Validation of the Objective Structured assessment of Technical Skill (OSATS) in China.

Introduction: The aim of this study was to perform a cross-cultural adaptation of the Objective Structured assessment of Technical Skill (OSATS) tool into Chinese and to determine its reproducibility and validity in China.

Methods: A Chinese version of OSATS was created through a process of translation, back-translation, expert panel evaluation, pilot testing and then its validation. 59 candidates were included in the study in an international Chinese simulation center including medical students (5th year of medical studies), surgical fellow, attending surgeons, attending professors and professors of surgery.

Colonoscopy Training on Virtual-Reality Simulators or Physical Model Simulators: A Randomized Controlled Trial.

Objective: This study employed a randomized controlled trial to assess the efficacy of virtual-reality (VR) simulators and physical model simulators on colonoscopy training to explore the optimal and evidence-based simulation training.

Design: Forty participants were divided into 2 groups and randomized as dyads: the VR simulator group and the physical model simulator group. All the participants performed a baseline test through porcine colonoscopy.

Laparoscopic training on virtual-reality simulators or live pigs-a randomized controlled trial.

Unlabelled: This randomized controlled trial compared the efficacy of virtual-reality (VR) simulator training and surgical training on live pigs to explore the most effective and evidence-based training modality.

Materials And Methods: Thirty-six novice surgical residents without independent laparoscopic experience were randomly paired with a peer and randomized into three groups: VR simulator group (dyad training on LapSim VR simulators), pig surgery group (training on live, anesthetized pigs) and control group (training by a lecture on laparoscopic surgery, surgical videos and textbooks). After 6 h of training, all participants performed a simulated cholecystectomy procedure using a pig liver with adherent gallbladder working in pairs.

An extracorporeal bioartificial liver embedded with 3D-layered human liver progenitor-like cells relieves acute liver failure in pigs.

Clinical advancement of the bioartificial liver is hampered by the lack of expandable human hepatocytes and appropriate bioreactors and carriers to encourage hepatic cells to function during extracorporeal circulation. We have recently developed an efficient approach for derivation of expandable liver progenitor-like cells from human primary hepatocytes (HepLPCs). Here, we generated immortalized and functionally enhanced HepLPCs by introducing , a hepatocyte nuclear factor that enables potentially complete hepatic function.

Overexpressed ACP5 has prognostic value in colorectal cancer and promotes cell proliferation and tumorigenesis via FAK/PI3K/AKT signaling pathway.

The tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase (TRAP/ACP5) correlated with tumor progression in many malignancies. However, the role of ACP5 in colorectal cancer (CRC) has not been thoroughly elucidated. In this study, we sought to identify the role for ACP5 in CRC progression.

Jagged-1 attenuates LPS-induced apoptosis and ROS in rat intestinal epithelial cells.

Ulcerative colitis (UC) is a chronic, non-specific inflammatory disease that occurs in the colonic mucosa. This study investigated the role of the Notch pathway in affecting the pathogenesis of UC and regulating intestinal epithelial cell proliferation and apoptosis. Caspase-3 activity was measured and flow cytometry was used to detect reactive oxygen species (ROS) content and Ki-67 expression.

Elevated expression of ECT2 predicts unfavorable prognosis in patients with colorectal cancer.

Epithelial cell transforming sequence 2 (ECT2) is a well-studied guanine nucleotide exchange factor for the Rho family GTPase, which has been demonstrated as an oncogene in many types of human cancers. However, little is known about the prognostic value of ECT2 in colorectal cancer (CRC). In current study, we investigated the expression pattern and underlying clinical significance of ECT2 in CRC.

[Impact of lysosome-associated protein transmembrane-4 beta on proliferation and invasion of colorectal cancer].

Objective: To determine whether lysosome-associated protein transmembrane-4 beta (LAPTM4B) over-expression is associated with the proliferation and invasion in colorectal cancer (CRC).

Methods: Thirty pairs of CRC tissues, containing carcinoma and adjacent tissues, were used for the examination of LAPTM4B mRNA expression by real-time quantitative PCR (qPCR) assays. Then immunohistochemistry was performed to examine LAPTM4B protein expression in 6 pairs of CRC tissues.

Surgical intervention after catheter removal in a case of refractory peritoneal dialysis-related peritonitis.

Peritonitis is the most common infection in peritoneal dialysis (PD) and has been noted to be not only a cause of mortality but also the leading cause of technique failure in patients maintained on PD. Appropriate management of peritonitis to improve patient outcome has been the focus of clinical practice. We report a case of refractory PD-related peritonitis with surgical intervention intending to control ongoing peritoneal infection despite aggressive antibiotics and timely catheter removal.

Evidence of positive selection at signal peptide region of interferon gamma.

Interferon gamma (IFNG) is a major cytokine and plays crucial roles in pathogen clearance. About the course of evolution of IFNG, it has been reported that IFNG is being subjected to adaptive selection, which is proved at the level of gene. Neighbor-joining method was used to reconstruct the phylogenetic tree of all IFNG protein-coding sequences.

Incidence and mortality of anastomotic dehiscence requiring reoperation after rectal carcinoma resection.

Anastomotic dehiscence (AD) requiring reoperation is the most severe complication following anterior rectal resection. We performed a systematic review on studies that describe AD requiring reoperation and its subsequent mortality after anterior resection for rectal carcinoma. A systematic search was performed on published literature.

Signatures of positive selection in LY96 gene in vertebrates.

As a secreted glycoprotein that binds to the extracellular domain of Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4), Lymphocyte Antigen 96 (LY96), also called myeloid differentiation 2 (MD2), is required for the activation of TLR4 by lipopolysaccharide (LPS) and plays an important role in innate immunity, which is the first line of defence against microbial infections. Previous studies have proposed that mammalian toll-like receptors (TLRs) have evolved under diversifying selection due to their role in pathogen detection. Given the fact that LY96 is highly functionally linked to TLR4, it would be interesting to test whether LY96 is under the intense pressure of natural selection.

Evidence of positive selection at codon sites localized in the C-terminal peptide of ORC6.

Origin recognition complex 6 (Orc6) plays a central role in the initiation of DNA replication in all eukaryotic systems. The exact contribution of Orc6 to replication initiation has yet to be elucidated. Here, we analyzed the evolutionary dynamics of Orc6 in 15 vertebrates.

miR-30a suppresses cell migration and invasion through downregulation of PIK3CD in colorectal carcinoma.

Background/aims: MicroRNAs (miRNAs) play key roles in tumor metastasis. The aim of this study was to determine the regulation and function of miR-30a in colorectal carcinoma (CRC) metastasis.

Methods: The expression of miR-30a was detected in CRC cell lines and samples by qRT-PCR.