Prediction of intraoperative press-fit stability of the acetabular cup in total hip arthroplasty using radiomics-based machine learning models.

Background: Preoperative prediction of the acetabular cup press-fit stability in total hip arthroplasty is necessary for clinical decision-making. This study aims to establish and validate machine learning models to investigate the feasibility of predicting the intraoperative press-fit stability of the acetabular cup in total hip arthroplasty (THA).

Methods: 226 patients who underwent primary THA from 2018 to 2022 in our hospital were retrospectively enrolled.

Pre-Segmented Down-Sampling Accelerates Graph Neural Network-Based 3D Object Detection in Autonomous Driving.

Graph neural networks (GNNs) have been proven to be an ideal approach to deal with irregular point clouds, but involve massive computations for searching neighboring points in the graph, which limits their application in large-scale LiDAR point cloud processing. Down-sampling is a straightforward and indispensable step in current GNN-based 3D detectors to reduce the computational burden of the model, but the commonly used down-sampling methods cannot distinguish the categories of the LiDAR points, which leads to an inability to effectively improve the computational efficiency of the GNN models without affecting their detection accuracy. In this paper, we propose (1) a LiDAR point cloud pre-segmented down-sampling (PSD) method that can selectively reduce background points while preserving the foreground object points during the process, greatly improving the computational efficiency of the model without affecting its 3D detection accuracy.

Elbow Kinematics and Function Following Treatment with Open Arthrolysis and Hinged External Fixator.

Objective: Open arthrolysis (OA) combined with hinged external fixator (HEF) is a promising surgical option for patients with elbow stiffness. This study aimed to investigate elbow kinematics and function following a combined treatment with OA and HEF in elbow stiffness cases.

Methods: Patients treated with OA with or without HEF due to elbow stiffness were recruited between August 2017 and July 2019.

Stenotic intercondylar notch is not a risk factor for posterior cruciate ligament rupture: a morphological analyses using magnetic resonance imaging.

Purpose: The present study aimed to examine the factors related to the morphological characteristics of the femoral condyle in posterior cruciate ligament rupture in female and male populations.

Methods: One hundred and three patients (41 females, 62 males) with posterior cruciate ligament rupture from 2010 to 2020 were included in this retrospective case-control study. The sex and age of the posterior cruciate ligament rupture group were matched to those of the control group (41 females, 62 males; age range 16-69 years).

PI3K/Akt pathway expression in children with different obesity degrees and its relationship with glucolipid metabolism and insulin resistance.

Objective: This study investigated and analyzed the expression of PI3K/Akt pathway in children with different degree of obesity and its connection with glucolipid metabolism and insulin resistance (IR).

Methods: 157 children with simple obesity, who admitted to our hospital from March 2020 to September 2020, were enrolled as obesity group. These children were divided into mild-group (n=67), moderate-group (n=55) and severe-group (n=35) referring to their body mass index (BMI).

Dual fluoroscopic imaging and CT-based finite element modelling to estimate forces and stresses of grafts in anatomical single-bundle ACL reconstruction with different femoral tunnels.

Purpose: Little is known about the in vivo forces and stresses on grafts used in anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) reconstruction. The aims of this study were to evaluate and compare the forces and stresses on grafts used in anatomical single-bundle ACL reconstruction at different locations of the femoral footprint (anterior vs middle vs posterior; high vs middle vs low) during a lunge motion.

Methods: Establish subject-specific finite element models with different graft's tunnel loci to represent the primary ACL reconstructions.

Lack of Potential Pharmacokinetic and Pharmacodynamic Interactions Between Piragliatin, a Glucokinase Activator, and Simvastatin in Patients With Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus.

To evaluate the potential pharmacokinetic (PK) and pharmacodynamic (PD, glucose-lowering effect) interaction between simvastatin and piragliatin, both CYP3A substrates, 30 patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus participated in this open-label, randomized, 6-sequence, 3-way crossover (William's design) study. During 3 periods, patients were randomized to receive a single dose of 80 mg simvastatin alone, a single dose of 100 mg piragliatin alone, as well as single doses of 80 mg simvastatin and 100 mg piragliatin together. Primary PK and PD parameters were AUCs on dosing days.

Exploratory effects of a strong CYP3A inhibitor (ketoconazole), a strong CYP3A inducer (rifampicin), and concomitant ethanol on piragliatin pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics in type 2 diabetic patients.

Piragliatin is a CYP3A substrate; its inactive metabolite M4, formed through cytosolic reductase, is reversibly metabolized back to piragliatin through CYP3A. The impact of concomitant CYP3A modifiers thus cannot be predicted. Drinking alcohol under fasting conditions is associated with a recognized glucose-lowering effect, which might be synergistic with piragliatin's hypoglycemic effect.