Risk factors and molecular epidemiology of colonizing carbapenem-resistant Enterobacterales in pediatric inpatient in Shenzhen, China.

Objectives: The spread of CRE has been rapid on a global scale and represents a significant challenge in nosocomial infections worldwide. The aim is to evaluate the risk factors for CRE colonization and to describe the molecular and clinical characteristics of CRE colonization in pediatric inpatients in Shenzhen, China.

Methods: We collected stool specimens from 2474 randomly selected pediatric inpatient hospitalized in 2 pediatric hospitals in Shenzhen between January 2023 and December 2023 for subsequent microbiological analysis, including microbial culture, species identification, antimicrobial sensitivity testing, genetic characterization and multilocus sequence typing (MLST).

Neutrophil-activating protein in spores inhibits casein allergy via TLR2 signaling.

Background: Milk allergy commonly occurs in children, mainly caused by bovine-derived casein (CAS) protein. Neutrophil-activating protein (NAP) of plays an immunomodulatory role with potential to suppress Th2-type immune responses. () spores are commonly used as oral vectors for drug delivery.

Distribution of disinfectant resistant genes in mcr-1-carrying Escherichia coli isolated from children in southern China.

Background: Colistin, a polymyxin antibiotic, serves as a crucial defense against multidrug-resistant gram-negative bacteria, despite its nephrotoxicity. However, the plasmid-mediated mobilization of the polymyxin resistance gene, mcr-1, presents a significant public health threat. The widespread use of disinfectants has resulted in Escherichia coli (E.

UGT1A1 and BLVRA allele and genotype variants in neonatal patients with hyperbilirubinemia in southern China.

We explore the allele and genotype distribution of UGT1A1 and BLVRA variants in individuals affected by neonatal hyperbilirubinemia in southern China. Blood specimens were collected from 240 neonates: 126 cases of hyperbilirubinemia and 114 healthy controls. Serum levels of total protein, albumin, bilirubin (total and direct), urea nitrogen, creatinine, and other biochemical parameters were quantified using a biochemical analyzer.

Selective production of IL-33-neutralizing autoantibody ameliorates asthma responses and severity.

Background: Natural anti-cytokine autoantibodies can regulate homeostasis of infectious and inflammatory diseases. The anti-cytokine autoantibody profile and relevance to the pathogenesis of asthma are unknown. We aim to identify key anti-cytokine autoantibodies in asthma patients, and reveal their immunological function and clinical significance.

Biomimetic lizard robot for adapting to Martian surface terrain.

The exploration of the planet Mars still is a top priority in planetary science. The Mars surface is extensively covered with soil-like material. Current wheeled rovers on Mars have been occasionally experiencing immobilization instances in unexpectedly weak terrains.

Molecular characterisation of Staphylococcus aureus in school-age children in Guangzhou: associations among agr types, virulence genes, sequence types, and antibiotic resistant phenotypes.

Background: Staphylococcus aureus, one of the most prevalent opportunistic pathogens, mainly colonizes the nasal cavity and is a risk factor for severe infections. Virulence factors and accessory gene regulator (agr) are key to the severity and diversity of staphylococcal infection. In this study, we aimed to characterise S.

Clinical and molecular epidemiology of carbapenem-resistant Enterobacteriaceae in pediatric inpatients in South China.

This study assessed the clinical and molecular epidemiology of carbapenem-resistant Enterobacteriaceae in pediatric inpatients at three hospitals in South China by means of screening stool samples for carbapenem-resistant genes and a nested case-control study to determine risk factors for carriage of carbapenem-resistant Enterobacteriaceae. Of 4,033 fecal samples screened, 158 (3.92%) were positive for CRE, including (51.

Molecular characterization of Clostridium perfringens isolates from a tertiary children's hospital in Guangzhou, China, establishing an association between bacterial colonization and food allergies in infants.

Background: Cow's milk protein allergy (CMPA) is one of the most common types of food allergy in infants. Faecal pathogen cultures showed that the positive rate of Clostridium perfringens was more than 30%, which was significantly higher than that for other bacteria. Therefore, it is speculated that Clostridium perfringens colonization may be one of the pathogenetic factors for CMPA in infants.

Fecal carriage and molecular epidemiology of mcr-1-harboring Escherichia coli from children in southern China.

Background: The increase of multidrug-resistant Enterobacteriaceae bacteria has led to the reintroduction of colistin for clinical treatments, and colistin has become a last resort for infections caused by multidrug-resistant bacteria. Enterobacteriaceae bacteria carrying the mcr-1 gene are majorly related to colistin resistance, which may be the main reason for the continued increase in the colistin resistance rate of Enterobacteriaceae. The study aimed to investigate the sequence type and prevalence of Escherichia coli (E.

Development of a Lizard-Inspired Robot for Mars Surface Exploration.

