Resveratrol Protects Müller Cells Against Ferroptosis in the Early Stage of Diabetic Retinopathy by Regulating the Nrf2/GPx4/PTGS2 Pathway.

The aim of this study was to investigate the anti-ferroptotic effect of resveratrol (RSV) on retinal Müller cells (RMCs) in the early stages of diabetic retinopathy (DR) via the nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2)/glutathione peroxidase 4 (GPx4)/prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase 2 (PTGS2). The retina was obtained from normal and diabetic Sprague-Dawley rats or wild-type and Nrf2 knockout (KO) diabetic mice, with or without RSV (10 mg/kg/d) treatment for 12 weeks. RMCs transfected with or without SiNrf2 were cultured with high glucose and RSV (20 mM).

Global, regional, and national burden of female cancers in women of child-bearing age, 1990-2021: analysis of data from the global burden of disease study 2021.

Background: The global status of women's health is underestimated, particularly the burden on women of child-bearing age (WCBA). We aim to investigate the pattern and trend of female cancers among WCBA from 1990 to 2021.

Methods: We retrieved data from the Global Burden of Disease Study (GBD) 2021 on the incidence and disability-adjusted life-years (DALYs) of four major female cancers (breast, cervical, uterine, and ovarian cancer) among WCBA (15-49 years) in 204 countries and territories from 1990 to 2021.

Pathogenesis of cardiovascular diseases: effects of mitochondrial CF6 on endothelial cell function.

Cardiovascular disease (CVD) stands as a predominant global cause of morbidity and mortality, necessitating effective and cost-efficient therapies for cardiovascular risk reduction. Mitochondrial coupling factor 6 (CF6), identified as a novel proatherogenic peptide, emerges as a significant risk factor in endothelial dysfunction development, correlating with CVD severity. CF6 expression can be heightened by CVD risk factors like mechanical force, hypoxia, or high glucose stimuli through the NF-κB pathway.

Global and regional burden estimation of HIV-associated non-Hodgkin's lymphoma: a meta-analysis and modelling analysis protocol.

Introduction: HIV infection is one of the complex aetiologies of non-Hodgkin's lymphoma (NHL). However, the contribution of HIV to burden of NHL across time and region has not yet been comprehensively reported and quantified. Thus, this study aims to evaluate the relative risk of NHL in individuals with HIV infection compared with those without by performing a comprehensive meta-analysis.

Relationship between the longitudinal trajectory of the triglyceride-glucose index and the development of CKD: an 8-year retrospective longitudinal cohort study.

Background: The triglyceride-glucose (TyG) index, a simple surrogate marker of insulin resistance, is significantly associated with chronic kidney disease (CKD). However, there is limited research on the longitudinal trajectory of TyG index over time and its relationship with CKD.

Objective: To analyse the characteristics of the longitudinal trajectory of the TyG index over time and its association with the development of CKD in a health check-up population.

Corrigendum: Relationship between the longitudinal trajectory of the triglyceride-glucose index and the development of CKD: an 8-year retrospective longitudinal cohort study.

[This corrects the article DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2024.

[Screening value and correlation of body measurement indices for metabolic syndrome in the population undergoing physical examinations in Chengdu during 2018-2020].

Objective: To investigate the screening value and correlation of body measurement indicators for metabolic syndrome(MS) and to provide evidence for MS screening.

Methods: Through a cross-sectional research approach, data from individuals aged 18 and above who participated in health examinations at the North Health Management Center of Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital from 2018 to 2020 were reviewed. Data including height, weight, waist circumference, hip circumference, systolic blood pressure, diastolic blood pressure, fasting plasma glucose, triglycerides, total cholesterol, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol, smoking history, and alcohol consumption history were collected.

Bi-Directional H-Bonding Modulated Soft/Hard Polyethylene Glycol-Polyaniline Coated Si-Anode for High-Performance Li-Ion Batteries.

Ultrahigh-capacity silicon (Si) anodes are essential for the escalating energy demands driven by the booming e-transportation and energy storage field. However, their practical applications are strictly hampered by their intrinsically low electroconductivity, sluggish Li-ion diffusion, and undesirably large volume change. Herein, a high-performance Si anode, comprised of a modulated soft/hard coating of polyethylene glycol (PEG) (as Li-ion conductor) and polyaniline (PANI) (as electron conductor) on the surface of Si nanoparticles (NPs) through H-bonding network, is introduced.

Regulating Grafting Density to Realize High-Areal-Capacity Silicon Submicroparticle Anodes Under Ultralow Binder Content.

