Glymphatic system in the thalamus, secondary degeneration area was severely impaired at 2nd week after transient occlusion of the middle cerebral artery in rats.

Background And Objectives: The glymphatic system is a recently discovered cerebrospinal fluid transport system and little is known about its dynamic changes after stroke. This study aimed to dynamically observe the structural and functional changes of the impaired glymphatic system in the thalamus after ischemic stroke by pathology and MRI.

Materials And Methods: Ischemic stroke was induced by the middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO) model.

Continuous dynamic gesture spotting algorithm based on Dempster-Shafer Theory in the augmented reality human computer interaction.

Background: Human-computer interaction (HCI) is an important feature of augmented reality (AR) technology. The naturalness is the inevitable trend of HCI. Gesture is the most natural and frequently used body auxiliary interaction mode in daily interactions except for language.

Segmentation of peritumoral oedema offers a valuable radiological feature of cerebral metastasis.

Objective: Peritumoral oedema (PTO) is commonly observed on MRI in malignant brain tumours including brain metastasis (bMET) and glioblastoma multiforme (GBM). This study aimed to differentiate bMET from GBM by comparing the volume ratio of PTO to tumour lesion (Rvol).

Methods: 56 patients with solitary bMET or GBM were enrolled, and MRI was analyzed by a semi-automatic methodology based on MATLAB (Mathworks, Natick, MA).

Reprogramming of adult human neural stem cells into induced pluripotent stem cells.

Background: Since an effective method for generating induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) from human neural stem cells (hNSCs) can offer us a promising tool for studying brain diseases, here we reported direct reprogramming of adult hNSCs into iPSCs by retroviral transduction of four defined factors.

Methods: NSCs were successfully isolated and cultured from the hippocampus tissue of epilepsy patients. When combined with four factors (OCT3/4, SOX2, KLF4, and c-MYC), iPSCs colonies were successfully obtained.

3,3'-Diindolymethane ameliorates adriamycin-induced cardiac fibrosis via activation of a BRCA1-dependent anti-oxidant pathway.

The cardiotoxicity of adriamycin greatly limits its application in the treatment of cancer. Heart failure that is caused by adriamycin-treatment induced cardiac fibrosis is a major cause of death in patients who are treated with this medication. The severe oxidative stress that is induced by adriamycin is considered to be one of the primary mechanisms by which fibrogenesis of cardiac tissue occurs.

[Preliminary experience of 16-layer three-dimensional computed tomography in diagnosis and treatment of arteriovenous malformations].

Purpose: We assessed the value of 16-layer three-dimensional computed tomography angiography (3D-CTA) and digital subtraction angiography (DSA) in diagnosis of the arteriovenous malformations (AVM).

Methods: 16 patients with AVM were examined by 16 layers CT scan and DSA.

Results: The DSA imaging provided excellent visualization in all of patients, including size, location, and feeding arterial of AVM.