The impact of natural spices additions on hazards development and quality control in roast beef patties.

The current focus in thermally processed meat production is to reduce the presence of hazardous compounds while maintaining product quality. This study utilized UPLC-MS/MS to examine the effects of rosemary, turmeric, and bay leaf on the development of hazards in roast beef patties, which demonstrated simultaneous inhibitory effects on malondialdehyde, glyoxal, methylglyoxal, 12 heterocyclic aromatic amines, acrylamide, and 5-hydroxymethylfurfural. Correlation analysis revealed that the total phenolic content and ferric-reducing antioxidant power of the spices were negatively correlated with polar hazards, non-polar heterocyclic aromatic amines, and aldehyde hazards, respectively.

The effect of lactulose thermal degradation products on β-lactoglobulin: Linear-, loop-, and cross-link structural modifications and reduced digestibility.

The thermal degradation products of lactulose and the interaction between lactulose and β-lactoglobulin (βLg) were investigated in a thermal model system. Lactulose was thermally degraded into fructose and galactose, which were further degraded into methylglyoxal, glyoxal, 3-deoxyglucosone, and 2, 3-butanedione via heating. After incubating with lactulose, the structure of βLg was changed, which manifested by the formation of new band with doubled the molecular weight of βLg in the mobility spectrum and the changes in the internal fluorescence spectrum.

Ozone-Microbubble-Washing with Domestic Equipment: Effects on the Microstructure, and Lipid and Protein Oxidation of Muscle Foods.

This study aimed to compare ozone-microbubble-washing (OM) performed by domestic equipment with conventional water-washing (CW) regarding resultant quality attributes of muscle foods. For this purpose, muscle microstructure and lipid and protein oxidation were evaluated in pork and fish samples after OM and CW treatments. The assessment of muscle microstructure showed that OM treatment did not damage the microstructure of muscle fibers in both pork and fish samples.

The Effect of Microwave Baking Conditions on the Quality of Biscuits and the Control of Thermal Processing Hazards in the Maillard Reaction.

To reduce thermal processing hazards (TPHs), microwave baking has been extensively used in food thermal processing. In this study, the influence of microwave power and microwave time on the formation of TPHs and their precursors was explored in microwave-baked biscuits. The results indicated that the content of acrylamide, 5-hydroxymethylfurfural, methylglyoxal, and 3-deoxyglucosone increased linearly with the extension of microwave time (2, 2.

Ameliorative Effect of Dietary Tryptophan on Neurodegeneration and Inflammation in d-Galactose-Induced Aging Mice with the Potential Mechanism Relying on AMPK/SIRT1/PGC-1α Pathway and Gut Microbiota.

Dietary tryptophan affects intestinal homeostasis and neurogenesis, whereas the underlying mechanism and the reciprocal interaction between tryptophan and gut microbiota in aging are unclear. This investigation was performed to determine the effect and mechanism of tryptophan on intestinal- and neuro- health in aging. In present study, the 0.

A review on selective production of value-added chemicals via catalytic pyrolysis of lignocellulosic biomass.

Increasing fossil fuel consumption and global warming has been driving the worldwide revolution towards renewable energy. Biomass is abundant and low-cost resource whereas it requires environmentally friendly and cost-effective conversion technique. Pyrolysis of biomass into valuable bio-oil has attracted much attention in the past decades due to its feasibility and huge commercial outlook.

Integrating pyrolysis and ex-situ catalytic reforming by microwave heating to produce hydrocarbon-rich bio-oil from soybean soapstock.

The composite catalysts were synthesized with SiC powder and ZSM-5 and were characterized by Brunauer-Emmett-Teller, X-ray diffraction, thermogravimetric analysis, pyridine-infrared spectroscopy, and scanning electron microscopy. The catalysts showed a high heating rate and excellent catalytic performance for pyrolysis vapors, and the product fractional distribution and chemical compositions of bio-oil in a tandem system (microwave pyrolysis and microwave ex-situ catalytic reforming) was examined. Experimental results confirmed the quality of bio-oil produced by the microwave-induced catalytic reforming was better than that product through electric heating.

Conversion of woody oil into bio-oil in a downdraft reactor using a novel silicon carbide foam supported MCM41 composite catalyst.