Exploring Mars is beneficial to increasing our knowledge, understanding the possibility of ancient microbial life there, and discovering new resources beyond the Earth to prepare for future human missions to Mars. To assist ambitious uncrewed missions to Mars, specific types of planetary rovers have been developed for performing tasks on Mars' surface. Due to the fact that the surface is composed of granular soils and rocks of various sizes, contemporary rovers can have difficulties in moving on soft soils and climbing over rocks.

Distribution of Biocide Resistance Genes and Association with Clonal Complex Genotypes in Isolated from School-Age Children in Guangzhou.

Purpose: Chlorhexidine and mupirocin are often prescribed to children in affected communities to prevent colonization and transmission of , but this has led to an increasing rate of biocide resistance. In this study, we aimed to determine the distribution of biocide resistance genes among isolates from school-age children in Guangzhou, investigate chlorhexidine gluconate and mupirocin susceptibility and clonal complex (CC) genotypes in strains carrying biocide-resistance genes, and further explore the role of biofilms in this resistance.

Patients And Methods: Antibiotic resistance and multilocus sequence genotyping were performed on 722 isolates from previous study.

Genomic Basis of Occurrence of Cryptic Resistance among Oxacillin- and Cefoxitin-Susceptible -Positive Staphylococcus aureus.

The oxacillin- and cefoxitin-susceptible -positive Staphylococcus aureus is a novel "stealth" methicillin-resistant S. aureus (MRSA) type. Here, we sequenced the whole genome of two oxacillin- and cefoxitin-susceptible -positive MRSA isolates from breast abscesses in a lactating woman and a nasal swab of a healthy student in Guangzhou for investigating the mechanism underlying its occurrence.

Inhibition of Galectin-3 Impairs Antifungal Immune Response in Fungal Keratitis.

Galectin-3 is one of the galectin family members which are master regulators of immune homeostasis, especially in infectious diseases. However, its mechanism of immune regulation in fungal keratitis has not been thoroughly studied. Our study is aimed at clarifying the role of galectin-3 in the fungal keratitis mouse model in vivo, thereby providing a new biomarker of antifungal therapy.

Active Surveillance, Drug Resistance, and Genotypic Profiling of Among School-Age Children in China.

Methicillin-susceptible (MSSA) and methicillin-resistant (MRSA) nasal colonization predisposes individuals for endogenous infections and is a major threat to children. Recently, oxacillin/cefoxitin-susceptible -positive (OS-MRSA) has been reported worldwide. Herein, a prospective, cross-sectional study was conducted across five schools, representing three educational stages, in Guangzhou, China.

Oral administration of recombinant Bacillus subtilis spores expressing mutant staphylococcal enterotoxin B provides potent protection against lethal enterotoxin challenge.

Pathogenicity of Staphylococcus aureus is induced by staphylococcal enterotoxin B (SEB). A mutant form of SEB (mSEB) is immunogenic as well as less toxic. Recombinant mSEB and SEB were expressed in pET28a prokaryotic plasmids.

Reference values and the effect of clinical parameters on thyroid hormone levels during early pregnancy.

Objective: Thyroid dysfunction is a common endocrine problem during pregnancy; correct diagnosis and appropriate treatments are essential to avoid adverse pregnancy outcomes. Besides, it is vital to identify and quantify the major risk factors for gestational thyroid dysfunction, including thyroid autoimmunity, human chorionic gonadotropin (HCG) concentration, body mass index (BMI) and parity. The study objective was to establish reference ranges during early pregnancy and to explore the relationship between risk factors and thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH), free thyroxine (FT4) and free triiodothyroxine (FT3).

Prevalence, Characterization, and Drug Resistance of in Feces From Pediatric Patients in Guangzhou, China.

() is a major pathogen of human infections. Its fecal carriage serves as a risk factor for nosocomial transmission and disease development. However, the rate of fecal carriage among Chinese children has not yet been reported.

The Genomic Context for the Evolution and Transmission of Community-Associated ST59 Through the Food Chain.

Sequence type 59 (ST59) is a predominant clonal lineage of community-acquired, methicillin-resistant (CA-MRSA) in Asia. Despite its increasing clinical relevance in China, the evolution and geographic expansion of ST59 has been relatively uncared for. Previous study has shown that ST59 was the predominant clone in food-related MRSA in China.

Oral administration of recombinant Bacillus subtilis spores expressing Helicobacter pylori neutrophil-activating protein suppresses peanut allergy via up-regulation of Tregs.

Background: Helicobacter pylori neutrophil-activating protein (NAP) is an immune modulator with anti-Th2 inflammation activity that can be used to prevent IgE-mediated allergic reactions. Cholera toxin B (CTB) is a mucosal adjuvant that can induce antigen tolerance. Bacillus subtilis spores are an ideal vehicle for the oral delivery of heterologous antigens.