The responses of root exudates and microbiome in the rhizosphere of main plant and aromatic intercrops to soil Cr stress.

Soil chromium (Cr) stress has a well-recognized negative impact on plant growth, and intercropping is a commonly used method to mitigate heavy metal toxicity to main plants. However, the responses of root exudates-microbial and their interactions among soil zones to soil Cr stress are always in need of clarification in intercropping system. In this study, three intercropping patterns (CT, Malus only; TM, Malus × Mentha and TA, Malus × Ageratum) with different soil Cr addition levels (NCR, LCR, HCR) were applied, and the rhizosphere ecological traits in the main plant (FRS) and intercrop (ARS) were investigated.

A Step Forward for Smart Clothes: Printed Fabric-Based Hybrid Electronics for Wearable Health Monitoring.

Smart clothes equipped with flexible sensing systems provide a comfortable means to track health status in real time. Although these sensors are flexible and small, the core signal-processing units still rely on a conventional printed circuit board (PCB), making current health-monitoring devices bulky and inconvenient to wear. In this study, a printed fabric-based hybrid circuit was designed and prepared-with a series of characteristics, such as surface/sectional morphology, electrical properties, and stability-to study its reliability.

Small grazing angle reflection and the sound siphon effect over a low velocity layer of sediments.

The low-order normal modes with small grazing angles (SGA) often control long-range sound field characteristics in shallow water. The SGA reflection loss from a half-space low-velocity bottom (LVB) is independent of the sound attenuation, except around the angle of complete transmission; the SGA bottom reflection loss (BRL) from a seafloor with a top low-velocity layer is very insensitive to the LVB attenuation also, except around a few selected frequencies. Thus, the "seafloor velocity-attenuation coupling" problem will be more fatal for LVB geo-acoustic inversions.

Sound attenuation at low to mid frequencies in low velocity seabottoms.

Attenuation is the most difficult seafloor acoustic property to get, particularly at low to mid frequencies. For low velocity bottoms (LVB), it becomes even more challenging, due to its small attenuation and lower velocity (relative to the velocity of the adjacent water). The latter one causes a fatal "seafloor velocity-attenuation couplings" in geo-acoustic inversions.

Porous-carbon/manganese composite catalyst transformed from waste biomass as peroxymonosulfate activator for carbamazepine degradation.

Activation of peroxymonosulfate (PMS) with solid catalysts for organic pharmaceutical degradation still faces challenge due to the demand of inexpensive catalysts. In this study, manganese-oxidizing microalgae (MOM) and its associated biogenic manganese oxides (BMO) were employed to prepare biomass-transformed porous-carbon/manganese (B-PC/Mn) catalyst through high-temperature calcination (850 °C). Remarkably, 100 % of carbamazepine (CBZ) was degraded within 30 min in the B-PC/Mn/PMS system.

Theoretical and numerical study on transient acoustic wave propagation across ice layers in the Arctic Ocean.

The study of transient acoustic wave propagation across the Arctic Ocean ice layer provides theoretical guidance for the design of trans-ice acoustic communication systems. In this study, the Arctic Ocean was modeled as an ice-water composite structure, where the ice and water are regarded as an elastic solid and liquid, respectively. An analytical transient solution for acoustic wave propagation in this structure was derived using the eigenfunction expansion method.

MonoAux: Fully Exploiting Auxiliary Information and Uncertainty for Monocular 3D Object Detection.

Monocular 3D object detection plays a pivotal role in autonomous driving, presenting a formidable challenge by requiring the precise localization of 3D objects within a single image, devoid of depth information. Most existing methods in this domain fall short of harnessing the limited information available in monocular 3D detection tasks. They typically provide only a single detection outcome, omitting essential uncertainty analysis and result post-processing during model inference, thus limiting overall model performance.

Double-enzyme active MnO@BSA mediated lab-on-paper dual-modality aptasensor for di(2-ethylhexyl)phthalate.

Di(2-ethylhexyl)phthalate (DEHP), as an environmental endocrine disruptor, has adverse effects on eco-environments and health. Thus, it is crucial to highly sensitive on-site detect DEHP. Herein, a double-enzyme active MnO@BSA mediated dual-modality photoelectrochemical (PEC)/colorimetric aptasensing platform with the cascaded sensitization structures of ZnInS and TiO as signal generators was engineered for rapid and ultrasensitive detection of DEHP using an all-in-one lab-on-paper analytical device.

Noninvasive Nonlinear Optical Computational Histology.

Cancer remains a global health challenge, demanding early detection and accurate diagnosis for improved patient outcomes. An intelligent paradigm is introduced that elevates label-free nonlinear optical imaging with contrastive patch-wise learning, yielding stain-free nonlinear optical computational histology (NOCH). NOCH enables swift, precise diagnostic analysis of fresh tissues, reducing patient anxiety and healthcare costs.

Deploying Cationic Cellulose Nanofiber Confinement to Enable High Iodine Loadings Towards High Energy and High-Temperature Zn-I Battery.

High iodine loading and high-temperature adaptability of the iodine cathode are prerequisites to achieving high energy density at full battery level and promoting the practical application for the zinc-iodine (Zn-I ) battery. However, it would aggravate the polyiodide shuttle effect when employing high iodine loading and working temperature. Here, a sustainable cationic cellulose nanofiber (cCNF) was employed to confine the active iodine species through strong physiochemical adsorption to enlarge the iodine loading and stabilize it even at high temperatures.

An inflammation-responsive double-layer microneedle patch for recurrent atopic dermatitis therapy.

