Fine mapping and functional validation of the candidate gene BhGA2ox3 for fruit pedicel length in wax gourd (Benincasa hispida).

The gene regulating fruit pedicel length in wax gourd was finely mapped to a 211 kb region on chromosome 8. The major gene, Bch08G017310 (BhGA2ox3), was identified through forward genetics. Fruit pedicel length (FPL) is a crucial trait in wax gourd (Benincasa hispida) that affects fruit development and cultivation management.

Quantitative Trait Loci Sequencing and Genetic Mapping Reveal Two Main Regulatory Genes for Stem Color in Wax Gourds.

Stem color is an important agronomic trait of wax gourds. However, its regulatory genes have not been identified. In this study, 105 inbred lines constructed from two parents (GX-71 and MY-1) were sequenced and quantitative trait loci sequencing was used to mine the genes that regulate stem color in wax gourds.

Fine mapping of the major gene controlling seed size in wax gourd ().

Introduction/background: The seed size of wax gourds is an important agronomic trait; however, the associated genes have not yet been reported.

Methods: In this study, we used a high-density genetic map constructed based on F recombinant inbred line populations derived from a cross between MY-1 (large seed) and GX-71 (small seed) strains to detect quantitative trait locis (QTLs) for seed-size-related traits in wax gourd over a two-year period.

Results: Two stable QTLs ( and ) for seed length (SL) and seed width (SW) on chromosome 10 were repeatedly detected over two years (2021-2022).

Recent progress of microplastic toxicity on human exposure base on in vitro and in vivo studies.

Microplastics are widely distributed in the environment, including the atmosphere, soil and water bodies. They have been found to have toxic effects on organisms. The impact on human health is also receiving considerable attention.

Forward genetic studies reveal as a key gene in regulating the green color of pericarp in bottle gourd ().

The fruit peel color is an important factor that affects its quality. However, genes involved in regulating pericarp color in bottle gourd () have not been explored to date. Genetic analysis of color traits in bottle gourd peel through a genetic population of six generations demonstrated that the green color of peels is inherited as a single gene dominant trait.

Development and Application of InDel Markers Linked to Fruit-Shape and Peel-Colour Genes in Wax Gourd.

The wax gourd is commonly grown in many countries because of its high nutritional and economic value. While the genes for the fruit shape and peel colour of wax gourd have been reported, the InDel markers linked to these genes remain undeveloped. In this study, the InDel markers linked to fruit-shape () and peel-colour () genes were developed from resequenced data.

Fine Mapping and Functional Analysis of Major Regulatory Genes of Soluble Solids Content in Wax Gourd ().

Soluble solids content (SSC) is an important quality trait of wax gourd, but reports about its regulatory genes are scarce. In this study, the SSC regulatory gene in wax gourd was mined via quantitative trait locus (QTL) mapping based on high-density genetic mapping containing 12 linkage groups (LG) and bulked segregant analysis (BSA)-seq. QTL mapping and BSA-seq revealed for the first time that the SSC QTL (107.

Identification and Application of BhAPRR2 Controlling Peel Colour in Wax Gourd ().

Peel color is an important factor affecting commodity quality in vegetables; however, the genes controlling this trait remain unclear in wax gourd. Here, we used two F genetic segregation populations to explore the inheritance patterns and to clone the genes associated with green and white skin in wax gourd. The F and BC trait segregation ratios were 3:1 and 1:1, respectively, and the trait was controlled by nuclear genes.

Fine mapping and identification of the candidate gene BFS for fruit shape in wax gourd (Benincasa hispida).

Non-synonymous mutations in the BFS gene, which encodes the IQD protein, are responsible for the shape of wax gourd fruits. Fruit shape is an important agronomic trait in wax gourds. Therefore, in this study, we employed bulked segregant analysis (BSA) to identify a candidate gene for fruit shape in wax gourds within F populations derived by crossing GX-71 (long cylindrical fruit, fruit shape index = 4.

Epigallocatechin-3-Gallate Alleviates High-Fat Diet-Induced Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease via Inhibition of Apoptosis and Promotion of Autophagy through the ROS/MAPK Signaling Pathway.

Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) represents one of the most common chronic liver diseases in the world. It has been reported that epigallocatechin-3-gallate (EGCG) plays important biological and pharmacological roles in mammalian cells. Nevertheless, the mechanism underlying the beneficial effect of EGCG on the progression of NAFLD has not been fully elucidated.

Hydrogen Sulfide Attenuates High-Fat Diet-Induced Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease by Inhibiting Apoptosis and Promoting Autophagy via Reactive Oxygen Species/Phosphatidylinositol 3-Kinase/AKT/Mammalian Target of Rapamycin Signaling Pathway.

Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is a common chronic liver disease worldwide. Hydrogen sulfide (HS) is involved in a wide range of physiological and pathological processes. Nevertheless, the mechanism of action of HS in NAFLD development has not been fully clarified.

Exogenous Hydrogen Sulfide Regulates the Growth of Human Thyroid Carcinoma Cells.

Hydrogen sulfide (HS) is involved in the development and progression of many types of cancer. However, the effect and mechanism of HS on the growth of human thyroid carcinoma cells remain unknown. In the present study, we found that the proliferation, viability, migration, and invasion of human thyroid carcinoma cells were enhanced by 25-50 M NaHS (an HS donor) and inhibited by 200 M NaHS.

Characterization and genome analysis of novel Klebsiella phage Henu1 with lytic activity against clinical strains of Klebsiella pneumoniae.

Klebsiella pneumoniae is an important human pathogen that is associated with a wide range of diseases, including pneumonia and septicemia. Because of the threat of drug-resistant K. pneumoniae to humans, especially carbapenem-resistant K.

Peptide V3 Inhibits the Growth of Human Hepatocellular Carcinoma by Inhibiting the Ras/Raf/MEK/ERK Signaling Pathway.

Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is one of the leading causes of cancer-related deaths. Peptide V3 has shown anti-angiogenic and anti-tumor effects on S180 and H22 xenografts in nude mice. However, the detailed mechanism of action of peptide V3 has not yet been fully elucidated.

A novel hydrogen sulfide-releasing donor, HA-ADT, suppresses the growth of human breast cancer cells through inhibiting the PI3K/AKT/mTOR and Ras/Raf/MEK/ERK signaling pathways.

Breast cancer is one of the most frequent cancers among women worldwide. Hyaluronic acid (HA) is one of the best biopolymers in terms of safety issues and has been widely used in drug delivery and tissue engineering. 5-(4-hydroxyphenyl)-3H-1,2-dithiol-3-thione (ADT-OH) is a commonly used HS donor.

Hepatitis B Virus Infection is a Prognostic Biomarker for Better Survival in Operable Esophageal Cancer: Analysis of 2,004 Patients from an Endemic Area in China.

Background: Hepatitis B Virus (HBV) infection has been proven to be associated with the survival of many cancers. However, the prevalence and prognostic value of HBV infection in esophageal cancer has not been investigated yet.

Methods: A total of 2,004 consecutive esophageal cancer patients who underwent esophagectomy between 2000 and 2008 were recruited in our study.

Epigallocatechin-3-gallate inhibits the growth and increases the apoptosis of human thyroid carcinoma cells through suppression of EGFR/RAS/RAF/MEK/ERK signaling pathway.

Background: Thyroid cancer is the most common type of endocrine malignancy and the incidence rate is rapidly increasing worldwide. Epigallocatechin-3-gallate (EGCG) could suppress cancer growth and induce apoptosis in many types of cancer cells. However, the mechanism of action of EGCG on the growth of human thyroid carcinoma cells has not been fully illuminated.

DOA Estimation for Underwater Target by Active Detection on Virtual Time Reversal Using a Uniform Linear Array.

Aiming at addressing the problem caused by multipath effects in direction of arrival (DOA) estimation for underwater targets, a method based on the active detection on virtual time reversal (ADVTR) Capon algorithm is proposed. Unlike the conventional passive target estimation method ignoring the multipath effects but only considering the direct wave, the proposed method is closer to the actual situation in that the multipath signal propagation model is fully taken into account; in addition, active detection (AD) and virtual time reversal (VTR) processes are added, which use active detection to estimate channels, and virtual time reversal to realize focusing in a computer after the source-receive array (SRA) receives the reflected signal of the target. The combination of the two methods can greatly improve the energy of SRA and the precision of target direction estimation.

Cross-reactivity of autoreactive T cells with MBP and viral antigens in patients with MS.

In this study, we detected the viral DNA of Human Herpes Virus 6 (HHV-6) in the sera and cell-free cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) of Chinese multiple sclerosis (MS) patients. The results revealed that the copy numbers of serum HHV-6 viral DNA were higher in MS than in normal subjects (NS) or in other neurologic diseases (OND). We also found that in the MS subjects, most T cells recognizing myelin basic protein (MBP) were cross-reactive and could be activated by a synthetic peptide corresponding to residues of HHV-6 or EBV.

[Angiogenesis of brain after ischemia/reperfusion injury of brain in aged rats and changes in expressions of basic fibroblast growth factor and transformation growth factor-β1].

Objective: To elucidate the mechanism of angiogenesis after cerebral ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) in the aged rats by observing the changes in expressions of basic fibroblast growth factor (bFGF) and transformation growth factor-β1 (TGF-β1).

Methods: Young Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats were classified into groups by random digits table, and aged SD rats were stratified by different body weight. Rats were randomly divided into groups of sham operation, ischemia (I) 3 hours, I/R 1, 3, 6, 12 days, with 6 rats in each group.

[Relationship between the changes in ischemia/reperfusion cerebro-microvessel basement membrane injury and gelatinase system in senile rat].

Objective: To study the relationship of cerebro-microvessel basement membrane injury and gelatinase system after cerebral ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) in aged rats.

Methods: Cerebral I/R injury model was reproduced by intraluminal silk ligature thrombosis of the middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO). Rats were divided randomly into sham control and I/R groups in young rats [ischemia 3 hours (I 3 h) and reperfusion 6 hours (I/R 6 h), 12 hours (I/R 12 h), 24 hours (I/R 24 h), 3 days (I/R 3 d), 6 days (I/R 6 d)], and sham control group and I/R group in aged rats (I 3 h and I/R 6 h, I/R 12 h, I/R 24 h , I/R 3 d, I/R 6 d).

The value and correlation between PRL-3 expression and matrix metalloproteinase activity and expression in human gliomas.

Local invasion of tumor cells is characteristic of most human glioma invasions. It is associated with increased motility and a potential to degrade the extracellular matrix. Matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) have been proved to be a main process in local invasion of brain tumor.

[Study on changes of neuron apoptosis after focal cerebral ischemia/reperfusion in the aged rats].

Objective: To study ultrastructured change and neuron apoptosis after focal cerebral ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) in the aged rats.

Methods: The aged SD rats (20-21 months) and the young (4-5 months) were subjected to 3 hours of middle cerebral artery occulsion with the intraluminal filament technique, followed by reperfusion for 3 hours, 6 hours, 12 hours, 24 hours, 72 hours. The ultrastructure of brain, infarct zone and neuron apoptosis were observed.

Preliminary Study on Gene Therapy of PD Monkey Using Microcapsulated Rat Transgenetic Myoblasts.

Rat myoblast cells transfected with tyrosine hydroxylase gene were microcapsulated using the ALG/PLL system. These microcapsulated cells could survive grow and produce tyrosine hydroxylase(TH)for at least two months in vitro. After the implantation of these microcapsules into monkey striatum microcapsulated cells still survived one month more.