Associations of environmental cadmium exposure with kidney damage: Exploring mediating DNA methylation sites in Chinese adults.

Environmental exposure is widely recognized as the primary sources of Cadmium (Cd) in the human body, and exposure to Cd is associated with kidney damage in adults. Nevertheless, the role of DNA methylation in Cd-induced kidney damage remains unclear. This study aimed to investigate the epigenome-wide association of environmental Cd-related DNA methylation changes with kidney damage.

Ligustilide alleviates the insulin resistance, lipid accumulation, and pathological injury with elevated phosphorylated AMPK level in rats with diabetes mellitus.

Background: Diabetes mellitus (DM) is one of the major risk factors of disability and death worldwide. Despite of the protective role of ligustilide (LIG) in many cell types, we aimed to investigate whether LIG could be a potential to treat DM.

Methods: Sprague Dawley rats were randomly assigned to five groups.

Validation of spot urine in predicting 24-h sodium excretion at the individual level.

Evidence for the effect of dietary sodium intake on the risk of cardiovascular disease has been controversial. One of the main explanations for the conflicting results lies in the great variability associated with measurement methods for sodium intake. Spot urine collection is a convenient method commonly used for sodium estimation, but its validity for predicting 24-h urinary sodium excretion at the individual level has not been well evaluated among the general population.

Evaluation of a community-based behavioral weight loss program in Chinese adults: A randomized controlled trial.

Objective: Weight losses between a group of participants assigned to a weight loss program based in the community [i.e., specifically the methodology used by Weight Watchers (WW)] and a Nutrition Education (NE) control group were compared in this study.

[The influence of maternal nutrition on children physical development].

Objective: To study the effect of maternal nutrition status on child growth in China.

Methods: The study was performed using data from 2002 China Nutrition Health Survey in which data were collected through stratified multi-stage cluster samples in 31 provinces, autonomous regions, and municipalities. Accroding to the height of women aged 18-44 y was 156.

[The role of dietary factors in chronic disease control in China].

Objective: To examine the association of dietary patterns with chronic diseases and their indicators.

Methods: Using the data from 2002 National Nutrition and Health Survey, we divided the subjects into clusters according to their dietary patterns classified by different percentage of energy intake from cereal foods, carbohydrate and fat, respectively. The analysis of variance was used to identify the difference in chronic disease prevalence across clusters of subjects while controlling for age, gender and geographic regions.

[Effect of nutritional status during infancy and childhood on the risk of overweight and obesity in adulthood].

Objective: To examine the association between fetal nutritional status and overweight and obesity in their adulthood and to provide evidence for formulation of the strategy on preventing low birth weight.

Methods: Using data from 2002 Nationwide Nutrition and Health Survey to set up a case-control method in order to compare body mass index(BMI), prevalence of overweight and obesity as well as to calculate odds ratio of overweight and obesity of case group compared with control group. Three case groups were selected from those who were born in 1959, 1960,1961 respectively, and the controls were those who were born in 1964.

[Study on weight and height of the Chinese people and the differences between 1992 and 2002].

Objective: To describe the current situation and trends of mean weight and height of the Chinese people.

Methods: Subjects of 71,971 households from 31 provinces were selected by stratified multi-stage cluster random sampling method. Height from 210 136 and weight from 202 749 subjects aged 2-79 years were used to describe their trends of development during 1992-2002.

[Three years follow-up study on the changes of overweight and obesity among 862 pre-school children in Beijing city].

Objective: To study the trend of changes of overweight and obesity among pre-school children in Beijing city.

Methods: An epidemiological survey was conducted in 10 representative kindergartens in urban Beijing. 862 children who were 3 - 4 years old in the first survey in 2000 were followed in 2001 and 2002.

[Study on the relationship between body mass index and risk factors of chronic diseases of Beijing urban residences].

Unlabelled: This study aimed to analysis the relationship among body mass index (BMI) and waist circumference (WC) with chronic diseases risk factors--serum total cholesterol (TC), triglyceridaemia(TG), high density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C), fasting blood glucose (FBG), systolic blood pressure (SBP), diastolic blood pressure (DBP) and the prevalence of chronic diseases. The data was collected from 1995 to 1998 in the study of community base integrated intervention of non-communicable chronic diseases.

Results: The prevalence of overweight and obesity in male was 41.

[Influence of calcium content among different calcium agents on absorbing and bone density of rats].

To identify the influence of different calcium contents among different calcium agents on absorbing and born density of rats, wistar rats are fed with diet containing different contents of calcium of different calcium agents. 3-day calcium metabolization experiment is carried out in the fourth week and atomic absorption spectrophotometry is applied to measure the calcium content of their dejecta and to estimate apparent absorptivity. Rats are killed in the twelfth week, and their thighbones are peeled.