Antagonistic activity of Pochonia chlamydosporia against three helminth eggs and characterization of its serine protease.

To address the economic burden caused by livestock parasitic diseases, particularly gastrointestinal nematodes (GIN) and liver flukes, which are exacerbated by growing anthelmintic resistance, researchers are increasingly focusing on biological control strategies as a promising solution. Among these, the fungus Pochonia chlamydosporia has demonstrated promising helminth control properties. This study explored the potential of P.

Dissipative particle dynamics simulations on the self-assembly of rod-coil asymmetric diblock molecular brushes bearing responsive side chains.

The self-assembly behaviors of rod-coil asymmetric diblock molecular brushes (ADMBs) bearing responsive side chains in a selective solvent are investigated dissipative particle dynamics simulations. By systematically varying the polymerization degree, copolymer concentration, and side chain length, several morphological phase diagrams were constructed. ADMB assemblies exhibited a rich variety of morphologies, including cylindrical micelles, spherical micelles, nanowires, polyhedral micelles, ellipsoid micelles, and large compound micelles.

Ultrasound-guided suction using negative pressure, curettage, and percutaneous drainage to treat rectus sheath hematoma.

Background: This study aimed to introduce and evaluate a new treatment method for rectus sheath hematoma: ultrasound-guided suction using negative pressure, curettage, and percutaneous drainage.

Methods: This retrospective study involved five patients with rectus sheath hematoma rectus sheath hematoma who had cesarean sections. For all patients, ultrasound revealed that the maximum diameter of their hematoma exceeded 70 mm.

Tetraphenylethylene-Derived Tetracarboxylate Featuring AIE Properties for Dual Ion Sensing and Mechanochromic Self-Erasable Writing.

The integration of multiple functions within a single fluorescent molecule provides a promising platform for developing versatile, efficient, and cost-effective materials with enhanced performance across diverse applications. In this study, we introduce TPEC, an aggregation-induced emission (AIE) molecule derived from tetraphenylethylene-based tetracarboxylate, which demonstrates multifunctional capabilities, including metal ion sensing and self-erasable writing. TPEC exhibits amphiphilicity in water, self-assembling into single-layer nanosheets with robust blue fluorescence.

TDFPS-Designer: an efficient toolkit for barcode design and selection in nanopore sequencing.

Oxford Nanopore Technologies (ONT) offers ultrahigh-throughput multi-sample sequencing but only provides barcode kits that enable up to 96-sample multiplexing. We present TDFPS-Designer, a new toolkit for nanopore sequencing barcode design, which creates significantly more barcodes: 137 with a length of 20 base pairs, 410 at 24 bp, and 1779 at 30 bp, far surpassing ONT's offerings. It includes GPU-based acceleration for ultra-fast demultiplexing and designs robust barcodes suitable for high-error ONT data.

Causality of multiple serum metabolites on emotional lability: A two-sample Mendelian randomization study.

Background: Emotional lability (EL)-a transdiagnostic feature characterized by rapid emotional shifts-contributes significantly to functional impairment across psychiatric disorders, such as depression, bipolar disorder, and schizophrenia. Despite its clinical significance, its etiology remains poorly understood, hindering effective screening and interventions. Growing evidence suggests that metabolic alterations may play a crucial role in the pathophysiology of psychiatric disorders.

Interactions between polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons and genetic variants in the cGAS-STING pathway affect the risk of colorectal cancer.

The cGAS-STING pathway plays an essential role in the activation of tumor immune cells. Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) are environmental pollutants with potential carcinogenicity, and their exposure is associated with the development of colorectal cancer. However, the impacts of genetic factors in the cGAS‒STING pathway and gene‒environment interactions on colorectal cancer remain understudied.

The Protective Effects of Mcl-1 on Mitochondrial Damage and Oxidative Stress in Imiquimod-Induced Cancer Cell Death.

Mitochondria, vital organelles that generate ATP, determine cell fate. Dysfunctional and damaged mitochondria are fragmented and removed through mitophagy, a mitochondrial quality control mechanism. The FDA-approved drug IMQ, a synthetic agonist of Toll-like receptor 7, exhibits antitumor activity against various skin malignancies.

