Extrachromosomal circular DNA promotes prostate cancer progression through the FAM84B/CDKN1B/MYC/WWP1 axis.

Background: Extrachromosomal circular DNA (eccDNA), a kind of circular DNA that originates from chromosomes, carries complete gene information, particularly the oncogenic genes. This study aimed to examine the contributions of FAM84B induced by eccDNA to prostate cancer (PCa) development and the biomolecules involved.

Methods: The presence of eccDNA in PCa cells and the FAM84B transcripts that eccDNA carries were verified by outward and inward PCR.

Knowledge mapping and current trends of Warburg effect in the field of cancer.

Background: Since abnormal aerobic glycolysis was first identified in cancer cells, many studies have focused on its mechanisms. The purpose of this study was to analyze the global research status of the Warburg effect in cancer using bibliometrics.

Methods: Articles published from 01 January 2013 to 31 December 2022 (n=2,067) were retrieved from the Web of Science core collection database and analyzed using VOSviewer and CiteSpace software.

Novel agents and clinical trials in castration-resistant prostate cancer: latest updates from 2023 ASCO-GU Cancers Symposium.

Numerous novel and effective therapeutic agents and clinical trials addressing castration-resistant prostate cancer (CRPC) were reported during the 2023 American Society of Clinical Oncology-Genitourinary (ASCO-GU) Cancers Symposium. Notably, radionuclide drug conjugates (RDC), specifically 177Lu/111In-J591 and 225Ac-J591, exhibited enhanced therapeutic efficacy in treating patients with CRPC. Furthermore, promising treatment approaches for CRPC included dual anti-cytotoxic T-lymphocyte-associated protein 4 (CTLA-4) and anti-programmed death-1 (PD-1) blockade in rare tumors (DART)-Lorigerlimab, prostate stem cell antigen (PSCA)-directed chimeric antigen receptor (CAR)-T cell immunotherapy-BPX-601, and protein kinase inhibitor (AKTi)-CAPltello-280.

Liquid biopsy in urothelial carcinoma: Detection techniques and clinical applications.

The types of urothelial carcinoma (UC) include urothelial bladder cancer and upper tract urothelial carcinoma. Current diagnostic techniques cannot meet the needs of patients. Liquid biopsy is an accurate method of determining the molecular profile of UC and is a cutting-edge and popular technique that is expected to complement existing detection techniques and benefit patients with UC.

Blood-based liquid biopsy: insights into early detection, prediction, and treatment monitoring of bladder cancer.

Bladder cancer (BC) is a clinical challenge worldwide with late clinical presentation, poor prognosis, and low survival rates. Traditional cystoscopy and tissue biopsy are routine methods for the diagnosis, prognosis, and monitoring of BC. However, due to the heterogeneity and limitations of tumors, such as aggressiveness, high cost, and limited applicability of longitudinal surveillance, the identification of tumor markers has attracted significant attention in BC.

Oxidative Stress: A Putative Link Between Lower Urinary Tract Symptoms and Aging and Major Chronic Diseases.

Aging and major chronic diseases are risk factors for lower urinary tract symptoms (LUTS). On the other hand, oxidative stress (OS) is one of the fundamental mechanisms of aging and the development of chronic diseases. Therefore, OS might be a candidate mechanism linking these two clinical entities.

[Ultrasound characteristics of testicular Leydig cell tumors , , , 1.].

Objective: To explore the color Doppler ultrasonic characteristics of testicular Leydig cell tumors (LCT) and improve the clinical diagnosis of the disease.

Methods: We retrospectively analyzed 4 cases of testicular LCT diagnosed and treated in our hospital and summarized the experience in the ultrasonic diagnosis of LCT with a review of the relevant literature.

Results: All the 4 testicular LCTs were solitary and quasi-round, 1 in the left and 3 in the right.

miRNA-373 promotes urinary bladder cancer cell proliferation, migration and invasion through upregulating epidermal growth factor receptor.

MicroRNA (miRNA)-373 has been demonstrated to be involved in several types of cancer, whereas its involvement in urinary bladder cancer and the mechanism of its function remains poorly understood. The present study aimed to investigate the functionality of miRNA-373 in urinary bladder cancer. Tumor tissues and adjacent healthy tissues were collected from patients with urinary bladder cancer (n=55), and blood samples were collected from patients with urinary bladder cancer and healthy controls (n=45).

Regulation of Spontaneous Contractions in Intact Rat Bladder Strips and the Effects of Hydrogen Peroxide.

Enhanced spontaneous contractions are associated with overactive bladder. Elevated levels of reactive oxygen species might contribute to enhanced spontaneous contractions. We investigated the regulation of spontaneous contractions and the effects of hydrogen peroxide (HO) in intact rat bladder strips.