Seeking a potent therapeutic strategy for alleviating atopic dermatitis (AD) attack and preventing its recurrence is highly desired but remains challenging in clinical practice. Here, we propose an inflammation-responsive double-layer microneedle (IDMN) patch in situ delivering VD for recurrent AD therapy. IDMN comprises the backing layer part and the double-layer microneedle part, in which the inner layer is gelatin methacryloyl (GelMA) loaded with VD while the outer layer is composed of hyaluronic acid (HA).

Hydraulic-electric analogy for design and operation of microfluidic systems.

Microfluidic systems have been investigated as practical tools in the fields of biomedical engineering, analytical chemistry, materials science, and biological research. Yet the widespread applications of microfluidic systems have been hindered by the complexity of microfluidic design and the reliance on bulky external controllers. Hydraulic-electric analogy provides a powerful method to design and operate microfluidic systems with minimal requirement of control equipment.

Risk factors of early mortality in patients with small cell lung cancer: a retrospective study in the SEER database.

Background: Small cell lung cancer (SCLC) is a highly aggressive neuroendocrine cancer with a high risk of early mortality (i.e., survival time less than 1 month).

Difference frequency coherent matched autoproduct processing for source localization in deep ocean.

Matched autoproduct processing (MAP) refers to a matched field processing (MFP) style array signal processing technique for passive source localization, which interrogates frequency-difference autoproduct instead of genuine acoustic pressure. Due to frequency downshifting, MAP is less sensitive to environmental mismatch, but it suffers from low spatial resolution and a low peak-to-sidelobe ratio of ambiguity surface. These source localization metrics are herein improved with coherent approaches.

Passive synthetic aperture for direction-of-arrival estimation using sparse Bayesian learning.

Passive synthetic aperture (PSA) extension for a moving array has the ability to enhance the accuracy of direction-of-arrival (DOA) estimation by constructing a larger virtual aperture. The array element overlap in array continuous measurements is required for the traditional extended towed array measurement (ETAM) methods. Otherwise, the phase factor estimation is biased, and the aperture extension fails when multiple sources exist.

Cascaded microfluidic circuits for pulsatile filtration of extracellular vesicles from whole blood for early cancer diagnosis.

Tumor-derived extracellular vesicles (EVs) hold the potential to substantially improve noninvasive early diagnosis of cancer. However, analysis of nanosized EVs in blood samples has been hampered by lack of effective, rapid, and standardized methods for isolating and detecting EVs. To address this difficulty, here we use the electric-hydraulic analogy to design cascaded microfluidic circuits for pulsatile filtration of EVs via integration of a cell-removal circuit and an EV-isolation circuit.

Reversing inflammatory microenvironment by a single intra-articular injection of multi-stimulus responsive lipogel to relieve rheumatoid arthritis and promote joint repair.

Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a common chronic disease dominated by inflammatory synovitis, which is characterized with hyperplastic synovium, up-regulated matrix metalloproteinase (MMP) expression, hypoxic joint cavity and excessive reactive oxygen species (ROS) accumulation. Such local adverse microenvironment in RA joints further exacerbates the infiltration of synovial inflammatory cells, especially M1-type macrophages. Regulating intra-articular pathological conditions, eliminating excess M1 macrophages or converting them to an anti-inflammatory M2 phenotype may break the vicious progression circle.

3D Printed Nitrogen-Doped Thick Carbon Architectures for Supercapacitor: Ink Rheology and Electrochemical Performance.

The 3D printing technique offers huge opportunities for customized thick-electrode designs with high loading densities to enhance the area capacity in a limited space. However, key challenges remain in formulating 3D printable inks with exceptional rheological performance and facilitating electronic/ion transport in thick bulk electrodes. Herein, a hybrid ink consisting of woody-derived cellulose nanofibers (CNFs), multiwalled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs), and urea is formulated for the 3D printing nitrogen-doped thick electrodes, in which CNFs serve as both dispersing and thickening agents for MWCNTs, whereas urea acts as a doping agent.

Diagnosis and Treatment to a Post-Craniotomy Intracranial Infection Caused by Corynebacterium.

Objective: To explore the perioperative prophylactic medication, identification of Causative pathogen and the treatment strategy of post-craniotomy intracranial infection (PCII) caused by Corynebacterium.

Patients And Methods: A 47-year-old overweight male patient with hypertension, diabetes, cerebral hemorrhage and recalcitrant syphilis was clinically diagnosed with PCII based on cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) routine examination (RT), biochemical test (BT), neuroimaging CT and MRI scans, bacterial culture and identification of CSF and clinical manifestations. The risk factors of PCII and perioperative antibiotic prophylaxis were analyzed based on some reviews.

Pre-programmed microdroplet generator to control wide-ranging chemical concentrations.

Controlling the chemical concentration in droplets is an essential function in numerous applications of biology, chemistry, and engineering. However, it is difficult to perform an automated control of wide-ranging chemical concentrations accurately without any high-precision off-chip controllers. In this study, we present a preprogrammed microdroplet generator that controls the chemical concentration of droplets by more than three orders of magnitude.

Research progress of vapor phase corrosion inhibitors in marine environment.

Marine corrosion is a kind of material failure phenomenon caused by the interaction between metal structure and marine environment. As an efficient and simple anti-corrosion method, gaseous corrosion inhibitor can have a good inhibition effect on marine atmospheric corrosion. How to effectively use the compound environment-friendly vapor phase corrosion inhibitor has been widely and efficiently applied in the field of marine atmospheric corrosion, which has become the key to prevent marine atmospheric corrosion.