Exosomes derived from minor salivary gland mesenchymal stem cells: a promising novel exosome exhibiting pro-angiogenic and wound healing effects similar to those of adipose-derived stem cell exosomes.

Backgrounds: Minor salivary gland mesenchymal stem cells (MSGMSCs) can be easily extracted and have a broad range of sources. Applying exosomes to wounds is a highly promising method for promoting wound healing. Exosomes derived from different stem cell types have been proven to enhance wound healing, with adipose-derived stem cell (ADSC)-derived exosomes being the most extensively researched.

Immunotherapy Vaccines for Prostate Cancer Treatment.

Background: Therapeutic tumor vaccines have emerged as a compelling avenue for treating patients afflicted with advanced prostate cancer (PCa), particularly those experiencing biochemical relapse or ineligible for surgical intervention. This study serves to consolidate recent research findings on therapeutic vaccines targeting prostate tumors while delineating prevalent challenges within vaccine research and development.

Methods: We searched electronic databases, including PubMed, Web of Science, Embase, and Scopus, up to August 31, 2024, using keywords such as 'vaccine', 'prostate cancer', 'immunotherapy', and others.

Favorable prostate-specific antigen levels correlate with a worse prognosis in high-grade prostate cancer: a population-based analysis.

Background: To compare the association between prostate-specific antigen (PSA) levels and prostate cancer-specific mortality (PCSM), and the effectiveness of local treatment in patients with high-grade and low-grade prostate cancer (PCa).

Methods: This retrospective cohort study enrolled patients diagnosed with clinically localized PCa (cT1-4N0M0) from January 2010 to December 2020 in the Surveillance, Epidemiology and End Results (SEER) database. Fine-Gray competing risk regression analysis was conducted to generate cumulative incidence plots and estimate the hazards ratio (HR) and 95% confidence interval (95% CI) of PCSM.

The expression and function of the B7 family in Helicobacter pylori infection and gastric carcinogenesis process.

Background: The B7 protein family is one of the most important immune checkpoint proteins. Gastric cancer (GC) is the fourth most common cause of cancer-related mortality worldwide and shows a significant correlation with the B7 family in tumorigenesis and progression. Helicobacter pylori infection is the most important risk factor promoting the progression of gastric precancerous lesions and GC, which also affects the expression of B7 family members.

Chromosome-level genome assembly of a high-altitude-adapted frog (Rana kukunoris) from the Tibetan plateau provides insight into amphibian genome evolution and adaptation.

Background: The high-altitude-adapted frog Rana kukunoris, occurring on the Tibetan plateau, is an excellent model to study life history evolution and adaptation to harsh high-altitude environments. However, genomic resources for this species are still underdeveloped constraining attempts to investigate the underpinnings of adaptation.

Results: The R.

The mitochondrial genome and phylogenetic analysis of Rhacophorus rhodopus.

Classification of the genus Rhacophorus has been problematic. In particular there has been considerable controversy surrounding the phylogenetic relationships among Rhacophorus rhodopus, R. bipunctatus, and R.

Downregulation of GPSM2 is associated with primary resistance to paclitaxel in breast cancer.

Paclitaxel is one of the most effective chemotherapy drugs for breast cancer worldwide but 20‑30% patients show primary resistance to the drug. Screening and identification of markers that facilitate effective and rapid prediction of sensitivity to paclitaxel is therefore an urgent medical requirement. In the present study, G protein signaling modulator 2 (GPSM2) mRNA levels were significantly associated with taxane sensitivity in experiments based on the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) online database.

A four-gene signature predicts the efficacy of paclitaxel-based neoadjuvant therapy in human epidermal growth factor receptor 2-negative breast cancer.

Neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NAC) is the major preoperative treatment of breast cancer (BC) with negative human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2), and the efficacy of NAC and the optimization of regimen are under intensive research. The current study aimed to define the predictive biomarkers for paclitaxel (PTX) response in NAC of HER2-negative BC. Data from GSE25065, GSE26065, GSE41998, as well as drug sensitivity data of breast and ovarian cancer cell line from NCI60, were used.

Review of Anemone raddeana Rhizome and its pharmacological effects.

The chemical compositions of Anemone raddeana Rhizome, a kind of traditional Chinese medicine, were reviewed, along with its bioactivity and pharmacological properties and method improvements of extracting and detecting triterpenoid saponins. A. raddeana Rhizome is used to treat neuralgia and rheumatism, and is rich in triterpenoid saponins, most of which are pentacyclic, with oleanane as the nucleus.

Fas-mediated autophagy requires JNK activation in HeLa cells.

Fas has been reported to play an important role in apoptosis; however, Fas-mediated autophagy and its mechanism are still unclear. Here, we found that Fas agonistic antibody CH11-induced autophagy in HeLa cells, and inhibition of autophagy by 3-MA increased CH11-induced apoptosis. A Fas antagonistic antibody (UB2) suppressed both CH11-induced autophagy and apoptosis.