This study reports the synthesis of a SiC-MCM41 composite catalyst by a microwave-assisted hydrothermal process and the composite catalyst had the characteristics of MCM41 and SiC, and the surface of SiC grew evenly with a layer of MCM41 after characterization of the catalysts by various means (X-ray diffraction, Brunauer-Emmett-Teller, scanning electron microscopy). The catalyst was applied in the pyrolysis of waste oil to investigate how it influences the bio-oil component proportion compared with no catalyst, only SiC, only MCM41 catalysis and the catalytic effect was also investigated at different temperatures and different catalyst to feed ratios. In a downdraft system with a pyrolysis temperature of 550 °C, a catalyst to feed ratio of 1 : 2, and a catalytic temperature of 400 °C, 32.

Microwave-assisted co-pyrolysis of lignin and waste oil catalyzed by hierarchical ZSM-5/MCM-41 catalyst to produce aromatic hydrocarbons.

Microwave-assisted catalytic fast co-pyrolysis (MACFP) of lignin and waste oil with SiC as microwave absorbent and hierarchical ZSM-5/MCM-41 as catalyst were implemented in a microwave-induced reactor. ZSM-5/MCM-41 is a kind of composite catalyst with MCM-41 as shell and ZSM as core. The effects of catalyst temperature, the ratio of feedstock-to-catalyst and the ratio of two reactants (lignin and waste oil) on product distribution and yield were studied.

Catalytic co-pyrolysis of Alternanthera philoxeroides and peanut soapstock via a new continuous fast microwave pyrolysis system.

Continuous fast microwave catalytic co-pyrolysis of Alternanthera philoxeroides and peanut soapstock was studied using HZSM-5 as catalyst. The effects of catalyst temperature, feedstock-to-catalyst ratio, and A. philoxeroides-to-peanut soapstock ratio on the yield and composition of bio-oil were studied.

Co-pyrolysis of biomass and soapstock in a downdraft reactor using a novel ZSM-5/SiC composite catalyst.

A ZSM-5/SiC composite catalyst was synthesized and characterized by Brunauer-Emmett-Teller analysis, X-ray diffraction, and scanning electron microscopy in this study. The composite catalyst had the characteristics of ZSM-5 and SiC, and the surface of SiC grew evenly with a layer of ZSM-5. The effect of the composite catalyst on the product distribution and chemical composition in a co-pyrolysis downdraft system was investigated.

Comparative study on characteristics of the bio-oil from microwave-assisted pyrolysis of lignocellulose and triacylglycerol.

Microwave-assisted pyrolysis of Camellia oleifera shell (COS) and stillingia oil (SO) was performed in the temperature range of 400-600 °C. The effects of feedstock and pyrolysis temperatures on product yield and bio-oil composition were discussed in detail. The bio-oil yield from COS pyrolysis varied from 37.

Catalytic fast pyrolysis of torrefied corn cob to aromatic hydrocarbons over Ni-modified hierarchical ZSM-5 catalyst.

Catalytic fast pyrolysis (CFP) of torrefied corn cob using Ni-modified hierarchical ZSM-5 catalyst was conducted in this study. The prepared catalysts were characterized by N adsorption and desorption (N-BET), X-ray diffraction (XRD), and temperature-programmed desorption of NH (NH-TPD). NaOH solution treatment resulted in the lower peak intensities of hierarchical ZSM-5 catalyst in the XRD patterns while Ni modification improved the catalyst framework.

Ex-situ catalytic upgrading of vapors from fast microwave-assisted co-pyrolysis of Chromolaena odorata and soybean soapstock.

Fast microwave-assisted catalytic co-pyrolysis of Chromolaena odorata (C. odorata) and soybean soapstock with HZSM-5 as an ex-situ catalyst was investigated. Effects of catalytic temperature, feedstock: catalyst ratio and C.

Hydrothermal pretreatment of bamboo sawdust using microwave irradiation.

In the present study, the effect of temperature and residence time during microwave hydrothermal pretreatment (MHT) on hydrochar properties and pyrolysis behaviors was investigated. Experimental results indicated that higher heating value (HHV) and fixed carbon content gradually increased with increased pretreatment severity. Obvious reduction of oxygen content was found under MHT at 230°C-15min and 210°C-35min.

Production of bio-oil and biochar from soapstock via microwave-assisted co-catalytic fast pyrolysis.

In this study, production of bio-oil and biochar from soapstock via microwave-assisted co-catalytic fast pyrolysis combining the advantages of in-situ and ex-situ catalysis was performed. The effects of catalyst and pyrolysis temperature on product fractional yields and bio-oil chemical compositions were investigated. From the perspective of bio-oil yield, the optimal pyrolysis temperature was 550°C.