Metabolically activated energetic materials mediate cellular anabolism for bone regeneration.

The understanding of cellular energy metabolism activation by engineered scaffolds remains limited, posing challenges for therapeutic applications in tissue regeneration. This study presents biosynthesized poly(3-hydroxybutyrate-co-4-hydroxybutyrate) [P(3HB-co-4HB)] and its major degradation product, 3-hydroxybutyrate (3HB), as endogenous bioenergetic fuels that augment cellular anabolism, thereby facilitating the progression of human bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells (hBMSCs) towards osteoblastogenesis. Our research demonstrated that 3HB markedly boosts in vitro ATP production, elevating mitochondrial membrane potential and capillary-like tube formation.

The Mechanisms of Adipose Stem Cell-Derived Exosomes Promote Wound Healing and Regeneration.

Chronic wound healing is a class of diseases influenced by multiple complex factors, causing severe psychological and physiological impact on patients. It is an intractable clinical challenge and its possible mechanisms are not yet clear. It has been proven that adipose stem cell-derived exosomes (ADSC-Exos) can promote wound healing and inhibit scar formation by regulating inflammation, promoting cell proliferation, migration, and angiogenesis, regulating matrix remodeling, which provides a new approach for wound healing through biological treatment.

Layered GelMA/PEGDA Hydrogel Microneedle Patch as an Intradermal Delivery System for Hypertrophic Scar Treatment.

Hypertrophic scar (HS) is an unfavorable skin disorder that typically develops after trauma, burn injury, or surgical procedures and causes numerous physical and psychological issues in patients. Currently, intralesional multi-injection of corticosteroid, particularly compound betamethasone (CB), is one of the most prevalent treatments for HS. However, injection administration could result in severe pain and dose-related side effects.

Small extracellular vesicles derived from human adipose-derived stem cells regulate energetic metabolism through the activation of YAP/TAZ pathway facilitating angiogenesis.

Recent studies have found small extracellular vesicles (sEVs) that are secreted from human adipose tissue-derived stem cells (hADSCs-sEVs) and contribute to angiogenesis. Glycolysis, the primary energetic pathway of vascular endothelial cells, plays a key role in the process of angiogenesis. However, hADSCs-sEVs' effects on energy metabolism within endothelial cells remain unclear.

Medical high-entropy alloy: Outstanding mechanical properties and superb biological compatibility.

Medical metal implants are required to have excellent mechanical properties and high biocompatibility to handle the complex human environment, which is a challenge that has always existed for traditional medical metal materials. Compared to traditional medical alloys, high entropy alloys (HEAs) have a higher design freedom to allow them to carry more medical abilities to suit the human service environment, such as low elastic modulus, high biocompatible elements, potential shape memory capability. In recent years, many studies have pointed out that bio-HEAs, as an emerging medical alloy, has reached or even surpassed traditional medical alloys in various medical properties.

Pore Strategy Design of a Novel NiTi-Nb Biomedical Porous Scaffold Based on a Triply Periodic Minimal Surface.

The pore strategy is one of the important factors affecting the biomedical porous scaffold at the same porosity. In this work, porous scaffolds were designed based on the triply periodic minimal surface (TPMS) structure under the same porosity and different pore strategies (pore size and size continuous gradient distribution) and were successfully prepared using a novel NiTiNb alloy and selective laser melting (SLM) technology. After that, the effects of the pore strategies on the microstructure, mechanical properties, and permeability of porous scaffolds were systematically investigated.

TRPM7 kinase-mediated immunomodulation in macrophage plays a central role in magnesium ion-induced bone regeneration.

Despite the widespread observations on the osteogenic effects of magnesium ion (Mg), the diverse roles of Mg during bone healing have not been systematically dissected. Here, we reveal a previously unknown, biphasic mode of action of Mg in bone repair. During the early inflammation phase, Mg contributes to an upregulated expression of transient receptor potential cation channel member 7 (TRPM7), and a TRPM7-dependent influx of Mg in the monocyte-macrophage lineage, resulting in the cleavage and nuclear accumulation of TRPM7-cleaved kinase fragments (M7CKs).

Regulation of extracellular bioactive cations in bone tissue microenvironment induces favorable osteoimmune conditions to accelerate bone regeneration.

