Multi-Task Deep Neural Networks for Irregularly Sampled Multivariate Clinical Time Series.

Multivariate clinical time series data, such as those contained in Electronic Health Records (EHR), often exhibit high levels of irregularity, notably, many missing values and varying time intervals. Existing methods usually construct deep neural network architectures that combine recurrent neural networks and time decay mechanisms to model variable correlations, impute missing values, and capture the impact of varying time intervals. The complete data matrices thus obtained from the imputation task are used for downstream risk prediction tasks.

Fine-grained Patient Similarity Measuring using Contrastive Graph Similarity Networks.

Predictive analytics using Electronic Health Records (EHRs) have become an active research area in recent years, especially with the development of deep learning techniques. A popular EHR data analysis paradigm in deep learning is patient representation learning, which aims to learn a condensed mathematical representation of individual patients. However, EHR data are often inherently irregular, i.

Lambs Grazing With Adult Ewes Prefer Forbs With High-Nutrient Content in Native Grasslands Dominated by and .

Grazing livestock in grasslands face the challenge of obtaining sufficient nutrition due to uneven distribution of plant species and fluctuating vegetation productivity and nutrient levels. In northern China, and are the dominant perennial species in native grasslands, but they provide limited nutrition compared to forbs with higher crude protein (CP) content. While dietary ingredients can affect the nutritional intake of grazing livestock, the influence of different grazing strategies on dietary selection remains unclear.

Enantioselective Au(I)-Catalyzed Cycloisomerization/Addition of Oxygen Nucleophiles to 2-Alkynylenones by the Tethered Counterion-Directed Catalysis Strategy.

The tethered counterion-directed catalysis (TCDC) strategy enables the Au(I)-catalyzed highly enantioselective synthesis of bicyclic furan derivatives via a reaction sequence combining the cycloisomerization of 2-alkynyl enones and the addition of nucleophiles. A large range of oxygenated nucleophiles, such as water, alcohols, carboxylic acids, and peroxides, have successfully been used as nucleophiles, delivering the chiral furane derivatives in high enantioselectivities (mostly above 90% enantiomeric excess). The CPAphosAuCl complexes were used with catalytic loadings as low as 0.

Clinical Efficacy of Unilateral Biportal Endoscopy with Unilateral Laminotomy for Bilateral Decompression.

Unilateral biportal endoscopy (UBE) with unilateral laminotomy for bilateral decompression (ULBD) is an essential neurosurgical procedure for the treatment of lumbar spinal stenosis. This technique offers significant advantages over traditional full laminectomy and spinal fusion fixation, providing surgeons with greater operational freedom and precision in decompression. The UBE-ULBD procedure stands out because of its distinct working and observation channels, which significantly augment the surgeon's maneuverability.

Quaternary Ammonium Salt-Based Intrinsic Antibacterial Polyurethanes: Optimizing the Antibacterial Activity via Cationic Main- or Side-Chain Design in Hard Segments.

Thermoplastic polyurethanes (TPUs) are one of the most appealing materials with extensive applications in biomedical fields due to their versatile mechanical properties and excellent biocompatibility. In response to the escalating challenges of bacterial infections, it is desirable to obtain TPUs with intrinsic antibacterial activity, particularly for application in biomedical devices and public places. Herein, a cationic main-/side-chain structure regulation strategy in the TPU hard segment was adopted to introduce and optimize the antibacterial activity.

Optimal Training Positive Sample Size Determination for Deep Learning with a Validation on CBCT Image Caries Recognition.

: During deep learning model training, it is essential to consider the balance among the effects of sample size, actual resources, and time constraints. Single-arm objective performance criteria (OPC) was proposed to determine the optimal positive sample size for training deep learning models in caries recognition. : An expected sensitivity (P) of 0.

Sex Differences in the Epidemiology, Risk Factors, and Prognosis of Malignant Ventricular Arrhythmias in Sepsis Patients.

Background: Women are frequently underrepresented in clinical trials and databases focusing on ventricular arrhythmias (VAs). However, understanding sex-based differences in risk factors and the prognosis of VAs is essential for tailoring personalized prevention and treatment strategies. This study aimed to investigate sex differences in the epidemiology, risk factors, and prognosis of VAs in patients with sepsis.

Association between Hematocrit and Acute Kidney Injury in Patients with Acute Myocardial Infarction.

Backgrounds: Hematocrit is found an independent risk factor for acute kidney injury (AKI) in certain patients, but this effect in patients with acute myocardial infarction (AMI) is unclear. We aim to identify the relationship between hematocrit and AKI in patients with AMI.

