An integrated microfluidic device for sorting of tumor organoids using image recognition.

Tumor organoids present a challenge in drug screening due to their considerable heterogeneity in morphology and size. To address this issue, we proposed a portable microfluidic device that employs image processing algorithms for specific target organoid recognition and microvalve-controlled deflection for sorting and collection. This morphology-activated organoid sorting system offers numerous advantages, such as automated classification, portability, low cost, label-free sample preparation, and gentle handling of organoids.

Icariside II Preparation from Icariin Separated from Herbal Extract Powder by a Special Icariin Glycosidase.

In this study, icariside II was prepared from icariin by a special enzyme. The yield of the substrate icariin from a powdered extract of the popular herb was 16.9%.

A Comprehensive Review of the Mechanism and Modification Strategies of VO Cathodes for Aqueous Zinc-Ion Batteries.

Aqueous zinc-ion batteries (AZIBs) have attracted wide attention due to their affordability, inherent safety, and environmental friendliness, recognized as one of the most ideal next generation energy storage systems. Vanadium-based cathodes have garnered significant interest in the field of AZIBs, presenting vast application prospects in stationary energy storage. Among them, layered vanadium pentoxide (VO) stands out a promising material due to its high theoretical capacity, drawing extensive research efforts.

Fluctuation theorem in the quantum Otto engine with long-range interaction.

The fluctuation of the quantum Otto engine has recently received a lot of attention, while applying the many body with a long-range interaction to a quantum heat engine may enhance our ability of controlling it. Using the two-point measurement and its generalization, we explore the fluctuation theorem of work and heat in a single stroke as well as in a cycle. We discover that the fluctuations of work in a cycle as well as fluctuations of heat in a single stroke or cycle can be connected to the fluctuation of work in a single stroke.

Programmable DNA Scaffolds Enable Orthogonal Engineering of Cell Membrane-Based Nanovesicles for Therapeutic Development.

Cell membrane-based nanovesicles (CMNVs) play pivotal roles in biomolecular transportation in living organisms and appear as attractive bioinformed nanomaterials for theranostic applications. However, the current surface-engineering technologies are limited in flexibility and orthogonality, making it challenging to simultaneously display multiple different ligands on the CMNV surface in a precisely controlled manner. Here, we developed a DNA scaffold-programmed approach to orthogonally engineer CMNVs with versatile ligands.

I-DMSO-Mediated Construction of 2,3- and 2,4-Disubstituted Pyrimido[1,2-]indazole Skeletons.

An efficient synthetic method for constructing 2,3- and 2,4-disubstituted pyrimidio[1,2-]indazole skeletons through I-DMSO-mediated and substrate-controlled regioselective [4 + 2] cyclization is reported. The reaction conditions are mild, its operation is simple, and the substrate scope is wide. More than 60 pyrimidio[1,2-]indazole derivatives have been synthesized, providing a new methodology for constructing related molecules and potentially enriching bioactive-molecule libraries.

The effect of music on pain management in preterm infants during daily painful procedures: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Background: The present systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials (RCTs) was conducted to investigate the effects of music on pain management in preterm neonates during painful procedures.

Methods: The PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, EBSCO and Cochrane Library databases were searched to identify relevant articles published from their inception to September 2023. The study search strategy and all other processes were implemented in accordance with the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) statement.

Six-Part Classification of Femoral Intertrochanteric Fractures: A Classification Method to Improve the Diagnosis Rate of Unstable Fractures.

Objective: Three-dimensional (3D)-CT data is currently insufficient for classifying femoral trochanter fractures. Fracture classification based on fracture stability analysis is helpful to evaluate the prognosis of patients after internal fixation. Currently, there is a lack of fracture classification methods based on 3D-CT images and fracture stability analysis.

Mapping global new-onset, worsening, and resolution of diabetes following partial pancreatectomy: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Background And Aims: Partial pancreatectomy, commonly used for chronic pancreatitis, or pancreatic lesions, has diverse impacts on endocrine and metabolism system. The study aims to determine the global prevalence of new-onset, worsening, and resolution of diabetes following partial pancreatectomy.

Methods: The authors searched PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, and Cochrane Library from inception to October, 2023.

Multifunctional DNA-Based Hydrogel Promotes Diabetic Alveolar Bone Defect Reconstruction.

Diabetic alveolar bone defect (DABD) causes persistent bacterial infection, prolonged inflammation, and delayed bone healing, making it a considerable clinical challenge. In this study, by integrating silver nanoclusters (AgNCs) and M2 macrophage-derived extracellular vesicles (M2EVs), a multifunctional DNA-based hydrogel, called Agevgel, is developed with antibacterial, anti-inflammatory, immunomodulatory, and osteogenic properties to promote DABD rebuilding. AgNCs are tightly embedded into the DNA scaffolds and exhibit effective anti-bacterial activity, while immunomodulatory M2EVs are encapsulated within the shape-variable DNA scaffolds and exhibit potent anti-inflammatory and osteogenic properties.

Femtosecond laser multibeam parallel processing for variable focal-length optofluidic chips.

Optofluidic chips are frequently utilized in applications such as biological observation, chemical detection, dynamic displays, imaging, holography, and sensing. Yet, developing continuously zoomable technology has been challenging in the production of optical devices. Using a spatial light modulator to shape a femtosecond laser to achieve multibeam parallel pulse punching, we propose an easy-to-fabricate, stable, and reliable tuning technique in this Letter.

SEL1L preserves CD8 T-cell survival and homeostasis by fine-tuning PERK signaling and the IL-15 receptor-mediated mTORC1 axis.