Comparative analysis of hepatic fat quantification across 5 T, 3 T and 1.5 T: A study on consistency and feasibility.

Objectives: Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is a critical noninvasive technique for evaluating liver steatosis, with efficient and precise fat quantification being essential for diagnosing liver diseases. This study leverages 5 T ultra-high-field MRI to demonstrate the clinical significance of liver fat quantification, and explores the consistency and accuracy of the Proton Density Fat Fraction (PDFF) in the liver across different magnetic field strengths and measurement methodologies.

Methods: The study involved phantoms with lipid contents ranging from 0 % to 30 % and 35 participants (21 females, 14 males; average age 30.

Tailoring O-Monodentate Adsorption of CO Initiates C-N Coupling for Efficient Urea Electrosynthesis with Ultrahigh Carbon Atom Economy.

The thermodynamically and kinetically sluggish electrocatalytic C-N coupling from CO and NO is inert to initially take place while typically occurring after CO protonation, which severely dwindles urea efficiency and carbon atom economy. Herein, we report a single O-philic adsorption strategy to facilitate initial C-N coupling of *OCO and subsequent protonation over dual-metal hetero-single-atoms in N-Fe-(N-B)-Cu-N coordination mode (FeN/BCuN@NC), which greatly inhibits the formation of C-containing byproducts and facilitates urea electrosynthesis in an unprecedented C-selectivity of 97.1 % with urea yield of 2072.

Supramolecular Sequential Light-Harvesting Systems for Constructing White LED Device and Latent Fingerprint Imaging.

The fabrication of supramolecular light-harvesting systems (LHS) with sequential energy transfer is of significance in utilizing light energy. In this study, we report the non-covalent self-assembly of a sequential LHS by pillar[5]arene-based host-guest interaction in water and its applications in white light-emitting diode (LED) device and latent fingerprint imaging. The host-guest complex WP5 G self-assembles into nanoparticles in water and shows enhanced aggregation-induced emission (AIE) effect.

Detection and recognition of the invasive species, Hylurgus ligniperda, in traps, based on a cascaded convolution neural network.

Background: Hylurgus ligniperda, an invasive species originating from Eurasia, is now a major forestry quarantine pest worldwide. In recent years, it has caused significant damage in China. While traps have been effective in monitoring and controlling pests, manual inspections are labor-intensive and require expertise in insect classification.

Self-assembly of amphiphilic asymmetric comb-like copolymers with responsive rigid side chains.

Amphiphilic asymmetric comb-like copolymers (AACCs) exhibit distinct self-assembly behaviours due to their unique architecture. However, the synthetic difficulties of well-defined AACCs have prohibited a systematic understanding of the architecture-morphology relationship. In this work, we conducted dissipative particle dynamics simulations to investigate the self-assembly behaviours of AACCs with responsive rigid side chains in selective solvents.

Characterization of the complete mitochondrial genome of Paecilomyces variotii and comparative evolutionary mitochondriomics of 36 fungi.

Backgroud: Paecilomyces variotii has important economic value in stimulating crop growth, biodegradation, and other aspects. Up to now, there are no research reports on its mitochondrial genome.

Methods And Results: The mitochondrial genome of Paecilomyces variotii was determined with the next-generation sequencing method (Illumina, NovaSeq), and its characteristics were analyzed using various bioinformatics approaches.

Comparison Between Drug-Coated Balloon and Stents in Large De Novo Coronary Artery Disease: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of RCT Data.

Purpose: Although a number of studies involving small-vessel de novo coronary disease showed clinical benefits of drug-coated balloons (DCB), the role of DCB in large vessel lesions is still unclear.

Methods: We searched main electronic databases for randomized controlled trials (RCTs) comparing DCB with stents for large vessel de novo coronary artery disease. The primary endpoint was major cardiovascular adverse events (MACE), composite cardiovascular death (CD), myocardial infarction (MI), or target lesion revascularization (TLR).

Omics for deciphering oral microecology.

The human oral microbiome harbors one of the most diverse microbial communities in the human body, playing critical roles in oral and systemic health. Recent technological innovations are propelling the characterization and manipulation of oral microbiota. High-throughput sequencing enables comprehensive taxonomic and functional profiling of oral microbiomes.

