Risk-oriented source apportionment and implications for mitigation strategies of VOCs in industrial parks: Insights from odor pollution and health risks.

A typical industrial park in the upper reaches of the Yangtze River Economic Belt, which is 70 km from the Chongqing urban center, was used to investigate the occurrence and exposure of harmful volatile organic compounds (VOCs). An exposure risk method and a risk-oriented source apportionment approach were performed to assess the inhalation risks and apportion VOC sources, respectively. The quantitative relationships between risk factors and pollution sources were established, identifying key pathogenic and odorous VOCs.

Unraveling the toxicity mechanisms of nanoplastics with various surface modifications on Skeletonema costatum: Cellular and molecular perspectives.

Nanoplastics are ubiquitous in marine environments, exhibiting high bioavailability and potential toxicity to marine organisms. However, the impacts of nanoplastics with various surface modifications on marine microalgae remain largely unexplored. This study explored the toxicity mechanisms of two nanoplastic types-polystyrene (PS) and polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA)-with distinct surface modifications on Skeletonema costatum at cellular and molecular levels.

Probing the occurrence, sources and cancer risk assessment of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in PM in a humid metropolitan city in China.

Fifty-two consecutive PM samples from December 2021 to February 2022 (the whole winter) were collected in the center of Chongqing, a humid metropolitan city in China. These samples were analysed for the 16 USEPA priority polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (16 PAHs) to explore their composition and sources, and to assess their cancer risks to humans. The total concentrations of the 16 PAHs (ng m) ranged from 16.

Mild and Efficient Preparation of N-Heterocyclic Organic Molecules by Catalyst-free and Solvent-free Methods.

Aims: The small organic molecular compounds with biological activity containing C-C and C-N or C-O bonding were efficiently prepared without catalyst and solvent in the hydrothermal synthesis reactor.

Objectives: Our goal was to explore new applications for the more environmentally friendly and efficient synthesis of bis(indolyl)methyl, xanthene, quinazolinone, and N-heterocyclic derivatives in hydrothermal synthesis reactors under solvent-free and catalyst-free conditions.

Methods: A greener and more efficient method was successfully developed for the synthesis of bis(indolyl)methyl, heteroanthracene, quinazolinone, and N-heterocyclic derivatives using a hydrothermal synthesis reactor in a solvent- and catalyst-free manner.

[Analysis of Influencing Factors of Ozone Pollution Difference Between Chengdu and Chongqing in August 2022].

In August 2022, Chengdu and Chongqing showed significant differences in ozone (O) pollution. Chengdu had O pollution days for 20 days, whereas Chongqing had no O pollution days. In this study, we analyzed the influencing factors of this difference from the emission level of precursors and meteorological conditions.

[Characteristics and Source Apportionment of Carbonaceous Aerosols in the Typical Urban Areas in Chongqing During Winter].

To investigate the characteristics, source apportionment, and potential source areas of carbonaceous aerosols in Chongqing during winter, PM samples were collected from January 2021 to February 2021 in the urban areas of Wanzhou (WZ), Yubei (YB), and Shuangqiao (SQ). The results showed that the average mass concentrations of PM, OC, and EC in SQ were (72.6 ±33.

Acid protonation promoted different crystal phase structure silicon carbide-based carbon nitride composites to enhance the photocatalytic degradation of dye wastewater.

Acid-protonated crystalline silicon carbide-supported carbon nitride photocatalytic composites were successfully prepared by the impregnation-heat treatment method (P-g-CN/β-SiC and P-g-CN/α-SiC). The samples were characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR), UV-vis diffuse reflectance spectra (UV-vis-DRS) photoluminescence (PL), . The results of SEM showed that the P-g-CN/β-SiC and P-g-CN/α-SiC materials were transformed from large-area lamellar structures to uniform and dispersed lamellar particles.

Adsorption of heavy metals on biodegradable and conventional microplastics in the Pearl River Estuary, China.

