Synthesis Principle and Practice with Radioactive Iodines and Astatine: Advances Made So Far.

Radioactive iodines and astatine, possessing distinct exploitable nuclear properties, play indispensable roles in the realms of nuclear imaging and therapy. Their analogous chemical characteristics shape the design, preparation, and substrate range for tracers labeled with these radiohalogens through interconnected radiosynthetic chemistry. This perspective systematically explores the labeling methods by types of halogenating reagents─nucleophilic and electrophilic─underpinning the rational design of such compounds.

[Identification and expression pattern analysis of a secretory phospholipase gene in ].

Phospholipase A2 (PLA2) is widely distributed in animals, plants, and microorganisms, and it plays an important role in many physiological activities. In a previous study, we have identified a secretory PLA2 in (). In this study, we further identified four new genes (, , , and ) in .

TET2 is required to suppress mTORC1 signaling through urea cycle with therapeutic potential.

Tumor development, involving both cell growth (mass accumulation) and cell proliferation, is a complex process governed by the interplay of multiple signaling pathways. TET2 mainly functions as a DNA dioxygenase, which modulates gene expression and biological functions via oxidation of 5mC in DNA, yet whether it plays a role in regulating cell growth remains unknown. Here we show that TET2 suppresses mTORC1 signaling, a major growth controller, to inhibit cell growth and promote autophagy.

Isotope Exchange-Based F-Labeling Methods.

F-Labeling methods for the preparation of F-labeled molecular probes can be classified into electrophilic fluorination, nucleophilic fluorination, metal-F coordination, and F/F isotope exchange. Isotope exchange-based F-labeling methods demonstrate mild conditions featuring water resistance and facile high-performance liquid chromatography-free purification in direct F-labeling of substrates. This paper systematically reviews isotope exchange-based F-labeling methods sorted by the adjacent atom bonding with F, i.

Value of the combined examination of Cys-C and HbA1c for diagnosis of early renal injury in pediatric diabetes.

The objective of the present study was to evaluate the combined application of measuring cystatin C (Cys-C) and hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) levels for early renal injury in pediatric patients with type 2 diabetes. A total of 130 children with type 2 diabetes admitted to our hospital from May 2013 to July 2015 were selected. Patients were divided according to whether there was complication of renal injury.