Downregulation of miR-133b predict progression and poor prognosis in patients with urothelial carcinoma of bladder.

We found microRNA-133b (miR-133b) was downregulated in urothelial carcinoma of the bladder (UCB) tissues, and it could inhibit the proliferation and induce apoptosis in UCB cells. Consequently, we intend to explore the clinical significance of miR-133b in UCB patients. Expression of miR-133b in 146 UCB specimens and matched adjacent non-neoplastic bladder tissues were measured by quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction.

Clinical and oncological outcomes in Chinese patients with renal cell carcinoma and venous tumor thrombus extension: single-center experience.

Background: To evaluate the clinical and oncological outcomes and to identify prognostic factors for survival in Chinese patients with renal cell carcinoma (RCC) and venous tumor thrombus (VTT).

Methods: A total of 86 patients who underwent nephrectomy and tumor thrombectomy for RCC and venous tumor thrombus extension from 2003 to 2013 were included in this retrospective study. The records of these patients were reviewed.

MiR-133b regulates bladder cancer cell proliferation and apoptosis by targeting Bcl-w and Akt1.

Background: MiR-133b is a muscle-specific microRNA; it has a role in the formation of cardiocytes and the expression of myocardium ion channels by regulating target genes. Many human malignant tumors demonstrate a low expression of miR-133b, as noted in colorectal, lung, esophagus and bladder cancers, but the role of miR-133b in bladder cancer is unknown.

Methods: The expression of miR-133b in clinical bladder cancer specimens and adjacent normal tissues was confirmed by stem-loop RT-PCR.

In Vivo Evaluation of Chemical Composition of Eight Types of Urinary Calculi Using Spiral Computerized Tomography in a Chinese Population.

Background: This study was conducted to evaluate the chemical composition of eight types of urinary calculi using spiral computerized tomography (CT) in vivo.

Methods: From October 2011 to February 2013, upper urinary tract calculi were obtained from 122 patients in the department of urinary surgery of the First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University. All patients were scanned with a 64-detector row helical CT scanner using 6.

Clinical significance and biological roles of CRKL in human bladder carcinoma.

CRKL encodes an adaptor protein that has been recently reported to be overexpressed in various cancers and associate with the malignant behavior of cancer cells. However, the expression pattern of CRKL protein and its clinical significance in human bladder cancer have not been well characterized to date. In the present study, CRKL expression was analyzed in 82 archived bladder cancer specimens using immunohistochemistry, and the correlations between CRKL expression and clinicopathological parameters were evaluated.

MicroRNA-17, 20a regulates the proangiogenic function of tumor-associated macrophages via targeting hypoxia-inducible factor 2α.

Tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs) constitute a major component of the leukocyte infiltrate of most solid tumors, and they usually exhibit a proangiogenic phenotype which facilitates tumor growth in most circumstances. However, the precise mechanisms regulating the proangiogenic properties of TAMs remain largely unclear. In the present study, we found that the expression of hypoxia-inducible factor 2α (HIF-2α) was significantly up-regulated in macrophages from tumor tissues of several solid tumors.

Expression and biological roles of SATB1 in human bladder cancer.

Special AT-rich sequence-binding protein-1 (SATB1) has been recently reported to be overexpressed in various cancers and associate with the malignant behavior of cancer cells. However, the expression and potential roles of SATB1 in bladder cancer remains unclear. In the present study, SATB1 expression was analyzed in 85 archived bladder cancer specimens using immunohistochemistry and the correlations between SATB1 expression and clinicopathological parameters were evaluated.

[Clinicopathologic analysis of spermatocytic seminoma].

Objective: To study the clinicopathologic features and biological behavior of spermatocytic seminoma.

Methods: A retrospective analysis of patients diagnosed as seminoma, spermatocytic seminoma between January 2003 and May 2011, was performed. Clinical data, HE stained section and immunohistochemical staining (SP method) were reviewed with follow-up.

Peritumoral neutrophils link inflammatory response to disease progression by fostering angiogenesis in hepatocellular carcinoma.

Background & Aims: Substantial evidence indicates that inflammation is a critical component of tumor progression. Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is usually derived from inflamed cirrhotic liver with extensive leukocyte infiltration. Neutrophils are the common inflammatory infiltrate in tumors, but their nature and regulation in human cancers remain elusive.

MicroRNA-155 regulates inflammatory cytokine production in tumor-associated macrophages via targeting C/EBPbeta.

Macrophages (Mphi) are prominent components of solid tumors and exhibit distinct phenotypes in different microenvironments. We have recently found that tumors can alter the normal developmental process of Mphi to trigger transient activation of monocytes, but the underlying regulatory mechanisms are incompletely understood. Here, we showed that the protein expression of transcription factor C/EBPbeta was markedly elevated in tumor-associated Mphi both in vitro and human tumors in situ.