In recent years, microplastics (MPs) as emerging carriers for environmental pollutants have attracted increasing worldwide attention. However, the adsorption of heavy metals on MPs, especially for biodegradable MPs, has been still poorly understood in estuarine environments. In this study, we investigated the aging of biodegradable and conventional MPs in the Pearl River Estuary after long-term exposure and their impacts on the adsorption of heavy metals from seawater.

Impacts of reducing air pollutants and CO emissions in urban road transport through 2035 in Chongqing, China.

The road transport sector in megacities is confronted with pressing local air pollution and carbon dioxide (CO) control issues. To determine effective policy instruments for saving energy and the co-control of air pollutants and CO, several mainstream measures were examined and compared in Chongqing's road transport sector from 2017 to 2035. An integration assessment framework was developed by combining the Long-range Energy Alternatives Planning (LEAP) system and a set of quantitative methods for evaluating the co-benefits of emission reductions (including the air pollutant equivalent (AP), co-control coordinate system, and pollutant reduction cross-elasticity (Els)).

[Source Apportionment of PM Based on Hybrid Chemical Transport and Receptor Model in Chongqing].

In order to further improve the accuracy of fine particulate matter (PM) source apportionment results, a hybrid source apportionment approach (CTM-RM) combining the capabilities of a receptor model (RM) and chemical transport model (CTM) was developed. The CTM-RM method was evaluated and applied according to a typical PM pollution process from January 21 to 27, 2019 in Chongqing. The average value of square prediction error based on CTM-RM was 84.

[Speciated Emission Inventory of VOCs from Industrial Sources and Their Ozone Formation Potential in Chongqing].

Based on the basic information of the Second National Pollution Source Census and the VOCs source profiles of industrial industries, we established the speciated emission inventory of major industrial sources in Chongqing in 2017, estimated their ozone formation potential (OFP), and identified the key control species of industrial VOCs and their sources. The results showed that the total VOCs emission from industrial sources and their OFPs were 144.12 kt and 477.

Shape-controlled hollow CuO@CuS nanocubes with enhanced photocatalytic activities towards degradation of tetracycline.

In view of recent advances in photodegradation of antibiotics, low cost and stable photocatalyst remain rare. In this article, shape-controlled CuO@CuS nanocubes with the larger specific surface area were successfully prepared via a simple template-engaged strategy. CuO nanocubes were synthesized through a reduction method as original templates, the core-shelled CuO@CuS nanocubes were formed by sulphuration with NaS as sulphur source, and the CuO core can be incompletely removed by NaSO to generate the CuO@CuS nanoboxes.

[Pollution Characteristics and Source Apportionment of Atmospheric VOCs During Ozone Pollution Period in the Main Urban Area of Chongqing].

In late August 2020, a period of O pollution occurred in the main urban area of Chongqing and lasted for approximately 2 weeks (till early September). Ambient air samples, collected using Summa Canisters and DNPH sampling columns at three observation sites in the main urban area, were used to study the composition, photochemical reaction activity, and source apportionment of volatile organic compounds (VOCs) during the period of O pollution. The results showed that the mean volume fraction of TVOCs in the main urban area of Chongqing during the observation period was 45.

Individualized resuscitation strategy for septic shock formalized by finite mixture modeling and dynamic treatment regimen.

Background: Septic shock comprises a heterogeneous population, and individualized resuscitation strategy is of vital importance. The study aimed to identify subclasses of septic shock with non-supervised learning algorithms, so as to tailor resuscitation strategy for each class.

Methods: Patients with septic shock in 25 tertiary care teaching hospitals in China from January 2016 to December 2017 were enrolled in the study.

Carbonaceous aerosols in urban Chongqing, China: Seasonal variation, source apportionment, and long-range transport.

Seventy-seven PM2.5 samples were collected at an urban site (Chongqing University Campus A) in October 2015 (autumn), December 2015 (winter), March 2016 (spring), and August 2016 (summer). These samples were analysed for organic carbon (OC), elemental carbon (EC), and their associated char, soot, 16 PAHs, and 28 n-alkanes to trace sources, and atmospheric transport pathways.

A new strategy for constructing artificial light-harvesting systems: supramolecular self-assembly gels with AIE properties.

