Persistence of Phi6, a SARS-CoV-2 surrogate, in simulated indoor environments: Effects of humidity and material properties.

The SARS-CoV-2 virus caused the COVID-19 pandemic and brought major challenges to public health. It is transmitted via aerosols, droplets, and fomites. Among these, viral transmission through fomites is not well understood although it remains a very important transmission route.

Single-nucleus transcriptome profiling provides insights into the pathophysiology of adhesive arachnoiditis.

Adhesive arachnoiditis (AA) is a rare form of chronic degenerative pathology associated with persistent inflammation in the arachnoid matter of the spinal cord. Despite the existing knowledge, the detailed pathological mechanisms underlying AA are not fully understood. This study aimed to elucidate through comprehensive single nuclei RNA sequencing (snRNA-seq) to delineate the transcriptomic landscape of AA.

Structural changes of the multifidus in animal models of intervertebral disk degeneration: a systematic review.

Study Design: Low back pain (LBP) is a widespread clinical symptom affecting nearly all age groups and is a leading cause of disability worldwide. Degenerative changes in the spine and paraspinal tissues primarily contribute to the etiology of LBP.

Objectives: We conducted this systematic review of animal models of paraspinal muscle (PSM) degeneration secondary to degenerative intervertebral disc (IVD), providing a comprehensive evaluation of PSM structural changes observed in these models at both macroscopic and microscopic levels.

Quantitative proteomic landscape of the pathophysiology of adhesive arachnoiditis and its clinical significance: Structure and mechanism of TNC and RANBP1 proteins.

The pathophysiological mechanism of adhesive arachnoiditis (AA) is complex, involving the interaction of multiple proteins. In recent years, the development of quantitative proteomics technology has provided a new perspective to reveal its pathological mechanism. The main objective of this study was to reveal the changes of protein expression profiles in arachnoid tissue of patients with AA.

Proteomic study of cerebrospinal fluid in adult tethered cord syndrome: Chemical structure and function of apolipoprotein B.

Adult tethered cord syndrome (ATCS) has a hidden onset and delayed clinical symptoms. The purpose of this study is to identify hub proteins in the cerebrospinal fluid of ATCS patients through bioinformatics analysis, and to find significant heterogeneity in these proteins between ATCS patients and non ATCS patients (control group). Firstly, differential genes were screened based on proteomic results.

Spinal Adhesive Arachnoidopathy, the Disorder More Than Simply Adhesive Arachnoiditis: A Comprehensive Systematic Review of 510 Cases.

Background: Spinal adhesive arachnoidopathy (SAA) is a chronic pathology associated with persistent inflammatory responses in the arachnoid. Adhesive arachnoiditis (AA) is one of the major forms of SAA, with accompanying secondary complications. Therefore, we aimed to systematically review both clinical and animal model studies related to SAA to gain a deeper understanding of this unique pathology.

Analysis of Failed Posterior Fossa Decompression and an Effective Revision Surgery in Patients with Basilar Invagination and Atlantoaxial Dislocation.

Objective: The objective of this study was to analyze failed posterior fossa decompression (PFD) in patients with basilar invagination and atlantoaxial dislocation (BI-AAD). Revision surgery in these patients is challenging and has been rarely reported. In addition, the anatomical variations of the vertebral artery increase the risk of revision surgery.

in Combination with Chito-oligosaccharides Modulate Inflammation and Gut Microbiota for Inflammatory Bowel Disease Treatment.

Synbiotics, the combination of probiotics and prebiotics, are thought to be a pragmatic approach for the treatment of various diseases, including inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). The synergistic therapeutic effects of probiotics and prebiotics remain underexplored. , a short-chain fatty acid (SCFA) producer, has been recognized as a promising probiotic candidate that can offer health benefits.

Tethered cord syndrome from pediatric and adult perspectives: a comprehensive systematic review of 6135 cases.

Objective: This study aimed to investigate the differences in clinical features, diagnostic examination, treatment, and pathological results between adult-onset and pediatric-onset tethered cord syndrome (TCS).

Methods: The authors searched the PubMed, Embase, and Cochrane Library databases through January 2023 for reports on TCS, extracting information on clinical features, imaging data, treatment modalities, prognosis, and pathological research results. A total of 6135 cases from 246 articles were included in the analysis.

Role of Preoperative Albumin Quotient in Surgical Planning for Posttraumatic Syringomyelia: A Comparative Cohort Study.

Objective: Surgical procedures for patients with posttraumatic syringomyelia (PTS) remain controversial. Until now, there have been no effective quantitative evaluation methods to assist in selecting appropriate surgical plans before surgery.

Methods: We consecutively enrolled PTS patients (arachnoid lysis group, n = 42; shunting group, n = 14) from 2003 to 2023.

Genome-Wide Identification and Expression Analysis of the MADS Gene Family in Tulips ().

To investigate the cold response mechanism and low temperature regulation of flowering in tulips, this study identified 32 MADS-box transcription factor family members in tulips based on full-length transcriptome sequencing, named TgMADS1-TgMADS32. Phylogenetic analysis revealed that these genes can be divided into two classes: type I and type II. Structural analysis showed that genes from different subfamilies have a similar distribution of conserved motifs.

