Phased T2T genome assemblies facilitate the mining of disease-resistance genes in .

Grape is an important fruit crop, and its production faces significant threat from diseases, resulting in substantial economic loss. Wild grape relatives are valuable resources for the restoration of disease-resistance loci. However, available resistance loci in wild grape genomes remain largely unexplored.

AND-Gate Logic Förster Resonance Energy Transfer/Magnetic Resonance Tuning Nanoprobe for Programmable Antitumor Immunity Imaging.

Simultaneous detection of different biomarkers related to the spatiotemporally dynamic immune events is of particular importance for the accurate evaluation of antitumor immune effects. Here, we have developed an AND-gate logic dual resonance energy transfer nanoprobe (named DRET) for dynamic monitoring of programmed CD8 T cell activation and tumor cell apoptosis. Immunotherapy-induced granzyme B secretion from CD8 T cells and the subsequent caspase-3 release from apoptotic tumor cells individually activate one of the tiers of the "AND-gate" logic DRET.

Grapevine pangenome facilitates trait genetics and genomic breeding.

Grapevine breeding is hindered by a limited understanding of the genetic basis of complex agronomic traits. This study constructs a graph-based pangenome reference (Grapepan v.1.

Manipulation of juvenile hormone signaling by the fire blight pathogen Erwinia amylovora mediates fecundity enhancement of pear psylla.

Background: In nature, plant pathogens often rely on insect vectors for transmission. Through long-term evolution, plant pathogens and insect vectors have established a mutually beneficial symbiotic relationship. Fire blight, caused by the Gram-negative bacterium Erwinia amylovora (Eam), poses a significant global threat to apple and pear production due to its rapid dissemination among host plants of the Rosaceae family.

Integrative genomics reveals the polygenic basis of seedlessness in grapevine.

Seedlessness is a crucial quality trait in table grape (Vitis vinifera L.) breeding. However, the development of seeds involved intricate regulations, and the polygenic basis of seed abortion remains unclear.

Towards Design Automation of Microfluidic Mixers: Leveraging Reinforcement Learning and Artificial Neural Networks.

Microfluidic mixers, a pivotal application of microfluidic technology, are primarily utilized for the rapid amalgamation of diverse samples within microscale devices. Given the intricacy of their design processes and the substantial expertise required from designers, the intelligent automation of microfluidic mixer design has garnered significant attention. This paper discusses an approach that integrates artificial neural networks (ANNs) with reinforcement learning techniques to automate the dimensional parameter design of microfluidic mixers.

Integrated Lactylome Characterization Reveals the Molecular Dynamics of Protein Regulation in Gastrointestinal Cancers.

Lysine lactylation (Kla) plays a vital role in several physiological processes. However, the cancer-specific modulation of Kla in gastrointestinal (GI) tumors requires systematic elucidation. Here, global lactylome profiling of cancerous and adjacent tissues is conducted from 40 patients with GI cancer and identified 11698 Kla sites.

Identification of CaPCR1, an OFP gene likely involved in pointed versus concave fruit tip regulation in pepper (Capsicum annuum L.) using recombinant inbred lines.

CaPCR1 (Capana12g002165) was a candidate gene regulating fruit concave/pointed tip shape in pepper. The concave shape of the fruit tip in pepper plants is highly susceptible to drought and low temperature stresses, resulting in the appearance of a pointed tip fruit, which affects its commercial value. However, few studies on the process of fruit tip development and regulatory genes in pepper have been reported.

Phased telomere-to-telomere reference genome and pangenome reveal an expansion of resistance genes during apple domestication.

The cultivated apple (Malus domestica Borkh.) is a cross-pollinated perennial fruit tree of great economic importance. Earlier versions of apple reference genomes were unphased, fragmented, and lacked comprehensive insights into the apple's highly heterozygous genome, which impeded advances in genetic studies and breeding programs.

A universal inverse design methodology for microfluidic mixers.

The intelligent design of microfluidic mixers encompasses both the automation of predicting fluid performance and the structural design of mixers. This article delves into the technical trajectory of computer-aided design for micromixers, leveraging artificial intelligence algorithms. We propose an automated micromixer design methodology rooted in cost-effective artificial neural network (ANN) models paired with inverse design algorithms.

Comparative study of clinical reasoning competence and self-directed learning competence in nurses across varied years of experience.

Objectives: To compare and analyse the differences in the clinical reasoning competence of nurses with different working years and their relationship with self-directed learning competence.

Methods: A cross-sectional survey design (online investigation) was used. A total of 376 nurses were recruited from four independent hospitals in China.

Carbon dioxide emissions and environmental risks: Long term and short term.

The world is currently experiencing the environmental challenge of global warming, necessitating careful planning of carbon dioxide (CO ) emissions to deal with this problem. This study examines the environmental challenge posed by CO emissions from both a long and short-term perspective. In the long term, despite efforts made by countries, our change-point detection analysis shows that there has been no structural change in CO emissions since 1950.

Automated design of a 3D passive microfluidic particle sorter.

