Risk factors for surgical site infection after general surgery in HIV-infected patients: a retrospective study.

Background: As the number of HIV-infected patients increased, the number of patients requiring general surgery has subsequently increased. However, impairment of immune function due to HIV infection increases the risk of postoperative surgical-site infection and significant harm to patient health. This study aimed to examine the risk factors for surgical-site infection after general surgery.

Improving the Gelation Properties of Pea Protein Isolates Using Psyllium Husk Powder: Insight into the Underlying Mechanism.

The industrial application of pea protein is limited due to its poor gelation properties. This study aimed to evaluate the effects of psyllium husk powder (PHP) on improving the rheological, textural, and structural properties of heat-induced pea protein isolate (PPI) gel. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM), intermolecular forces analysis, the quantification of the surface hydrophobicity and free amino groups, and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) were conducted to reveal the inner structures of PPI-PHP composite gels, conformational changes, and molecular interactions during gelation, thereby clarifying the underlying mechanism.

Research and implementation of a large-bandwidth real-time radar jamming simulator.

The electromagnetic environment faced by modern radar is becoming increasingly complex. One effective means to improve the performance of radar systems is testing in an anti-jamming ability test chamber, where the increased complexity has also led to higher performance requirements for radar jamming simulators. Based on the requirements for modern radar system testing, this paper presents a study of a large-bandwidth real-time radar jamming simulator and describes its overall design architecture; the simulator covers the L-Ku and Ka frequency bands and the instantaneous bandwidth is ≥2 GHz, which means that the system is able to simulate 11 interference patterns.

Awareness about Neonatal Lactose Intolerance among Chinese Neonatologists in Outpatient Settings: A Multi-Center Survey.

Background: This study aimed to identify the specific areas of knowledge gaps regarding lactose intolerance among neonatologists in Chinese outpatient settings as well as to assess the availability of lactose intolerance testing in hospitals.

Methods: A total of 278 neonatologists in outpatient settings from 144 hospitals were surveyed. To explore the awareness level, diagnosis, and treatment of neonatal lactose intolerance among neonatologists in outpatient settings, a multicenter cross-sectional survey was designed.

Study on the Changes and Correlation of Microorganisms and Flavor in Different Processing Stages of Mianning Ham.

(1) Background: Mianning ham is a dry-cured ham from Southwest China, known for its distinct regional characteristics and delicious taste. It is particularly favored by consumers due to its safety, as no artificial nitrites are added during processing. The microbial changes during its different processing stages significantly influence the final product's flavor.

Integrated transcriptomic and metabolomic analysis reveals the effects and potential mechanism of hydrogen peroxide on pigment metabolism in postharvest broccoli.

To understand the effects and related potential mechanism of HO on pigment metabolism in postharvest broccoli, an integrated analysis of transcriptome and metabolome was performed. Results suggested that 65 differentially expressed genes and 26 differentially accumulated metabolites involved in chlorophyll, carotenoid, and flavonoid metabolism were identified. HO treatment delayed the decrease of chlorophyll content by upregulating the expressions of chlorophyll synthetic genes, thylakoid synthetic genes, and 15 light-harvesting complex genes compared with the control and diphenylene iodonium treatments.

Risk factors for necrotizing enterocolitis in small-for-gestational-age infants: a matched case-control study.

Few studies have focused on the risk factors for necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC) in small for gestational age (SGA) infants. The aim of this study was to identify the risk factors for NEC in SGA newborns. This study included consecutive SGA neonates admitted to a tertiary hospital in Jiangxi Province, China from Jan 2008 to Dec 2022.

Autoinducer-2 promotes the colonization of Lactobacillus rhamnosus GG to improve the intestinal barrier function in a neonatal mouse model of antibiotic-induced intestinal dysbiosis.

Background: Human health is seriously threatened by antibiotic-induced intestinal disorders. Herein, we aimed to determine the effects of Autoinducer-2 (AI-2) combined with Lactobacillus rhamnosus GG (LGG) on the intestinal barrier function of antibiotic-induced intestinal dysbiosis neonatal mice.

Methods: An antibiotic-induced intestinal dysbiosis neonatal mouse model was created using antibiotic cocktails, and the model mice were randomized into the control, AI-2, LGG, and LGG + AI-2 groups.

Integrin αβ contributes to cell fusion and inflammation mediated by SARS-CoV-2 spike via RGD-independent interaction.

The Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) virus infects host cells by engaging its spike (S) protein with human ACE2 receptor. Recent studies suggest the involvement of integrins in SARS-CoV-2 infection through interaction with the S protein, but the underlying mechanism is not well understood. This study investigated the role of integrin αβ, which recognizes the Arg-Gly-Asp (RGD) motif in its physiological ligands, in S-mediated virus entry and cell-cell fusion.

A radio pulsar phase from SGR J1935+2154 provides clues to the magnetar FRB mechanism.

The megajansky radio burst, FRB 20200428, and other bright radio bursts detected from the Galactic source SGR J1935+2154 suggest that magnetars can make fast radio bursts (FRBs), but the emission site and mechanism of FRB-like bursts are still unidentified. Here, we report the emergence of a radio pulsar phase of the magnetar 5 months after FRB 20200428. Pulses were detected in 16.

Changes of gut microbiota and tricarboxylic acid metabolites may be helpful in early diagnosis of necrotizing enterocolitis: A pilot study.

Purpose: We aimed to explore the value of gut microbiota and tricarboxylic acid (TCA) metabolites in early diagnosis of necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC) among infants with abdominal manifestations.

