Distributed Partial Discharge Locating and Detecting Scheme Based on Optical Fiber Rayleigh Backscattering Light Interference.

Optical fiber sensors are used for partial discharge detection in many applications due their advantage of strong anti-electromagnetic interference capability. Multi-point distributed partial discharge detection and location are important for electrical equipment. In this paper, a distributed partial discharge location and detection scheme based on optical fiber Rayleigh backscattering light interference is experimentally demonstrated.

Twisted Gaussian Schell-model breathers and solitons in strongly nonlocal nonlinear media.

Based on the Snyder-Mitchell linear model and the cross-spectral density (CSD) function, the analytical propagation formula of twisted Gaussian Schell-model (TGSM) beams in strongly nonlocal nonlinear medium (SNNM) is derived. Then the propagation characteristics of TGSM beam are studied. It is found that the soliton radius is jointly determined by the initial power, coherence length, and twist factor; the degree of spatial coherence is adjusted by changing the twist factor without affecting the soliton intensity.

Superimposed Hermite-Gaussian-correlated Schell-model beam with multiple off-axis vortices.

We first introduce a class of a superimposed Hermite-Gaussian-correlated Schell model with a multiple off-axis vortices beam, with the side lobe of the beam carrying one to four vortex singularities at the source plane. Subsequently, the variation laws of this beam after being focused by a thin lens are studied theoretically to obtain the optimal beam parameters. The numerical simulation results show that the beam possesses a unique multiple vortex structure, phase structure, and orbital angular momentum.

Evolution properties of twisted Hermite Gaussian Schell-model beams in non-Kolmogorov turbulence.

A general form of twisted Hermite Gaussian Schell-model (THGSM) beams is introduced; analytical expressionsare obtained for cross-spectral density and M-factor using the extended Huygens-Fresnel principle and Wigner function. The evolution of THGSM beams during propagation in non-Kolmogorov turbulence is shown numerically; the beams exhibit self-splitting and twist into two lobes. The intensity distribution evolves into a Gaussian shape and beam quality worsens with increasing distance; the intensity distribution and M-factor are determined by the twist factor, beam orders, and other beam parameters.

Spreading a water droplet through filter paper on the metal substrate for surface-enhanced laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy.

To improve the quantitative analysis accuracy of an aqueous solution using surface-enhanced laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy (SENLIBS), the filter paper was used as a transmission medium by placing it onto the surface of a metallic substrate to make the microdroplet spreading more uniform in a fixed region of the substrate surface. The trace elements (Cu, Pb, Cd, and Cr) in an aqueous solution were detected successfully using this method. The results showed that the sample preparation repeatability of SENLIBS was noticeably improved with the aid of filter paper.

Optimization of the probability of orbital angular momentum for Laguerre-Gaussian beam in Kolmogorov and non-Kolmogorov turbulence.

We derive the probabilities of the signal OAM state and crosstalk OAM state for a Laguerre-Gaussian (LG) beam propagating through Kolmogorov and Non-Kolmogorov turbulence, and derive the accurate analytical function of the probability for the received OAM state modulated by an arbitrary receiver aperture. The probability of the detected OAM state with a receiver aperture for different values of the radius is demonstrated numerically. Our numerical results show that the probability of the signal OAM state remains almost invariant when the radius of the receiver aperture varies.

Berberine lowers blood glucose in type 2 diabetes mellitus patients through increasing insulin receptor expression.

Our previous work demonstrated that berberine (BBR) increases insulin receptor (InsR) expression and improves glucose utility both in vitro and in animal models. Here, we study the InsR-up-regulating and glucose-lowering activities of BBR in humans. Our results showed that BBR increased InsR messenger RNA and protein expression in a variety of human cell lines, including CEM, HCT-116, SW1990, HT1080, 293T, and hepatitis B virus-transfected human liver cells.