Prediction of China's Population Mortality under Limited Data.

Population mortality is an important step in quantifying the risk of longevity. China lacks data on population mortality, especially the elderly population. Therefore, this paper first uses spline fitting to supplement the missing data and then uses dynamic models to predict the species mortality of the Chinese population, including age extrapolation and trend extrapolation.

Hydrophobic Electrode Design for CO Electroreduction in a Microchannel Reactor.

Microchannel reactor is a novel electrochemical device to intensify CO mass transfer with large interfacial areas. However, if the catalyst inserted in the microchannel is wetted, CO is required to diffuse across the liquid film to get access to reaction sites. In this paper, a hydrophobic polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE)-doped Ag nanocatalyst on a Zn rod was synthesized through a facile galvanic replacement of 2Ag+Zn → 2Ag + Zn.

Au aerogel for selective COelectroreduction to CO: ultrafast preparation with high performance.

Noble metal aerogels (NMAs) have been used in a variety of (photo-)electrocatalytic reactions, but pure Au aerogel (AG) has not been used in COelectroreduction to date. To explore the potential application in this direction, AG was prepared to be used as the cathode in COelectroreduction to CO. However, the gelation time of NMAs is usually very long, up to several weeks.

High-density Ag nanosheets for selective electrochemical CO reduction to CO.

To increase the specific surface area, high-density (i.e. number per unit area) Ag nanosheets (ANS) with large electrochemically active surface area and rich edge active sites over Ag plates were synthesized via a facile electrodeposition approach in a double electrode system at a constant current of -1 mA for 1800 s.

Enhancement of surfactant biodegradation with an anaerobic membrane bioreactor by introducing microaeration.

In controlled ecological life support system (CELSS), 100% water recycle efficiency is needed. Both water and nutrients in wastewater needs reclaiming. In an anaerobic membrane bioreactor (AnMBR) designed to hydrolyze organic matters and convert organic nitrogen, accumulation of anionic surfactants and organic compounds was observed in the supernatant.

Ultrafast and Stable CO Capture Using Alkali Metal Salt-Promoted MgO-CaCO Sorbents.

As a potential candidate for precombustion CO capture at intermediate temperatures (200-400 °C), MgO-based sorbents usually suffer from low kinetics and poor cyclic stability. Herein, a general and facile approach is proposed for the fabrication of high-performance MgO-based sorbents via incorporation of CaCO into MgO followed by deposition of a mixed alkali metal salt (AMS). The AMS-promoted MgO-CaCO sorbents are capable of adsorbing CO at an ultrafast rate, high capacity, and good stability.

[Releases of carbon, nitrogen and phosphorus from sewage sludge at different microwave energy inputs].

In this study, the releases of carbon, nitrogen and phosphorus from sludge treated by microwave irradiation were investigated by batch experiments at two microwave energy inputs (MEIs), 54 kJ and 108 kJ. The final temperatures of the treated samples at these two MEIs were about 56 degrees C and 90 degrees C, respectively. Results showed that the higher MEI was more helpful to release TC, TOC, TN and TP from sludge treated by microwave.

[Effect of acid and alkali on phosphorus release from sewage sludge in the microwave treatment process].

Impacts of acid and alkali addition on phosphorus release from sewage sludge were investigated in a microwave reactor at atmospheric pressure. Results showed that in the microwave irradiation process, though NaOH pretreatment increased the release efficiency of phosphorus from 28.8% to 59.