Grafted biopolymer binders are demonstrated to improve the processability and cycling stability of the silicon (Si) nanoparticle anodes. However, there is little systematical exploration regarding the relationship between grafting density and performance of grafted binder for Si anodes, especially when Si particles exceed the critical breaking size. Herein, a series of guar gum grafted polyacrylamide (GP) binders with different grafting densities are designed and prepared to determine the optimal grafting density for maximizing the electrochemical performance of Si submicroparticle (SiSMP) anodes.

Sr-induced Fermi Engineering of β-FeOOH for Multifunctional Catalysis.

Designing a multifunctional electrocatalyst to produce H from water, urea, urine, and wastewater, is highly desirable yet challenging because it demands precise Fermi-engineering to realize stronger π-donation from O 2p to electron(e)-deficient metal (t) d-orbitals. Here a Sr-induced phase transformed β-FeOOH/α-Ni(OH) catalyst anchored on Ni-foam (designated as pt-NFS) is introduced, where Sr produces plenteous Fe (Fe → Fe) to modulate Fermi level and e-transfer from e-rich Ni(t)-orbitals to e-deficient Fe(t)-orbitals, via strong π-donation from the π-symmetry lone-pair of O bridge. pt-NFS utilizes Fe-sites near the Sr-atom to break the H─O─H bonds and weakens the adsorption of *O while strengthening that of *OOH, toward hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) and oxygen evolution reaction (OER), respectively.

Estimates of the global burden of non-Hodgkin lymphoma attributable to HIV: a population attributable modeling study.

Background: Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) significantly increases the risk of non-Hodgkin lymphoma (NHL) development, yet the population-level impact on NHL burden is unquantified. We aim to quantify this association and estimate the global burden of HIV-associated NHL.

Methods: In this meta-analysis, we searched five databases (PubMed, EMBASE, Cochrane Library, Web of Science, Scopus) from database inception up to September 13, 2023, identifying cohort, case-control, or cross-sectional studies with an effective control group to assess NHL risk among individuals with HIV infection, with two authors extracting summary data from reports.

Electron-Sponge Nature of Polyoxometalates for Next-Generation Electrocatalytic Water Splitting and Nonvolatile Neuromorphic Devices.

Designing next-generation molecular devices typically necessitates plentiful oxygen-bearing sites to facilitate multiple-electron transfers. However, the theoretical limits of existing materials for energy conversion and information storage devices make it inevitable to hunt for new competitors. Polyoxometalates (POMs), a unique class of metal-oxide clusters, have been investigated exponentially due to their structural diversity and tunable redox properties.

Advanced inorganic lithium metasilicate binder for high-performance silicon anode.

Silicon (Si) is considered a high-capacity anode material with potential for next-generation lithium-ion batteries. However, the commercial application of Si anode is seriously hindered by huge volume variation (>300%) and limited Li diffusion ability. Herein, lithium metasilicate (LS), a novel inorganic binder, was innovatively developed to accommodate these challenges.

Perturbations in gut microbiota composition in patients with polycystic ovary syndrome: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Background: The results of human observational studies on the correlation between gut microbiota perturbations and polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) have been contradictory. This study aimed to perform the first systematic review and meta-analysis to evaluate the specificity of the gut microbiota in PCOS patients compared to healthy women.

Methods: Literature through May 22, 2023, was searched on PubMed, Web of Science, Medline, Embase, Cochrane Library, and Wiley Online Library databases.

Breaking Barriers: Binder-Assisted NiS/NiS Heterostructure Anode with High Initial Coulombic Efficiency for Advanced Sodium-Ion Batteries.

Developing sodium-ion batteries (SIBs) with high initial coulombic efficiency (ICE) and long-term cycling stability is crucial to meet energy storage device requirements. Designing anode materials that could exhibit high ICE is a promising strategy to realize enhanced energy density in SIBs. A trifunctional network binder substantially improves the electrochemical performance and ICE, providing excellent mechanical properties and strong adhesion strength.

Global and Regional Estimate of HIV-Associated Stroke Burden: A Meta-Analysis and Population Attributable Modeling Study.

Background: This study aimed to determine the correlation between human-immunodeficiency-virus (HIV) infection and stroke, as well as to estimate the global, regional, and national burden of HIV-associated stroke.

Methods: A registered meta-analysis was performed by searching PubMed, Embase, and Web of Science for relevant literature up to October 31, 2022. The pooled relative risk of stroke in HIV-infected people was calculated using a random-effects model.