Endogenous CRISPR-Cas mediated in situ genome editing: State-of-the-art and the road ahead for engineering prokaryotes.

The CRISPR-Cas systems have shown tremendous promise as heterologous tools for genome editing in various prokaryotes. However, the perturbation of DNA homeostasis and the inherent toxicity of Cas9/12a proteins could easily lead to cell death, which led to the development of endogenous CRISPR-Cas systems. Programming the widespread endogenous CRISPR-Cas systems for in situ genome editing represents a promising tool in prokaryotes, especially in genetically intractable species.

Detection of Glioma-Related Hotspot Mutations Through Sequencing of Cerebrospinal Fluid (CSF)-Derived Circulating Tumor DNA: A Pilot Study on CSF-Based Liquid Biopsy for Primary Spinal Cord Astrocytoma.

Objective: Although cerebrospinal fluid (CSF)-based liquid biopsy was proved to be practical in molecular analysis of intracranial gliomas, liquid biopsy of primary intramedullary astrocytoma was rarely reported. Given the distinct genomic profiles between primary intramedullary glioma and intracranial astrocytoma, whether the feasibility of CSF-based molecular analysis of intracranial gliomas can be replicated in primary spinal cord astrocytoma needs to be investigated. The aim of this pilot study is to evaluate the feasibility of molecular analysis of primary intramedullary astrocytoma through sequencing CSF-derived circulating tumor DNA (ctDNA).

Perioperative Clinical Features and Long-term Prognosis After Oblique Lateral Interbody Fusion (OLIF), OLIF With Anterolateral Screw Fixation, or OLIF With Percutaneous Pedicle Fixation: A Comprehensive Treatment Strategy for Patients With Lumbar Degenerative Disease.

Objective: To compare the efficacy of oblique lateral interbody fusion (OLIF), OLIF combined with anterolateral screw fixation (OLIF-AF), and OLIF combined with percutaneous pedicle screw fixation (OLIF-PF) in the treatment of single-level or 2-level degenerative lumbar disease.

Methods: Between January 2017 and 2021, 71 patients were treated with OLIF and combined OLIF. The demographic data, clinical outcomes, radiographic outcomes, and complications were compared among the 3 groups.

Intra-articular Distraction Versus Decompression to Treat Basilar Invagination Without Atlantoaxial Dislocation: A Retrospective Cohort Study of 54 Patients.

Objective: The surgical management of basilar invagination without atlantoaxial dislocation (type B basilar invagination) remains controversial. Hence, we have reported the use of posterior intra-articular C1-2 facet distraction, fixation, and cantilever technique versus foramen magnum decompression in treating type B basilar invagination as well as the results and surgical indications for this procedure.

Methods: This was a single-center retrospective cohort study.

Predicting deep surgical site infection in patients receiving open posterior instrumented thoracolumbar surgery: A-DOUBLE-SSI risk score - a large retrospective multicenter cohort study in China.

Background: To develop a practical prediction model to predict the risk of deep surgical site infection (SSI) in patients receiving open posterior instrumented thoracolumbar surgery.

Methods: Data of 3419 patients in four hospitals from 1 January 2012 to 30 December 2021 were evaluated. The authors used clinical knowledge-driven, data-driven, and decision tree model to identify predictive variables of deep SSI.

A novel scoring system for assessing adult syringomyelia associated with CM I treatment outcomes.

Background: A specific scoring system for syringomyelia is lacking. Our objective was to investigate the value of a novel scoring system (Syringomyelia Outcome Scale of Xuanwu hospital, SOS-XW) in assessing surgical outcomes in the treatment of syringomyelia (SM) associated with Chiari malformation type I (CM I).

Methods: A quantitative evaluation system (SOS-XW) of SM includes 4 parameters: pain (P), sensation (S), movement (M), and syringomyelia tension index (STI).

Relationship Between Syrinx Resolution and Cervical Sagittal Realignment Following Decompression Surgery for Chiari I Malformation Related Syringomyelia Based on Configuration Phenotypes.

Objective: Combined with different configuration types of syringomyelia, to analyze the correlation between syrinx resolution and changes in cervical sagittal alignment following Foramen magnum and Magendie dredging (FMMD) for syringomyelia associated with Chiari I malformation (CM-I), and to further explore the respective relationship with clinical outcome.

Methods: A consecutive series of 127 patients with CM-I and syringomyelia who underwent FMMD in our center met the inclusion criteria of this study. Their clinical records and radiologic data were retrospectively reviewed.

The mechanisms and applications of cryoprotectants in aquatic products: An overview.

Frozen storage technology has been widely used for the preservation of Aquatic products. However, ice crystals formation, lipid oxidation and protein denaturation still easily causes aquatic products deterioration. Cryoprotectants are a series of food additives that could efficiently prolong the shelf life and guarantee the acceptability of frozen aquatic products.