Advances in Heterogeneous Catalysts for Lignin Hydrogenolysis.

Lignin is the main component of lignocellulose and the largest source of aromatic substances on the earth. Biofuel and bio-chemicals derived from lignin can reduce the use of petroleum products. Current advances in lignin catalysis conversion have facilitated many of progress, but understanding the principles of catalyst design is critical to moving the field forward.

Keggin-type Heteropolyacids-Catalyzed Selective Hydrothermal Oxidation of Microalgae for Low Nitrogen Biofuel Production.

Hydrothermal liquefaction (HTL) of microalgae for biofuel production is suffering from low bio-oil yield and high heteroatomic compositions owing to their low efficiency and selectivity to hydrolysis of cellular compounds. Hereby we report Keggin-type (Mo-V-P) heteropolyacids (HPAs)-catalyzed HTL of microalgae for efficient low-nitrogen biocrude production. The increases of reaction temperature, reaction time, and vanadium substitution degrees of HPAs are favorable to biocrude yield initially, whereas a significant decrease of biocrude yield is observed owing to the enhanced oxidation of carbohydrates above the optimum reaction conditions.

Treatment of high-nitrate wastewater mixtures from MnO industry by Chlorella vulgaris.

The aim of this work was to study the biotreatment of mixed wastewaters collected from two points of MnO industry by Chlorella vulgaris. Their growth rates in four mixed wastewaters with mass ratio of wastewater 1:2 of 20:1, 50:1, 100:1, and 200:1 were characterized, and the lag phase was shortened with increase of nitrate concentrations. The N, P, and metal removal kinetics were quantified each other day to evaluate the bio-treatment efficiencies of high-nitrate wastewaters from MnO industry.