The design of orthopedic biomaterials has gradually shifted from "immune-friendly" to "immunomodulatory," in which the biomaterials are able to modulate the inflammatory response via macrophage polarization in a local immune microenvironment that favors osteogenesis and implant-to-bone osseointegration. Despite the well-known effects of bioactive metallic ions on osteogenesis, how extracellular metallic ions manipulate immune cells in bone tissue microenvironments toward osteogenesis and subsequent bone formation has rarely been studied. Herein, we investigate the osteoimmunomodulatory effect of an extracellular bioactive cation (Mg) in the bone tissue microenvironment using custom-made poly lactic-co-glycolic acid (PLGA)/MgO-alendronate microspheres that endow controllable release of magnesium ions.

Recent Advances in Microfluidic Platforms Applied in Cancer Metastasis: Circulating Tumor Cells' (CTCs) Isolation and Tumor-On-A-Chip.

Cancer remains the leading cause of death worldwide despite the enormous efforts that are made in the development of cancer biology and anticancer therapeutic treatment. Furthermore, recent studies in oncology have focused on the complex cancer metastatic process as metastatic disease contributes to more than 90% of tumor-related death. In the metastatic process, isolation and analysis of circulating tumor cells (CTCs) play a vital role in diagnosis and prognosis of cancer patients at an early stage.

A surface-engineered multifunctional TiO based nano-layer simultaneously elevates the corrosion resistance, osteoconductivity and antimicrobial property of a magnesium alloy.

Magnesium biometals exhibit great potentials for orthopeadic applications owing to their biodegradability, bioactive effects and satisfactory mechanical properties. However, rapid corrosion of Mg implants in vivo combined with large amount of hydrogen gas evolution is harmful to bone healing process which seriously confines their clinical applications. Enlightened by the superior biocompatibility and corrosion resistance of passive titanium oxide layer automatically formed on titanium alloy, we employ the Ti and O dual plasma ion immersion implantation (PIII) technique to construct a multifunctional TiO based nano-layer on ZK60 magnesium substrates for enhanced corrosion resistance, osteoconductivity and antimicrobial activity.

A functionalized TiO/MgTiO nano-layer on biodegradable magnesium implant enables superior bone-implant integration and bacterial disinfection.

Rapid corrosion of biodegradable magnesium alloys under in vivo condition is a major concern for clinical applications. Inspired by the stability and biocompatibility of titanium oxide (TiO) passive layer, a functionalized TiO/MgTiO nano-layer has been constructed on the surface of WE43 magnesium implant by using plasma ion immersion implantation (PIII) technique. The customized nano-layer not only enhances corrosion resistance of Mg substrates significantly, but also elevates the osteoblastic differentiation capability in vitro due to the controlled release of magnesium ions.

Synthesis of Antioxidative Conductive Copper Inks with Superior Adhesion.

Conductive films have attracted much attention in the printed electronics industry. To date, expensive conductive silver inks have been utilized widely in these conductive films, which ultimately increase the cost. Hence the alternative low-cost copper inks will be of great interest in the future.

Precisely controlled delivery of magnesium ions thru sponge-like monodisperse PLGA/nano-MgO-alginate core-shell microsphere device to enable in-situ bone regeneration.

A range of magnesium ions (Mg) used has demonstrated osteogenic tendency in vitro. Hence, we propose to actualize this concept by designing a new system to precisely control the Mg delivery at a particular concentration in vivo in order to effectively stimulate in-situ bone regeneration. To achieve this objective, a monodisperse core-shell microsphere delivery system comprising of poly (lactic-co-glycolic acid) (PLGA) biopolymer, alginate hydrogel, and magnesium oxide nano-particles has been designed by using customized microfluidic capillary device.

Microstructure evolution and mechanical properties of a Ti-35Nb-3Zr-2Ta biomedical alloy processed by equal channel angular pressing (ECAP).

In this paper, an equal channel angular pressing method is employed to refine grains and enhance mechanical properties of a new β Ti-35Nb-3Zr-2Ta biomedical alloy. After the 4th pass, the ultrafine equiaxed grains of approximately 300 nm and 600 nm are obtained at pressing temperatures of 500 and 600°C respectively. The SEM images of billets pressed at 500°C reveal the evolution of shear bands and finally at the 4th pass intersectant networks of shear bands, involving initial band propagation and new band broadening, are formed with the purpose of accommodating large plastic strain.