An artificial light-harvesting system (ALHS) has been designed and constructed based on supramolecular organogels made of a simple hydrazide-functionalized benzimidazole derivative (HB), as well as the fluorescent dye rhodamine B (RhB). RhB acted as a good acceptor to realize the energy-transfer process with good efficiency based on a HB/RhB assembly, which showed considerable fluorescence resonance energy transfer (FRET) efficiency of 53% for the energy transfer process. Remarkably, the obtained system showed superior color conversion abilities, converting blue light into orange light.

Characteristics of expanded polystyrene microplastics on island beaches in the Pearl River Estuary: abundance, size, surface texture and their metals-carrying capacity.

While expanded polystyrene (EPS) microplastics have been widely recognized as one of the most important components of plastic litter in the intertidal zones of the global ocean, our understanding of their environmental fate on island beaches is insufficient. In this study, we intended to reveal that the latest EPS microplastic pollution status on 5 island beaches in the Pearl River Estuary, China, by comprehensively assessing the abundance, distribution, size, surface texture and carrying capacity of heavy metals (Cd, As, Cr, Ni, Cu, Pb, Mn, Fe, Al). High level of EPS microplastic abundance ranged from 328 to 82,276 particles m was found, with the highest abundance at Guishan Island and the lowest at Dong'ao Island.

Advances in the use of functional composites of β-cyclodextrin in electrochemical sensors.

β-Cyclodextrin (β-CD) possess a hydrophobic inner cavity and a hydrophilic exterior surface. They exhibit excellent inclusion properties with the guest molecules that match cavity size, and β-CD-based materials drew widespread attention in electrochemical sensors. The hydroxy groups at the edge of the cavity can form hydrogen bonds and undergo electrostatic and dipole-dipole interactions with other molecules.

Identification of key genes in Gram‑positive and Gram‑negative sepsis using stochastic perturbation.

Sepsis is an inflammatory response to pathogens (such as Gram‑positive and Gram‑negative bacteria), which has high morbidity and mortality in critically ill patients. The present study aimed to identify the key genes in Gram‑positive and Gram‑negative sepsis. GSE6535 was downloaded from Gene Expression Omnibus, containing 17 control samples, 18 Gram‑positive samples and 25 Gram‑negative samples.

[Influencing factors of floc size distribution and fractal dimension of activated sludge].

Floc size distribution (FSD) and fractal dimension are the important parameters for activated sludge. FSD of aerobic activated sludge during flocculation process was measured by a laser particle size analyzer, and the influence of velocity gradient, VSS/ SS, EPS content and Zeta potential on FSD was investigated. The results showed that the floc volume-average size was negatively correlated to velocity gradient (R > 0.

Evaluating the structural identifiability of the parameters of the EBPR sub-model in ASM2d by the differential algebra method.

The calibration of ASMs is a prerequisite for their application to simulation of a wastewater treatment plant. This work should be made based on the evaluation of structural identifiability of model parameters. An EBPR sub-model including denitrification phosphorus removal has been incorporated in ASM2d.

[Percutaneous endoscopic gastrostomy for home nutrition support in patients with stroke and post-traumatic brain].

Objective: To evaluate the application value of percutaneous endoscopic gastrostomy (PEG) for home nutrition support in patients with stroke and post-traumatic brain.

Methods: We retrospectively analyzed the clinical data of the 16 patients with stroke and post-traumatic brain, including cerebral infarction (n = 9), cerebral hemorrhage ( n = 5), subarachnoid hemorrhage (n = 1), and cerebral trauma (n = 1). All these patients underwent PEG in our hospital because they were not able to be orally fed.

A method for characterizing the complete settling process of activated sludge.

Based on batch settling tests, a model describing the compression settling process of activated sludge was developed and validated by experiments. Furthermore, a theoretical equation for determining the critical point when the compression settling stage commences, and a new velocity function for the compression settling were deduced from the model. By combining the new model and the conservation of mass, it was proved that the Vesilind function was also capable of describing the compression settling velocity on condition that the appropriate parameters were estimated.