studies are divergent and sometimes even contradictory. To better elucidate the relationship between altered gut microbiota and IBS, we characterized fecal microbiota of diarrhea-predominant IBS (IBS-D) patients and further explored the effect of rifaximin on gut microbiota using bacterial 16S rRNA gene-targeted pyrosequencing.