Site-directed mutagenesis leads to the optimized transglycosylation activity of endo-beta-N-acetylglucosaminidase from Trypanosoma brucei.

Endo-β-N-acetylglucosaminidases (ENGases) are pivotal enzymes in the degradation and remodeling of glycoproteins, which catalyze the cleavage or formation of β-1,4-glycosidic bond between two N-acetylglucosamine (GlcNAc) residues in N-linked glycan chains. It was investigated that targeted mutations of amino acids in ENGases active site may modulate their hydrolytic and transglycosylation activities. Endo-Tb, the ENGase derived from Trypanosoma brucei, belongs to the glycoside hydrolase family 85 (GH85).

Construction and validation of a necroptosis-related prognostic signature in acute myeloid leukemia.

Acute myeloid leukemia (AML), an uncommonly low 5-year survival and high mortality rate, is a potentially catastrophic diagnosed subtype of leukemia. The development of new prognostic markers is urgently needed to guide its treatment. Necroptosis is a newly defined biological process for regulating cell death, and previous studies have confirmed that the abnormality of the physical function can lead to multiple malignancies.

Lung Cancer Diagnosis on Virtual Histologically Stained Tissue Using Weakly Supervised Learning.

Lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD) is the most common primary lung cancer and accounts for 40% of all lung cancer cases. The current gold standard for lung cancer analysis is based on the pathologists' interpretation of hematoxylin and eosin (H&E)-stained tissue slices viewed under a brightfield microscope or a digital slide scanner. Computational pathology using deep learning has been proposed to detect lung cancer on histology images.

Mechanisms of N, N-dimethylacetamide-facilitated n-hexane removal in a rotating drum biofilter packed with bamboo charcoal-polyurethane composite.

n-Hexane and N, N-dimethylacetamide (DMAC) are two major volatile organic compounds (VOCs) discharged from the pharmaceutical industry. To enhance DMAC-facilitated n-hexane removal, we investigated the simultaneous removal of multiple pollutants in a rotating drum biofilter packed with bamboo charcoal-polyurethane composite. After adding 800 mg·L DMAC, the n-hexane removal efficiency increased from 59.

O-GlcNAcylation stabilizes the autophagy-initiating kinase ULK1 by inhibiting chaperone-mediated autophagy upon HPV infection.

Human papillomaviruses (HPVs) cause a subset of head and neck squamous cell carcinomas (HNSCCs). Previously, we demonstrated that HPV16 oncogene E6 or E6/E7 transduction increases the abundance of O-linked β-N-acetylglucosamine (O-GlcNAc) transferase (OGT), but OGT substrates affected by this increase are unclear. Here, we focus on the effects of O-GlcNAcylation on HPV-positive HNSCCs.

Deep-learning-assisted microscopy with ultraviolet surface excitation for rapid slide-free histological imaging.

Histopathological examination of tissue sections is the gold standard for disease diagnosis. However, the conventional histopathology workflow requires lengthy and laborious sample preparation to obtain thin tissue slices, causing about a one-week delay to generate an accurate diagnostic report. Recently, microscopy with ultraviolet surface excitation (MUSE), a rapid and slide-free imaging technique, has been developed to image fresh and thick tissues with specific molecular contrast.

Mutual inhibition mechanism of simultaneous catalytic removal of NO and toluene on Mn-based catalysts.

NO and toluene have been identified as the dominant air pollutants in solid wasted combustion, and it is of great importance to remove these two pollutants simultaneously. Here, we found that Mn/CeO and Mn/TiO exhibited a bifunctional property in both NO reduction and toluene oxidation, and both of which could achieve 80% of conversion rate in NO reduction and toluene oxidation processes. However, the activity of both Mn/CeO and Mn/TiO decreased in simultaneous removal of NO and toluene compared with separate NO reduction and toluene oxidation.

Effect of magnesium particle fraction on osteoinduction of hydroxyapatite sphere-based scaffolds.

Magnesium (Mg) is an emerging degradable metal for orthopaedics and its degradation product, Mg2+, has been reported to positively affect osteogenesis. Porous hydroxyapatite (HA) has been extensively studied for bone regeneration, but its slow degradation is an important factor limiting its uses. Therefore, we studied the combination of Mg and HA to integrate the advantages of the two materials while circumventing their disadvantages, with the aim of determining the optimum Mg/HA ratio.

Signal Enhancement of Cadmium in Lettuce Using Laser-Induced Breakdown Spectroscopy Combined with Pyrolysis Process.

Fast detection of heavy metals in lettuce is significant for food market regulation and the control of heavy metal pollution. Advanced methods like laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy (LIBS) technology have been tried to determine the cadmium (Cd) content. To retard the negative effect of complex matrix composition from samples and improve quantitative performance of LIBS technology, the pyrolysis process combined with LIBS was adopted to determine the cadmium (Cd) content of lettuce.

Rapid Determination of Cadmium Contamination in Lettuce Using Laser-Induced Breakdown Spectroscopy.

Quick access to cadmium (Cd) contamination in lettuce is important to supervise the leafy vegetable growth environment and market. This study aims to apply laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy (LIBS) technology for fast determination of Cd content and diagnosis of the Cd contamination degree in lettuce. Emission lines Cd II 214.

Integrated Analysis of Genome-Wide Copy Number Alterations and Gene Expression Profiling of Lung Cancer in Xuanwei, China.

Objectives: Lung cancer in Xuanwei (LCXW), China, is known throughout the world for its distinctive characteristics, but little is known about its pathogenesis. The purpose of this study was to screen potential novel "driver genes" in LCXW.

Methods: Genome-wide DNA copy number alterations (CNAs) were detected by array-based comparative genomic hybridization and differentially expressed genes (DEGs) by gene expression microarrays in 8 paired LCXW and non-cancerous lung tissues.

[Reflectance characteristics of rare earth solution with different concentrations].

In the present paper, ten aqueous samples which contain-different concentrations of REE were collected in south Jiangxi province, and the reflectance spectra and the concentrations of REE were measured by analytical spectral devices (ASD) FieldSpec-3 reflectance spectroscopy and inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS), respectively. The results show that the spectra presented mix characteristics of pure water and rare earth oxide. In addition, six diagnostic absorption features caused by REE in visible and near-infrared wavelengths were detected.

Determination of the internal pressure of fluid inclusions by using Raman spectroscopy.

In situ Raman spectroscopic measurements of H2O-NaCl systems with three different salinities (0, 5.0, and 10.0 wt% NaCl) in the region of O-H stretching vibration were obtained at pressures up to 1800 MPa and temperatures from 298 to 453 K, with a hydrothermal diamond-anvil cell.