Fine Mapping and Candidate Gene Analysis of Two Major Quantitative Trait Loci, and , Controlling Fruit Weight in Pepper ().

Fruit weight is an important agronomic trait in pepper production and is closely related to yield. At present, many quantitative trait loci (QTL) related to fruit weight have been found in pepper; however, the genes affecting fruit weight remain unknown. We analyzed the fruit weight-related quantitative traits in an intraspecific cross between the cultivated species blocky-type pepper, cv.

Phytochemistry and Pharmacology of Sesquiterpenoids from DC. Genus Rhizomes.

The rhizomes of the genus DC. consist of various bioactive components, including sesquiterpenes, which have attracted a great deal of research interest in recent years. In the present study, we reviewed the previously published literatures prior to November 2023 on the chemical structures, biosynthetic pathways, and pharmacological activities of the sesquiterpenoids from this genus via online databases such as Web of Science, Google Scholar, and ScienceDirect.

Creating a new yellow and blue combination transparent film for C.A. Meyer growth based on orthogonal designs.

C.A. Meyer originates from old-growth forest environments, where the light intensity and spectrum reaching the forest bed are influenced by the canopy and humidity.

Biochar derivation at low temperature: A novel strategy for harmful resource usage of antibiotic mycelial dreg.

Antibiotic mycelial dreg (AMD) has been categorized as hazardous waste due to the high residual hazardous contaminants. Inappropriate management and disposal of AMD can cause potential environmental and ecological risks. In this study, the potential of pleuromutilin mycelial dreg (PMD) as a novel feedstock for preparing tetracycline hydrochloride (TC) adsorbent was explored to achieve safe management of PMD.

Development and validation of KASP markers for resistance to in L.

Unlabelled: Resistance of to blight is dependent on the genetic background of the resistance source and the isolate, which poses challenges for development of generally applicable molecular markers for marker-assisted selection. In this study, the resistance to of was genetically mapped to chromosome 5 within a 1.68-Mb interval by genome-wide association study analysis of 237 accessions.

Pepper variome reveals the history and key loci associated with fruit domestication and diversification.

Pepper (Capsicum spp.) is an important vegetable crop that provides a unique pungent sensation when eaten. Through construction of a pepper variome map, we examined the main groups that emerged during domestication and breeding of C.

HSP70-Promoter-Driven CRISPR/Cas9 System Activated by Reactive Oxygen Species for Multifaceted Anticancer Immune Response and Potentiated Immunotherapy.

To address the low response rate to immune checkpoint blockade (ICB) therapy, we propose a specific promoter-driven CRISPR/Cas9 system, F-PC/pHCP, that achieves permanent genomic disruption of PD-L1 and elicits a multifaceted anticancer immune response to potentiate immunotherapy. This system consists of a chlorin e6-encapsulated fluorinated dendrimer and HSP70-promoter-driven CRISPR/Cas9. F-PC/pHCP under 660 nm laser activated the HSP70 promoter and enabled the specific expression of the Cas9 protein to disrupt the PD-L1 gene, preventing immune escape.

Fine mapping of Rf2, a minor Restorer-of-fertility (Rf) gene for cytoplasmic male sterility in chili pepper G164 (Capsicum annuum L.).

Genome re-sequencing and recombination analyses identified Capana06g000193 as a strong candidate for the minor male fertility restoration locus Rf2 in chili pepper G164 harboring two dominant male fertility restoration genes. Male fertility restoration genes of chili pepper restorer line G164 (Capsicum annuum L.) were studied using molecular marker genotypes of an F population (7G) of G164 crossed with the cytoplasmic male sterility line 77013A.

Response of microbial community structure to chromium contamination in Panax ginseng-growing soil.

