Background: Differences between virtual bronchoscopic navigation (VBN) systems and their impacts on the diagnostic yield of transbronchial biopsy (TBB) of peripheral pulmonary nodules (PPNs) remain unclear.
Objectives: To compare the Synapse 3D system (Version 4.4, Fujifilm, Japan) and DirectPath system (Version 2.
Fungi are key decomposers of deadwood, but the impact of anthropogenic changes in nutrients and temperature on fungal community and its consequences for wood microbial respiration are not well understood. Here, we examined how nitrogen and phosphorus additions (field experiment) and warming (laboratory experiment) together influence fungal composition and microbial respiration from decomposing wood of angiosperms and gymnosperms in a subtropical forest. Nutrient additions significantly increased wood microbial respiration via fungal composition, but effects varied with nutrient types and taxonomic groups.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFCell Mol Biol (Noisy-le-grand)
June 2024
Nur77 is a member of the NR4A subfamily of orphan nuclear receptors that is expressed and has a function within the immune system. This study aimed to investigate the role of Nur77 in hypoxic pulmonary hypertension. SPF male SD rats were exposed in hypobaric chamber simulating 5000 m high altitude for 0, 3, 7, 14, 21 or 28 days.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFSMARCA4-deficient undifferentiated thoracic tumor is extremely invasive. This tumor with poor prognosis is easily confused with SMARCA4-deficent non-small cell lung cancer or sarcoma. Standard and efficient treatment has not been established.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFTrigeminal neuralgia (TN) is a severe and disabling facial pain condition and is characterized by intermittent, severe, electric shock-like pain in one (or more) trigeminal subdivisions. This pain can be triggered by an innocuous stimulus or can be spontaneous. Presently available therapies for TN include both surgical and pharmacological management; however, the lack of a known etiology for TN contributes to the unpredictable response to treatment and the variability in long-term clinical outcomes.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFTo study the long-term symptom burden among older COVID-19 survivors 2 years after hospital discharge and identify associated risk factors. The current cohort study included COVID-19 survivors aged 60 years and above, who were discharged between February 12 and April 10, 2020, from two designated hospitals in Wuhan, China. All patients were contacted via telephone and completed a standardized questionnaire assessing self-reported symptoms, the Checklist Individual Strength (CIS)-fatigue subscale, and two subscales of the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS).
View Article and Find Full Text PDFSoil microbes play key roles that support forest ecosystem functioning, while their community characteristics are strongly determined by tree species identity. However, the majority studies primarily focus on soil microorganisms in the topsoil, resulting in limited understanding of the linkages between tree species identity and the microbial communities that inhabit deep soils. Here we investigated the diversity, structure, function, and co-occurrence networks of soil bacterial and fungal communities, as well as related soil physicochemical properties, to a depth of two meters in dryland forests dominated by either Pinus tabuliformis, a native coniferous species, Robinia pseudoacacia, an exotic broadleaf and nitrogen-fixing species, or both.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFVerbal working memory is supported by a left-lateralized frontoparietal theta oscillatory (4-8 Hz) network. We tested whether stimulating the left frontoparietal network at theta frequency during verbal working memory can produce observable after-stimulation effects in behavior and neurophysiology. Weak theta-band alternating electric currents were delivered via two 4 × 1 HD electrode arrays centered at F3 and P3.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFNatural images containing affective scenes are used extensively to investigate the neural mechanisms of visual emotion processing. Functional fMRI studies have shown that these images activate a large-scale distributed brain network that encompasses areas in visual, temporal, and frontal cortices. The underlying spatial and temporal dynamics, however, remain to be better characterized.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFWater use efficiency (WUE) plays important role in understanding the interaction between carbon and water cycles in the plant-soil-atmosphere system. However, little is known regarding the impact of altered precipitation on plant WUE in arid and semi-arid regions. The study examined the effects of altered precipitation [i.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFCoronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) due to severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) has been associated with cardiovascular features, which may be deteriorated in patients with cancer. However, cardiac outcomes of cancer patients with COVID-19 have not been closely examined. We retrospectively assessed 1,244 patients with COVID-19 from February 1 to August 31, 2020 (140 cancer and 1,104 noncancer patients).