Microfluidic chips that can sort mixtures of cells and other particles have important applications in research and healthcare. However, designing a sorter chip for a given application is a slow and difficult process, especially when we extend the design space from 2D into a 3D scenario. Compared to the 2D scenario, we need to explore more geometries to derive the appropriate design due to the extra dimension.

Targeting succinylation-mediated metabolic reprogramming as a potential approach for cancer therapy.

Metabolic reprogramming is a common hallmark of cancers and involves alterations in many metabolic pathways during tumor initiation and progression. However, the cancer-specific modulation of metabolic reprogramming requires further elucidation. Succinylation, a newly identified protein posttranslational modification (PTM), participates in many cellular processes by transferring a succinyl group to a residue of the target protein, which is related to various pathological disorders including cancers.

Acid-Resistant Near-Infrared II AgSe Quantum Dots for Gastrointestinal Imaging.

With the development of near-infrared II (NIR-II) fluorescence imaging, AgSe quantum dots (QDs) have become promising label candidates due to their negligible toxicity and narrow band gap. Despite their potential for gastrointestinal (GI) imaging, the application of AgSe QDs still presents significant challenges due to issues such as fluorescence extinction or poor stability in the complex digestive microenvironment. Herein, we have proposed a novel approach to the continuous production of Se precursors using glutathione (GSH) as the reductant under acidic conditions, realizing the continuous growth of water-dispersible AgSe QDs.

The relationship between nurses' social network degree centrality and organizational citizenship behavior: The multiple mediating effects of job satisfaction and work engagement.

Background: In nursing care organizations, nurses' social networks affect their behavior and play an important role in nursing practice. This study aimed to explore the relationships among social network degree centrality, job satisfaction, work engagement and organizational citizenship behavior (OCB) among nurses.

Methods: A cross-sectional survey design (one-on-one investigation) was used.

Leaf mechanical properties as potential predictors of leaf-litter decomposability.

The mechanical resistance of plant leaves to herbivores and physical disturbances have a lasting legacy impact on leaf-litter decomposition rates and nutrient leaching. However, in the past, leaf mechanics were seldom considered as key factors in regulating ecological processes related to leaf-litter decomposition. In this paper, we explored the physical strength traits of leaves, which are essential components of plant functional traits.

The relationship between resilience and quality of life in advanced cancer survivors: multiple mediating effects of social support and spirituality.

Background: While previous studies have revealed a positive association between resilience and quality of life in advanced cancer survivors, the mechanisms of the relationship is still unclear. This study aimed to explore the relationships between resilience, social support, spirituality, and quality of life and determine the multiple mediation effects of social support and spirituality on the relationship between resilience and quality of life.

Methods: With 286 advanced cancer survivors, a cross-sectional, correlational survey was adopted using convenience sampling.

Factors related to the quality of life of family cancer caregivers.

Background: Cancer caregivers directly affect patient health outcomes. To maintain the function and health of caregivers so that patients can receive efficient care, we must pay more attention to caregivers' quality of life in the process of caring for patients. However, the factors influencing caregivers' quality of life are complex.

Lipid metabolism reprogramming of CD8 T cell and therapeutic implications in cancer.

Effector, memory and exhaustion are three phenotypes of CD8 T cell. In tumor microenvironment (TME), metabolism dysfunction of the three should take the blame for immune escape. Against background of CD8 T cell in normal development, multiple determinants in TME, including nutrition competition, PD-1 signals and other cancer - CD8 T cell interactions, cause metabolism reprograming, including failure in energy metabolism and other abnormal lipid metabolism.

Enhanced Proliferation of Visualizable Mesenchymal Stem Cell-Platelet Hybrid Cell for Versatile Intracerebral Hemorrhage Treatment.

The intrinsic features and functions of platelets and mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) indicate their great potential in the treatment of intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH). However, neither of them can completely overcome ICH because of the stealth process and the complex pathology of ICH. Here, we fabricate hybrid cells for versatile and highly efficient ICH therapy by fusing MSCs with platelets and loading with lysophosphatidic acid-modified PbS quantum dots (LPA-QDs).

[Co-occurrence of Tetracycline Antibiotic Resistance Genes and Microbial Communities in Plateau Wetlands Under the Influence of Human Activities].

The widespread use of antibiotics has led to a large number of antibiotics entering the environment, to which microorganisms have become resistant. In recent years, with the intensification of human activities in the plateau region, the occurrence and migration of antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs) in plateau wetlands have attracted considerable attention. Here, we selected the Caohai National Wetland Park, located in the Yunnan-Guizhou Plateau, as our study area.

ANN-Based Instantaneous Simulation of Particle Trajectories in Microfluidics.

Microfluidics has shown great potential in cell analysis, where the flowing path in the microfluidic device is important for the final study results. However, the design process is time-consuming and labor-intensive. Therefore, we proposed an ANN method with three dense layers to analyze particle trajectories at the critical intersections and then put them together with the particle trajectories in straight channels.

Machine-Learning-Enabled Design and Manipulation of a Microfluidic Concentration Gradient Generator.

Microfluidics concentration gradient generators have been widely applied in chemical and biological fields. However, the current gradient generators still have some limitations. In this work, we presented a microfluidic concentration gradient generator with its corresponding manipulation process to generate an arbitrary concentration gradient.