SEL1L-mediated endoplasmic reticulum-associated degradation (ERAD) plays critical roles in controlling protein homeostasis by degrading misfolded or terminal unfolded proteins. However, it remains unclear how SEL1L regulates peripheral T-cell survival and homeostasis. Herein, we found that SEL1L deficiency led to a greatly reduced frequency and number of mature T cells, which was further validated by adoptive transfer experiments or bone marrow chimera experiments, accompanied by the induction of multiple forms of cell death.

Extracellular vesicle-mediated intercellular and interorgan crosstalk of pancreatic islet in health and diabetes.

Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a systemic metabolic disease with high mortality and morbidity. Extracellular vesicles (EVs) have emerged as a novel class of signaling molecules, biomarkers and therapeutic agents. EVs-mediated intercellular and interorgan crosstalk of pancreatic islets plays a crucial role in the regulation of insulin secretion of β-cells and insulin action in peripheral insulin target tissues, maintaining glucose homeostasis under physiological conditions, and it's also involved in pathological changes including autoimmune response, insulin resistance and β-cell failure associated with DM.

A Directly Moldable, Highly Compact, and Easy-for-Integration 3D Micromixer with Extraordinary Mixing Performance.

Micromixers are a critical component in microfluidics. However, most 2D passive micromixers produce optimal mixing at a high flow rate range and 3D micromixers require mm-scale channels or a complex assembly that is unsuitable for microfluidic applications. Here, we reported a 3D PDMS micromixer based on the splitting-stretching-recombination (SSR) of streams to facilitate molecular diffusion, which can effectively and rapidly mix solutions with low Reynolds numbers (0.

Removal effect of trihalomethanes (THMs) and halogenated acetic acids (HAAs) precursors in reclaimed water by polyaluminum chloride (PACl) coagulation.

This study analyzed the removal effect of various doses of polyaluminum chloride (PACI) on wastewater treatment plants at pH 7. The sewage plant's secondary effluent organic matter (EfOM) separates into four components: hydrophobic base (HOB), hydrophilic (HI), hydrophobic acid (HOA), and hydrophobic neutral (HON). The removal effect for various forms of organic waste is optimum at 16 mg/L and that halogenated acetic acids (HAAs) and trihalomethanes (THMs) are formed simultaneously.

The effect of low volume high-intensity interval training on metabolic and cardiorespiratory outcomes in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus: A systematic review and meta-analysis.

Aims: The present systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials (RCTs) was conducted to investigate the effect of low volume high-intensity interval training (LVHIIT) on the metabolic and cardiorespiratory outcomes in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM).

Methods: Relevant articles were sourced from PubMed, EBSCO, Web of Science, Embase, and the Cochrane Library from inception to October 2022. The study search strategy and all other processes were implemented in accordance with the PRISMA statement.

A study on the accuracy of a new fluorescent detection method for vaginal fungi.

Background: To investigate the positive rate and clinical applicability of liquid-based fungal method for detecting of vaginal fungi. We collect the secretions from the posterior vaginal fornix and the vaginal wall of 198 patients with clinically suspected fungi vaginitis patients for study.

Methods: The vaginal fungi of vaginal discharge were detected by fluorescence method, i.

ROS downregulate TCA activity to modulate energy metabolism via the HIF/miR-34/ACS-PK pathway for lifespan extension in Helicoverpa armigera.

Previous studies have shown that high levels of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and low tricarboxylic acid (TCA) activity in the brain promote pupal diapause, which is characterized by metabolic depression and lifespan extension. However, it is unclear whether ROS are associated with TCA activity. In this study, we demonstrate that ROS downregulate TCA activity and acetyl-CoA and pyruvate levels in the brains of diapause-destined pupae in the moth Helicoverpa armigera, as well as the protein levels of acetyl-CoA synthetase (ACS) and pyruvate kinase (PK), two proteins involved in the biosynthesis of acetyl-CoA and pyruvate, respectively.

FoxO induces pupal diapause by decreasing TGFβ signaling.

Diapause is a form of dormancy used widely by insects to survive adverse seasons. Previous studies have demonstrated that forkhead box O (FoxO) is activated during pupal diapause initiation in the moth . However, it is unclear how FoxO induces diapause.

TRIM21 Regulates Virus-Induced Cell Pyroptosis through Polyubiquitination of ISG12a.

Pyroptosis is a form of regulated cell death mediated by the gasdermin protein family. During virus infection, cell pyroptosis restricts viral replication. The mechanisms of the tripartite motif (TRIM) protein family and IFN-stimulated genes (ISGs) against viruses have been studied.

An emotion analysis in learning environment based on theme-specified drawing by convolutional neural network.

Emotion in the learning process can directly influence the learner's attention, memory, and cognitive activities. Several literatures indicate that hand-drawn painting could reflect the learner's emotional status. But, such an evaluation of emotional status, manually conducted by the psychologist, is usually subjective and inefficient for clinical practice.

Biodegradable and Antioxidant DNA Hydrogel as a Cytokine Delivery System for Diabetic Wound Healing.

Impaired diabetic wound healing is associated with the persistence of chronic inflammation and excessive oxidative stress, which has become one of the most serious clinical challenges. Wound dressings with anti-inflammatory and reactive oxygen species (ROS)-scavenging properties are desirable for diabetic wound treatment. In this study, a shape-adaptable, biodegradable, biocompatible, antioxidant, and immunomodulatory interleukin-33 (IL-33)-cytogel is developed by encapsulating IL-33 into physically cross-linked DNA hydrogels and used as wound dressings to promote diabetic wound healing.