Exploring the association between gene polymorphisms and hippocampal subfield volume in community mild cognitive impairment.

Introduction: Mild cognitive impairment (MCI) is an early stage of Alzheimer's disease (AD), crucial for early diagnosis. , a key AD susceptibility gene after , has higher brain expression in AD and interacts with tau, affecting its pathology. Specific SNPs are linked to AD and MCI, but mechanisms are unclear.

Association between urinary trace elements levels and depressive symptoms among the older population.

Background: Late-life depression is a prevalent public health issue among the elderly. Imbalances in trace elements are increasingly recognized as associated with depression; however, the majority of current research has concentrated on examining the link between blood-based trace elements levels and depressive symptoms. Our objective was to determine if a similar correlation is observed between urinary trace elements levels and depressive symptoms.

Characterizing Chemokine Signaling Pathways and Hub Genes in Calcium Oxalate-Induced Kidney Stone Formation: Insights from Rodent Models.

The predominant component of kidney stone is calcium oxalate monohydrate (COM), a fact widely acknowledged. Although rodent models are frequently used to induce calcium oxalate (CaOx) crystallization, further exploration of Randall's plaques (RPs) in these models is still needed. We first selected the GSE89028 and GSE75542 datasets from the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) database to identify commonly differentially expressed genes (co-DEGs).

The impact of the interaction between BDNF rs7103411 gene polymorphism and social activities on mild cognitive impairment in community-dwelling elderly adults.

Objective: To investigate the correlation between BDNF gene polymorphism, BDNF levels, and susceptibility to mild cognitive impairment (MCI).

Methods: In this study, we investigated 107 elderly adults individuals from a community in Zhongshan, Guangdong Province, with an average age of 73.17 ± 7.

Atmospheric turbulence-distorted OAM mode recognition via multi-scale dilated convolution with multi-level feature fusion.

Vortex beams with orbital angular momentum (OAM) significantly enhance system capacity, and high-precision recognition of OAM mode through atmospheric turbulence (AT) channels can markedly improve the information transmission capability of free-space optical communication systems. In this paper, with a cylindrical lens-assisted distinguish between positive and negative OAM, a reliable neural network combining multi-scale dilated convolution (MSDC) unit and multi-level feature fusion (MLFF) module is proposed to detect high order AT-distorted OAM modes. The network fully exploits the features in light-intensity images to achieve a highest recognition accuracy of 99.

Elevated circulating levels of GFAP associated with reduced volumes in hippocampal subregions linked to mild cognitive impairment among community-dwelling elderly individuals.

Objective: Cerebrospinal fluid biomarkers are challenging to use for diagnosing mild cognitive impairment (MCI) in large populations, and there is an urgent need for new blood biomarkers. The aim of this study is to investigate whether astrocyte activation is correlated with hippocampal atrophy, and to assess the potential of glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP) as a biomarker for diagnosing MCI among community-dwelling older individuals.

Methods: This cross-sectional study included 107 older adults.

Experimental investigation on the characteristics of the shock wave emitted by the cavitation bubble near the air bubble.

This study explores the mitigation of cavitation damage in hydraulic engineering through air entrainment. The primary aim is to experimentally analyze the shock wave characteristics emitted by cavitation bubbles adjacent to air bubbles affixed to a tube nozzle. The schlieren optical system is utilized to visualize the shock wave, while a hydrophone measures its pressure.

Wave structure function, spatial coherence radius, and Fried parameter of optical wave propagating through ocean turbulence with a slant path.

The analytical formula for characteristic parameters of optical wave (wave structure function, spatial coherence radius, and Fried parameter) in the slant path of ocean turbulence are derived and analyzed. Under the Rytov approximation, the wave structure function derived by the oceanic power spectrum of the refractive index of optical turbulent fluctuations in the slant path still complies with the five-thirds power law of the Kolmogorov spectrum in the inertial subregion, and the relationship between spatial coherence radius and Fried parameters satisfies 2.1 times.

Analysis of a heterodyne detection system affected by irradiance and phase fluctuations in slant atmospheric turbulence.

A mathematical model considering the effects of amplitude and phase random fluctuations on the signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) of heterodyne detection was established, and the effects of irradiance and phase fluctuations on the performance of heterodyne detection were investigated. The results show that the inner scale of turbulence significantly affects the SNR. The first 20 Zernike modes have a greater effect on the SNR of the heterodyne detection system.

Diffraction characteristics of a Laguerre-Gaussian beam through a Maksutov-Cassegrain optical system.

Maksutov-Cassegrain (MC) systems are widely used in long-range free-space optical (FSO) communication. In this study, analytical expressions for the diffraction field of a Laguerre-Gaussian (LG) beam passing through an MC system have been derived. The numerical results reveal that, in the long-range FSO system, the replacement of a Gaussian beam by the LG beam enhances the emission efficiency of the MC.

Effect of angle-of-arrival fluctuation on heterodyne detection in slant atmospheric turbulence.

A mathematical model of the effect of random pointing errors on the mixing efficiency of heterodyne detection is established, and the effect of angle-of-arrival fluctuation on the mixing efficiency of heterodyne detection is investigated. The results show that the average mixing efficiency is significantly affected by the angle-of-arrival fluctuation in the outer scale. The larger the obscuration ratio and receiving aperture of the optical system, the lower the average mixing efficiency is.