Chromium (Cr) contamination in soil poses a serious security risk for the development of medicine and food with ginseng as the raw material. Microbiome are critical players in the functioning and service of soil ecosystems, but their feedback to Cr-contaminated ginseng growth is still poorly understood. To study this hypothesis, we evaluated the effects of microbiome and different Cr exposure on the soil microbial community using Illumina HiSeq high-throughput sequencing.

Effects of cadmium contamination on bacterial and fungal communities in Panax ginseng-growing soil.

Background: Cadmium (Cd) contamination in soil poses a serious safety risk for the development of medicine and food with ginseng as the raw material. Microorganisms are key players in the functioning and service of soil ecosystems, but the effects of Cd-contaminated ginseng growth on these microorganisms is still poorly understood. To study this hypothesis, we evaluated the effects of microorganisms and Cd (0, 0.

Development and application of KASP markers associated with gene in L.

Unlabelled: Fertility restoration of cytoplasmic male sterility (CMS) in is controlled by multiple alleles of () genes. The isolation of additional genes should therefore enrich the knowledge of CMS/ systems and accelerate their exploitation in hybrid seed production. In this study, the fertility restorer gene of '0601 M', a non-pungent bell pepper, was genetically mapped to a 1.

A siRNA-Assisted Assembly Strategy to Simultaneously Suppress "Self" and Upregulate "Eat-Me" Signals for Nanoenabled Chemo-Immunotherapy.

Effectively activating macrophages that can engulf cancer cells is a promising immunotherapeutic strategy but remains a major challenge due to the expression of "self" signals (e.g., CD47 molecules) by tumor cells to prevent phagocytosis.

The osteogenic differentiation of human bone marrow stromal cells induced by nanofiber scaffolds using bioinformatics.

This article aims to investigate the mechanism of behaviors of human bone marrow stromal cells (hBMSCs) affected by scaffold structure combining Monte Carlo feature selection (MFCS), incremental feature selection (IFS) and support vector machine (SVM). The specific differentially expressed genes (DEGs) of hBMSCs cultured on nanofiber (NF) scaffolds and freeform fabrication (FFF) scaffolds were obtained. Key genes were screened from common genes between osteogenic DEGs and NF specific DEGs with MFCS, IFS and SVM.

Injectable hydrogel-mediated combination of hyperthermia ablation and photo-enhanced chemotherapy in the NIR-II window for tumor eradication.

Local administration of therapeutic agents with long-term retention capabilities efficiently avoids nonspecific distribution in normal organs with an increased drug concentration in pathological tissue. Herein, we developed an injectable and degradable alginate-calcium (Ca2+) hydrogel for the local administration of corn-like Au/Ag nanorods (NRs) and doxorubicin hydrochloride (DOX·HCl). The immobilized Au/Ag NRs with strong absorbance in the near-infrared II (NIR-II) window efficiently ablated the majority of tumor cells after 1064 nm laser irradiation and triggered the release of DOX to kill residual tumor cells.

Anticancer property of Hemp Bioactive Peptides in Hep3B liver cancer cells through Akt/GSK3β/β-catenin signaling pathway.

Foodborne protein hydrolysates exhibit biological activity that may be therapeutic in a number of human disease settings. Hemp peptides (HP) generated by controlled hydrolysis of hemp proteins have a number of health benefits and are of pharmaceutical value. In the present study, we produce small molecular weight HP from hemp seed and investigate its anticancer properties in Hep3B human liver cancer cells.

A predicted NEDD8 conjugating enzyme gene identified as a candidate gene using bulk segregant RNA sequencing.

Cytoplasmic male sterility (CMS) is an important tool for producing F hybrids, which can exhibit heterosis. The companion system, restorer-of-fertility (), is poorly understood at the molecular level and would be valuable in producing restorer lines for hybrid seed production. The identity of the gene in (pepper) is currently unclear.

Fine mapping of the major anthracnose resistance QTL AnR5 in Capsicum chinense 'PBC932'.

Background: Colletotrichum species are the causal agents of anthracnose, a major disease affecting the yield and quality of pepper (Capsicum spp.). Colletotrichum scovillei is widespread in China, has strong pathogenicity and drug resistance, and causes anthracnose disease in pepper fruits that severely reduces production.

Fine mapping of the male fertility restoration gene CaRf032 in Capsicum annuum L.

A novel strong candidate gene CA00g82510 for the male fertility restoration locus CaRf032 in Capsicum annuum was identified by genome re-sequencing and recombination analysis. A single dominant locus (CaRf032) for fertility restoration of cytoplasmic male sterility was identified in the strong restorer inbred line IVF2014032 of chili pepper (Capsicum annuum L.).

Promising positive liver targeting delivery system based on arabinogalactan-anchored polymeric micelles of norcantharidin.

Liver cancer is the third most common cause of global cancer-related deaths. This study focused on newly developed drug delivery systems with hepatocyte asialoglycoprotein receptor binding targeting the liver. Although norcantharidin (NCTD) is effective in primary liver cancer treatment, its toxicity in the urinary system remains.

FeO@Au composite magnetic nanoparticles modified with cetuximab for targeted magneto-photothermal therapy of glioma cells.

Background: Thermoresponsive nanoparticles have become an attractive candidate for designing combined multimodal therapy strategies because of the onset of hyperthermia and their advantages in synergistic cancer treatment. In this paper, novel cetuximab (C225)-encapsulated core-shell FeO@Au magnetic nanoparticles (FeO@Au-C225 composite-targeted MNPs) were created and applied as a therapeutic nanocarrier to conduct targeted magneto-photothermal therapy against glioma cells.

Methods: The core-shell FeO@Au magnetic nanoparticles (MNPs) were prepared, and then C225 was further absorbed to synthesize FeO@Au-C225 composite-targeted MNPs.

Evaluation of in vitro and in vivo antitumor effects of gambogic acid-loaded layer-by-layer self-assembled micelles.

This study aimed to develop a novel type of multilayer micelle using protamine (PRM) and hyaluronic acid (HA) for the delivery of gambogic acid (GA). GA-loaded micelles (GA-M) were simply andrapidly prepared using lecithin/solutol HS15 using a film-dispersion method. PRM and HA were added in sequence to form layer-by-layer self-assembled micelles (HA-PRM-GA-M), in which particle size, zeta potential, particle morphology, drug loading, encapsulation efficiency, and in vitro release were investigated.

Targeted delivery of ginsenoside compound K using TPGS/PEG-PCL mixed micelles for effective treatment of lung cancer.

Ginsenoside compound K (CK) is one of the effective ingredients in antitumor composition of ginsenoside. However, the poor water solubility and significant efflux have limited the widespread clinical use of CK. In this study, preparation of novel CK-loaded d-alpha-tocopheryl polyethylene glycol 1,000 succinate/poly(ethylene glycol)-poly(ε-caprolactone) mixed micelles (CK-M) is discussed to solve the above problems.

Enhancing the oral bioavailability of biochanin A by encapsulation in mixed micelles containing Pluronic F127 and Plasdone S630.

Biochanin A (BCA), a natural dietary isoflavone, has been reported to show anticancer activities. However, its low biological availability and poor aqueous solubility limit its usefulness as a chemotherapeutic agent. We developed BCA-loaded micelles with Pluronic F127 and Plasdone S630 (BCA-FS).

Optimization and evaluation of Oridonin-loaded Soluplus-Pluronic P105 mixed micelles for oral administration.

In this study, a new type of mixed micelles was developed using Soluplus (SOL) and Pluronic P105 (P105) for the encapsulation of Oridonin (ORN). Oridonin-loaded micelles (ORN-M) were simply prepared using solvent evaporation and characterized for particle size, particle morphology, encapsulation efficiency, and drug loading. In addition, the in vitro drug release behavior of ORN-M was assessed using the widely applied dialysis bag technique.