Electron Localization-Triggered Proton Pumping Toward Cu Single Atoms for Electrochemical CO Methanation of Unprecedented Selectivity.

Slow multi-proton coupled electron transfer kinetics and unexpected desorption of intermediates severely hinder the selectivity of CO methanation. In this work, a one-stone-two-bird strategy of pumping protons and improving adsorption configuration/capability enabled by electron localization is developed to be highly efficient for CH electrosynthesis over Cu single atoms anchored on bismuth vacancies of BiVO (BiVO─Cu), with superior kinetic isotope effect and high CH Faraday efficiency (92%), far outperforming state-of-the-art electrocatalysts for CO methanation. Control experiments and theoretical calculations reveal that the bismuth vacancies (V) not only act as active sites for HO dissociation but also induce electron transfer toward Cu single-atom sites.

Automated detection and segmentation of pleural effusion on ultrasound images using an Attention U-net.

Background: Ultrasonic for detecting and evaluating pleural effusion is an essential part of the Extended Focused Assessment with Sonography in Trauma (E-FAST) in emergencies. Our study aimed to develop an Artificial Intelligence (AI) diagnostic model that automatically identifies and segments pleural effusion areas on ultrasonography.

Methods: An Attention U-net and a U-net model were used to detect and segment pleural effusion on ultrasound images of 848 subjects through fully supervised learning.

Mitophagy in neurodegenerative disease pathogenesis.

Mitochondria are critical cellular energy resources and are central to the life of the neuron. Mitophagy selectively clears damaged or dysfunctional mitochondria through autophagic machinery to maintain mitochondrial quality control and homeostasis. Mature neurons are postmitotic and consume substantial energy, thus require highly efficient mitophagy pathways to turn over damaged or dysfunctional mitochondria.

A Nomogram Based on Conventional and Contrast-Enhanced Ultrasound for Pre-operative Prediction of Nipple-Areola Complex Involvement in Breast Cancer: A Prospective Study.

Objective: Accurately predicting nipple-areola complex (NAC) involvement in breast cancer is essential for identifying eligible patients for a nipple-sparing mastectomy. This study was aimed at developing a pre-operative nomogram for NAC involvement in breast cancer using conventional ultrasound (US) and contrast-enhanced ultrasound (CEUS).

Methods: All patients with primary breast cancer confirmed by pre-operative biopsy underwent US and CEUS examinations.

Selective C(sp)-S Bond Cleavage of Thioethers to Build Up Unsymmetrical Disulfides.

The selective C(sp)-S bond cleavage of thioethers was first developed to prepare unsymmetrical disulfides by using electrophilic halogenation reagents. In this strategy, NBS (-bromosuccinimide) achieves selective furfuryl C(sp)-S bond cleavage of furfuryl alkylthioethers at room temperature. Meanwhile, NFSI (-fluorobenzenesulfonimide) enables selective methyl C(sp)-S bond cleavage of aryl and alkyl methylthioethers at an elevated temperature.

Lysine lactylation regulates metabolic pathways and biofilm formation in .

In eukaryotes, lactate produced during glycolysis is involved in regulating multiple metabolic processes through lysine lactylation (Kla). To explore the potential link between metabolism and Kla in prokaryotes, we investigated the distribution of Kla in the cariogenic bacterium during planktonic growth in low-sugar conditions and in biofilm-promoting, high-sugar conditions. We identified 1869 Kla sites in 469 proteins under these two conditions, with the biofilm growth state showing a greater number of lactylated sites and proteins.

Host-Guest Complexes of Pillar[5]arene as Components for Supramolecular Light-Harvesting Systems with Tunable Fluorescence.

A guest molecule containing a short alkyl spacer between the tetraphenylethylene group and the methylpyridinium group was designed and synthesized. After complexation with a water-soluble pillar[5]arene, the resulting host-guest complex can further self-assemble into fluorescence-emitting nanoparticles in water. By loading a commercially available dye Rhodamine 6G into the nanoparticles, an efficient artificial light-harvesting system with high donor/acceptor ratios (>400/1) was successfully constructed.