Methods: Thirty-two preterm infants with abdominal manifestations at gestational age ≤ 34 weeks were included in the study and were divided into non-NEC ( = 16) and NEC ( = 16) groups. Faecal samples were collected when the infants were enrolled.

Gut microbiota and short-chain fatty acids may be new biomarkers for predicting neonatal necrotizing enterocolitis: A pilot study.

Background: Dysbacteriosis is thought to play an important role in the pathogenesis of necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC). We aimed to identify new biomarkers among gut microbiota and short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) for the early prediction of NEC.

Materials And Methods: Thirty-four preterm infants with gestational ages of ≤ 34 weeks who developed gastrointestinal symptoms were divided into the NEC group ( = 17) and non-NEC group ( = 17).

Effect and Safety of ALA-PDT Combined with 1550 nm Fractional Therapy Laser in Treating Rosacea.

Objective: To explore the clinical effect and safety of 5-aminolevulinic acid photodynamic therapy (ALA-PDT) combined with 1550 nm fractional laser therapy in the treatment of rosacea.

Methods: 114 patients with type I and type II rosacea treated in our hospital from March 2018 to April 2020 were recruited. They were randomly assigned (1 : 1 : 1) to receive ALA-PDT (photodynamic group), 1550 nm fractional laser (laser group), or ALA-PDT and 1550 nm fractional laser therapy (combination group).

Differences in the Gut Microbiota Composition and Metabolites Associated With Feeding Intolerance in VLBW Infants With a Gestational Age of ≤ 30 Weeks: A Pilot Study.

Objective: To explore the main variations in gut microbiota compositions, short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) concentrations and autoinducer-2 (AI-2) levels in very-low-birth-weight (VLBW) infants with feeding intolerance (FI).

Methods: Twenty-seven VLBW infants with gestational ages of ≤30 weeks were divided into the FI group (n=14) and feeding tolerance (FT) group (n=13). The gut microbiota composition and SCFAs concentrations and AI-2 levels in feces were detected at 2 and 4 weeks after birth.

Complete mitochondrial genome of (Artiodactyla: Cervidae).

has been listed as a vulnerable species by the International Union for Conservation of Nature and Natural Resources because of human activities. In recent years, population numbers have decreased due to heavy hunting and habitat loss, and little genetic data on this species exists; thus, our knowledge of range distribution and population size remains limited. In the current study, the complete mitochondrial genome was sequenced using polymerase chain reaction followed by direct sequencing.

Effect of the course of treatment with broad-spectrum antibiotics on intestinal flora and short-chain fatty acids in feces of very low birth weight infants: a prospective study.

Objectives: To study the effect of the course of treatment with broad-spectrum antibiotics on intestinal flora and short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) in feces of very low birth weight (VLBW) infants.

Methods: A total of 29 VLBW infants who were admitted to the Neonatal Diagnosis and Treatment Center of Children's Hospital Affiliated to Chongqing Medical University from June to December 2020 were enrolled as subjects for this prospective study. According to the course of treatment with broad-spectrum antibiotics, they were divided into two groups: ≤7 days (=9) and >7 days (=20).

Structural determinants of the integrin transmembrane domain required for bidirectional signal transmission across the cell membrane.

Studying the tight activity regulation of platelet-specific integrin αβ is foundational and paramount to our understanding of integrin structure and activation. αβ is essential for the aggregation and adhesion function of platelets in hemostasis and thrombosis. Structural and mutagenesis studies have previously revealed the critical role of αβ transmembrane (TM) association in maintaining the inactive state.

Sodium Butyrate Alleviates Intestinal Inflammation in Mice with Necrotizing Enterocolitis.

Objective: To determine the role of sodium butyrate in intestinal inflammation via regulation of high-mobility group box-1 (HMGB1), we analyzed the potential mechanism in necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC) in a neonatal mouse model.

Methods: A NEC model was created with hypoxia and cold exposure and artificial overfeeding. C57BL/6 neonatal mice were randomized into three groups: the control, untreated NEC, and sodium butyrate (150 mM)-pretreated NEC groups.

Exogenous Autoinducer-2 Rescues Intestinal Dysbiosis and Intestinal Inflammation in a Neonatal Mouse Necrotizing Enterocolitis Model.

Autoinducer-2 (AI-2) is believed to be a bacterial interspecies signaling molecule that plays an important role in the regulation of the physiological behaviors of bacteria. The effect of AI-2 on the process of necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC) is unknown, and the aim of this study was to study the effect of AI-2 in a mouse NEC model. C57BL/6 mouse pups were randomly divided into three groups: the control group, the NEC group, and the NEC+AI-2 (NA) group.

Incorporating multiple congestion levels into spatiotemporal analysis for the impact of a traffic incident.

Traffic incidents occurring on the road interrupt the smooth mobility of traffic flow and lead to traffic congestion. Although there has been a proliferation of studies that attempt to estimate the spatiotemporal impact of a traffic incident, most, if not all, of them focus exclusively on the differentiation of bi-level traffic status. In this research, we propose to incorporate multiple congestion levels in the spatiotemporal analysis for the impact of a traffic incident, which is new to the literature.

A Review: Microbial Diversity and Function of Fermented Meat Products in China.

Fermented meat products have a long history in China. These products exhibit a characteristic unique flavor, compact meat quality, clear color, long shelf life and wide variety and are easy to transport. During the processing and storage of fermented meat products, microorganisms are present and exhibit diverse characteristics.