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBurkholderia pseudomallei is the etiological agent of melioidosis, which is an emerging infectious disease endemic to many tropical regions. Autophagy is an intrinsic cellular process that degrades cytoplasmic components and plays an important role in protecting the host against pathogens. Like many intracellular pathogens, B.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFThe perception of opportunities and threats in complex visual scenes represents one of the main functions of the human visual system. The underlying neurophysiology is often studied by having observers view pictures varying in affective content. It has been shown that viewing emotionally engaging, compared with neutral, pictures (1) heightens blood flow in limbic, frontoparietal, and anterior visual structures and (2) enhances the late positive event-related potential (LPP).
View Article and Find Full Text PDFIntroduction: Many commonly prescribed drugs cause cognitive deficits. We investigated whether parameters of the resting-state electroencephalogram (rsEEG) are related to the severity of cognitive impairments associated with administration of the antiseizure drug topiramate (TPM) and the benzodiazepine lorazepam (LZP).
Methods: We conducted a double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled crossover study.
Background: Thymosin alpha 1 (Tα1) had been used in the treatment of viral infections as an immune response modifier for many years. However, clinical benefits and the mechanism of Tα1 treatment for COVID-19 patients are still unclear.
Methods: We retrospectively reviewed the clinical outcomes of 76 severe COVID-19 cases admitted to 2 hospitals in Wuhan, China, from December 2019 to March 2020.
Microbes Infect
June 2020
In this study, we aimed to evaluate the diagnostic value of serological assay for SARS-CoV-2. A newly-developed ELISA assay for IgM and IgG antibodies against N protein of SARS-CoV-2 was used to screen the serums of 238 admitted hospital patients between February 6 and February 14, 2020 with confirmed or suspected SARS-CoV-2. SARS-CoV-2 RNA was detected on pharyngeal swab specimens using real time RT-PCR.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFCO fluxes from wood decomposition represent an important source of carbon from forest ecosystems to the atmosphere, which are determined by both wood traits and climate influencing the metabolic rates of decomposers. Previous studies have quantified the effects of moisture and temperature on wood decomposition, but these effects were not separated from the potential influence of wood traits. Indeed, it is not well understood how traits and climate interact to influence wood CO fluxes.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBackground: In late December, 2019, patients presenting with viral pneumonia due to an unidentified microbial agent were reported in Wuhan, China. A novel coronavirus was subsequently identified as the causative pathogen, provisionally named 2019 novel coronavirus (2019-nCoV). As of Jan 26, 2020, more than 2000 cases of 2019-nCoV infection have been confirmed, most of which involved people living in or visiting Wuhan, and human-to-human transmission has been confirmed.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFWorking memory capacity (WMC) measures the amount of information that can be maintained online in the face of distraction. Past work has shown that the efficiency with which the frontostriatal circuit filters out task-irrelevant distracting information is positively correlated with WMC. Recent work has demonstrated a role of posterior alpha oscillations (8-13 Hz) in providing a sensory gating mechanism.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFAn amendment to this paper has been published and can be accessed via a link at the top of the paper.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFWhen performing a demanding cognitive task, internal distraction in the form of task-irrelevant thoughts and mind wandering can shift our attention away from the task, negatively affecting task performance. Behaviorally, individuals with higher executive function indexed by higher working memory capacity (WMC) exhibit less mind wandering during cognitive tasks, but the underlying neural mechanisms are unknown. To address this problem, we recorded functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) data from subjects performing a cued visual attention task, and assessed their WMC in a separate experiment.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFPower (amplitude) and frequency are two important characteristics of EEG alpha oscillations (8-12 Hz). There is an extensive literature showing that alpha power can be modulated in a goal-oriented manner to either enhance or suppress sensory information processing. Only a few studies to date have examined the task-dependent modulation of alpha frequency.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFPurpose/background: Topiramate (TPM) and lorazepam (LZP) are two examples of frequently prescribed medications that are associated with a high incidence of cognitive impairment; however, the factors that underlie interindividual differences in side effect profiles have not been fully characterized. Our objective was to determine whether working memory capacity (WMC), the amount of information that can be stored and manipulated in memory over short time intervals, is one such factor.
Methods/procedures: Twenty-nine healthy volunteers completed a double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled crossover study during which they received placebo (PBO), TPM, and LZP in random order.