Efficacy and safety of subcutaneous semaglutide in adults with overweight or obese: a subgroup meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials.

Introduction: Semaglutide shows significant performance on weight reduction in several clinical trials. However, it is not clear what kind of administration frequency or dosage will achieve better effects. This study aims to explore the different therapeutic effect of semaglutide on weight control under the diverse administration circumstances.

Global and regional estimates of cervical cancer burden associated with human immunodeficiency virus infection from 1990 to 2019.

Previous studies reported human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) could enhance human papillomavirus (HPV)-induced cervical cancer. Therefore, the burden of cervical cancer associated with HIV across different regions and time periods need to be assessed. We aim to investigate the global burden of cervical cancer associated with HIV infection.

Time to abandon CAR-T monotherapy for solid tumors.

In recent decades, chimeric antigen receptor T (CAR-T) cell therapy has achieved dramatic success in patients with hematological malignancies. However, CAR-T cell therapy failed to effectively treat solid tumors as a monotherapy. By summarizing the challenges of CAR-T cell monotherapy for solid tumors and analyzing the underlying mechanisms of combinatorial strategies to counteract these hurdles, we found that complementary therapeutics are needed to improve the scant and transient responses of CAR-T cell monotherapy in solid tumors.

V-Integration Modulates t -Electrons of a Single Crystal Ir (Ir V O ) -BHC for Boosted and Durable OER in Acidic Electrolyte.

Realizing efficacious π-donation from the O 2p orbital to electron-deficient metal (t ) d-orbitals along with separately tuned adsorption of *O and *OOH, is an imperious pre-requisite for an electrocatalyst design to demonstrate boosted oxygen evolution reaction (OER) performance. To regulate the π-donation and the adsorption ability for *O and *OOH, herein, a facile strategy to modulate the electron transfer from electron-rich t -orbitals to electron-deficient t -orbitals, via strong π-donation from the π-symmetry lone pairs of the bridging O , and the d-band center of a biomimetic honeycomb (BHC)-like nanoarchitecture (Ir (Ir V O ) -BHC) is introduced. The suitable integration of V heteroatoms in the single crystal system of IrO decreases the electron density on the neighboring Ir sites, and causes an upshift in the d-band center of Ir (Ir V O ) -BHC, weakening the adsorption of *O while strengthening that of *OOH, lowers the energy barrier for OER.

Uniform Two-Dimensional Crystalline Platelets with Tailored Compositions for pH Stimulus-Responsive Drug Release.

Two-dimensional, size-tunable, water-dispersible particle micelles with spatially defined chemistries can be obtained by using "living" crystallization-driven self-assembly (CDSA) approach. Nevertheless, a major obstacle of crystalline particles in drug delivery application is the difficulty in accessing to cargo within crystalline cores. In the present work, we design four different types of biocompatible two-dimensional platelets with a crystalline poly(ε-caprolactone) (PCL) core, a hydrophobic poly(4-vinylprydine) (P4VP) segment, and a water dispersible poly(,-dimethyl acrylamide) (PDMA) block in ethanol by seeded growth method.

Evaluation of antiretroviral therapy effect and prognosis between HIV-1 recent and long-term infection based on a rapid recent infection testing algorithm.

Early diagnosis of HIV-1 infection and immediate initiation of combination antiretroviral therapy (cART) are important for achieving better virological suppression and quicker immune reconstitution. However, no serological HIV-1 recency testing assay has been approved for clinical use, and the real-world clinical outcomes remain to be explored for the subjects with HIV-1 recent infection (RI) or long-term infection (LI) when antiretroviral therapy is initiated. In this study, a HIV-1 rapid recent-infection testing strip (RRITS) was developed and incorporated into the recent infection testing algorithms (RITAs) to distinguish HIV-1 RI and LI and to assess their clinical outcomes including virological response, the recovery of CD4 T-cell count and CD4/CD8 ratio and the probability of survival.

Partially Carbonized Polymer Binder with Polymer Dots for Silicon Anodes in Lithium-Ion Batteries.

Large-scale applications of conventional conductive binders for silicon (Si) anodes are challenging to accomplish due to their complex synthesis steps and high cost. Herein, a carbonized polymer dots-assisted polyvinyl alcohol-chitosan (PVA-CS-CPDs) binder is developed through a simple and low-cost hydrothermal method. Through rational design, the PVA-CS-CPDs binder retains rich polar groups while forming conjugated structures.