Methods: The patient data for the discovery and validation cohorts were extracted from the electronic Intensive Care Unit database and the Medical Information Mart for Intensive Care III database, respectively, to identify the relationship between hematocrit and AKI.

Electrocardiographic tracking of left ventricular hypertrophy in hypertension: incidence and prognostic outcomes from the SPRINT trial.

Background: This study explores the impact of intensive blood pressure (BP) control on left ventricular hypertrophy (LVH) incidence and evaluates the prognostic implications of LVH status (pre-existing/new-onset/persistent/regression) using Systolic Blood Pressure Intervention Trial (SPRINT) Electrocardiogram Data.

Methods: Poisson regression was used to assess new-onset LVH and LVH regression rates. Multivariable-adjusted Cox proportional hazard models determined the risk of adverse cardiovascular events (ACE), a composite of myocardial infarction (MI), non-MI acute coronary syndrome, stroke, heart failure, or cardiovascular death, alongside safety adverse events.

Biological Characteristics, Domesticated Cultivation Protocol, Antioxidant Activity, and Protective Effects against Cellular Oxidative Stress of an Underutilized Medicinal Mushroom: .

Brown-rot fungus is one of the important medicinal mushrooms, which include some species within the genus . This study identified wild macrofungi collected from a broad-leaved tree in Liaoning Province as using both morphological and molecular methods. To elucidate the potential medicinal and economic value of , we conducted single-factor and orthogonal tests to optimize its mycelium culture conditions.

Exosomes-mediated transmission of standard bovine viral diarrhea strain OregonC24Va in bovine trophoblast cells.

Bovine viral diarrhoea virus (BVDV) can infect cows on days 30-110 of gestation and crossing the placental barrier, resulting in persistently infected (PI) and causing significant economic losses to dairy farming. Bovine placental trophoblast cells (BTCs) are the major cells in the early chorionic tissue of the placenta and play important roles in placental resistance to viral transmission. In this study, we have confirmed that BTCs is among a groups of cell types those could be infected by BVDV in vivo, and BVDV infection stimulates the autophagic responses in BTCs and promotes the release of exosomes.

Efficacy of catheter ablation for ventricular tachycardia in ischemic cardiomyopathy patients without an ICD implantation.

Background: The implantable cardioverter-defibrillator (ICD) prevents sudden cardiac death in patients with ischemic cardiomyopathy (ICM). Catheter ablation has been shown to effectively reduce ventricular tachycardia (VT) recurrence, yet its efficacy in patients without an ICD implantation remains uncertain.

Objective: We aimed to investigate the outcomes of ablation for VT in patients with ICM without a backup ICD.

Association of stress hyperglycemia ratio and mortality in patients with sepsis: results from 13,199 patients.

Background: The stress hyperglycemia ratio (SHR), adjusted for average glycemic status, is suggested for assessing actual blood glucose levels. Its link with adverse outcomes is known in certain populations, yet its impact on sepsis patients' prognosis is unclear. This study explores the association between SHR and mortality in sepsis.

Molecular Dynamics Simulation Research on Fe Atom Precipitation Behaviour of Cu-Fe Alloys during the Rapid Solidification Processes.

To explore the crystalline arrangement of the alloy and the processes involving iron (Fe) precipitation, we employed molecular dynamics simulation with a cooling rate of 2 × 10 for CuFe (where X represents 1%, 3%, 5%, and 10%) alloy. The results reveal that when the Fe content was 1%, Fe atoms consistently remained uniformly distributed as the temperature of the alloy decreased. Further, there was no Fe atom aggregation phenomenon.

Rice false smut pathogen: implications for mycotoxin contamination, current status, and future perspectives.

Rice serves as a staple food across various continents worldwide. The rice plant faces significant threats from a range of fungal, bacterial, and viral pathogens. Among these, rice false smut disease (RFS) caused by is one of the devastating diseases in rice fields.

Rare NUP98::PRRX1 fusion transcript in a therapy-related acute myeloid leukemia associated with del(7q) following chemotherapy for diffuse large B-cell lymphoma.

Background: Therapy-related acute myeloid leukemia (t-AML) is increasingly recognized as a treatment complication in patients receiving chemotherapy, radiotherapy, or immunosuppressive agents for primary neoplasms. NUP98::PRRX1 fusion gene, caused by t(1;11)(q23;p15), is a rare recurrent cytogenetic alteration in leukemia, and only seven cases with NUP98::PRRX1 were reported so far.

Methods: A 53-year-old female patient was diagnosed with t-AML after 20 months of complete remission (CR) from diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL).