A sensitive, portable, and smartphone-based whole-cell biosensor device for salicylic acid monitoring.

Considerable effort has been invested in developing salicylic acid (SA) biosensors for various application purposes. Here, by engineering the sensing modules and host cell chassis, we have gradually optimized the NahR-Psal/Pr-based SA biosensor, increasing the sensitivity and maximum output by 17.2-fold and 9.

N-terminal domain truncation yielded a unique dimer of polysaccharide hydrolase with enhanced enzymatic activity, stability and calcium ion independence.

Domain engineering, including domain truncation, fusion, or swapping, has become a common strategy to improve properties of enzymes, especially glycosyl hydrolases. However, there are few reports explaining the mechanism of increased activity from a protein structure perspective. Amy703 is an alkaline amylase with a unique N-terminal domain.

Site-directed display of zearalenone lactonase on spilt-intein functionalized nanocarrier for green and efficient detoxification of zearalenone.

In this study, we prepared a functional organic-inorganic hybrid nanoflower (InHNF) via split intein moiety in a biomineralization process without using organic solvents. InHNF could specifically bind the target enzymes from crude cell lysates within seconds and site-directedly display them on the surface by forming a peptide bond with enzyme's terminal amino acid residue. This unique feature enabled InHNF to increase the specific activity of zearalenone detoxifying enzyme ZHD518 by 40 ∼ 60% at all tested temperatures and prevented enzyme denaturation even under extreme pH conditions (pH 3-11).

Engineering polysaccharide hydrolases in the product-releasing cleft to alter their product profiles.

Polysaccharide hydrolases are enzymes capable of hydrolyzing polysaccharides to generate oligosaccharides that have diverse applications in the food, feed and pharmaceutical industries. However, the detailed mechanisms governing the compositions of their hydrolysates remain poorly understood. Previously, we identified a novel neopullulase Amy117, which exclusively converts pullulan to panose by specifically cleaving α-1,4-glycosidic bonds.

Comparative Efficacy of Vibration foam Rolling and Cold Water Immersion in Amateur Basketball Players after a Simulated Load of Basketball Game.

To compare the efficacy of different recovery strategies (sitting; cold water immersion, CWI; vibration foam rolling, VFR) on the lower extremities of amateur basketball players after the simulated load of a basketball game, we assessed the power, agility, and dynamic balance before and after interventions. Ten amateur basketball players alternately underwent 12 min of sitting, 12 min of CWI at 5 °C, and 12 min of VFR. The power, agility, and dynamic balance were measured immediately post-warm-up, immediately post-game, immediately post-intervention, 1 h after interventions, and 24 h after interventions.

Case study: The influence of Achilles tendon rupture on knee joint stress during counter-movement jump - Combining musculoskeletal modeling and finite element analysis.

Background: Presently, the current research concerning Achilles tendon rupture repair (ATR) is predominantly centered on the ankle joint, with a paucity of evidence regarding its impact on the knee joint. ATR has the potential to significantly impede athletic performance and increase tibiofemoral contact forces in athletes. The purpose of this study was to prognosticate the distribution of stress within the knee joint during a countermovement jump through the use of a simulation method that amalgamated a musculoskeletal model of a patient who underwent Achilles tendon rupture repair with a finite element model of the knee joint.

Effect of pregnancy on female gait characteristics: a pilot study based on portable gait analyzer and induced acceleration analysis.

The changes in physical shape and center of mass during pregnancy may increase the risk of falls. However, there were few studies on the effects of maternal muscles on gait characteristics and no studies have attempted to investigate changes in induced acceleration during pregnancy. Further research in this area may help to reveal the causes of gait changes in women during pregnancy and provide ideas for the design of footwear and clothing for pregnant women.

The effects of ankle dorsiflexor fatigue on lower limb biomechanics during badminton forward forehand and backhand lunge.

Local muscle fatigue may have an adverse effect on the biomechanics of the lunge movement and athletic performance. This study analyzed the biomechanical indicators of the forward lunge in badminton players before and after fatigue of the ankle dorsiflexors. Using the isometric muscular strength testing system, 15 badminton players underwent an ankle dorsiflexor fatigue test.

The N-terminal hydrophobicity modulates a distal structural domain conformation of zearalenone lacton hydrolase and its application in protein engineering.

Zearalenone (ZEN) is one of the most common mycotoxins in maize, wheat, barley, sorghum, rye and other grains. ZEN contamination in feed is an international health issue due to its estrogenicity by competitively binding to estrogen receptors. Enzymatic detoxification of ZEN is superior to physical and chemical methods in terms of safety, environmental impact and preserving nutritional value and palatability, but is hampered by both the currently limited repertoire of detoxifying enzymes and the lack of knowledge about their structure-function relationships.

Novel cellular therapies for hepatobiliary malignancies.

Background: The mortalities of hepatobiliary malignancies are high. With the failure of conventional chemotherapy and unsatisfactory outcome of molecular targeted drugs, immune-based therapy has become a new focus of research in hepatobiliary cancers treatment.

Data Sources: We performed a PubMed search with relevant articles published up to May 2022 and the following keywords: cellular immunotherapy, hepatobiliary cancer, antigen receptor T cell therapy, and receptor-engineered T cell.

Effect of rearfoot valgus on biomechanics during barbell squatting: A study based on OpenSim musculoskeletal modeling.

Background: Barbell squats are commonly used in daily training and rehabilitation. Injuries are not common when the posture is standard, but the wrong posture can lead to injuries. Rearfoot valgus is a common foot abnormality that may increase the risk of injury during sports.

Effect of Heel Lift Insoles on Lower Extremity Muscle Activation and Joint Work during Barbell Squats.

The effect of heel elevation on the barbell squat remains controversial, and further exploration of muscle activity might help find additional evidence. Therefore, 20 healthy adult participants (10 males and 10 females) were recruited for this study to analyze the effects of heel height on lower extremity kinematics, kinetics, and muscle activity using the OpenSim individualized musculoskeletal model. One-way repeated measures ANOVA was used for statistical analysis.

Discovery of a New Microbial Origin Cold-Active Neopullulanase Capable for Effective Conversion of Pullulan to Panose.

Panose is a type of functional sugar with diverse bioactivities. The enzymatic conversion bioprocess to produce high purity panose with high efficiency has become increasingly important. Here, a new neopullulanase (NPase), Amy117 from 703, was identified and characterized.

The Effect of Fatigue on Lower Limb Joint Stiffness at Different Walking Speeds.

The aim of this study was to assess the stiffness of each lower limb joint in healthy persons walking at varying speeds when fatigued. The study included 24 subjects (all male; age: 28.16 ± 7.

The Influence of a Shoe's Heel-Toe Drop on Gait Parameters during the Third Trimester of Pregnancy.

Background: Changes in physical shape and body mass during pregnancy may increase the risk of walking falls. Shoes can protect and enhance the inherent function of the foot, helping to maintain dynamic and static stability. Methods: Sixteen women during the third trimester of pregnancy participated in this study to investigate the effect of negative heel shoes (NHS), positive heel shoes (PHS), and normal shoes (NS) on spatiotemporal parameters, ground reaction force (GRF), and stability.

The Influence of Different Rope Jumping Methods on Adolescents' Lower Limb Biomechanics during the Ground-Contact Phase.

As a simple and beneficial way of exercise, rope skipping is favored by the majority of teenagers, but incorrect rope skipping may lead to the risk of injury. In this study, 16 male adolescent subjects were tested for bounced jump skipping and alternating jump rope skipping. The kinematic data of the hip, knee, ankle and metatarsophalangeal joint of lower extremities and the kinetics data of lower extremity touching the ground during rope skipping were collected, respectively.

A Mixed Comparisons of Aerobic Training With Different Volumes and Intensities of Physical Exercise in Patients With Hypertension: A Systematic Review and Network Meta-Analysis.

It is essential for patients with hypertension to effectively reduce and maintain appropriate blood pressure levels. As one of the non-pharmacological and invasive methods, physical exercise seems to improve blood pressure of the patients with hypertension. However, different volumes and intensities of physical exercise on the improvement of hypertension are different.

Gait Characteristics and Fatigue Profiles When Standing on Surfaces with Different Hardness: Gait Analysis and Machine Learning Algorithms.

Background: Longtime standing may cause fatigue and discomfort in the lower extremities, leading to an increased risk of falls and related musculoskeletal diseases. Therefore, preventive interventions and fatigue detection are crucial. This study aims to explore whether anti-fatigue mats can improve gait parameters following long periods of standing and try to use machine learning algorithms to identify the fatigue states of standing workers objectively.

A Mixed Comparisons of Different Intensities and Types of Physical Exercise in Patients With Diseases Related to Oxidative Stress: A Systematic Review and Network Meta-Analysis.

The balance of oxidative and antioxidant systems is of great importance to the human body. Physical exercise, as one of the ways to improve physical health, seems to modulate this balance. However, different intensities and types of physical exercise have other effects on the treatment of unhealthy people.