Regulation of melanization in aphids by parasitoid wasp venom proteins enhances mummification.

Background: Interactions between parasitic insects and their hosts demonstrate the complexity of evolutionary processes. Specifically, the parasitoid wasp Aphidius ervi manipulates its host, the pea aphid Acyrthosiphon pisum, through strategic venom injection to enhance mummification. This study explores how this venom affects the aphid's immune system, particularly targeting the activity of the phenoloxidase (PO) enzyme.

Precursor-oriented design of nano-alumina for efficient removal of antibiotics.

Rapid and efficient removal of environmental antibiotics is vital to curb bacterial resistance. Through rational precursors-oriented design, we attain the best AlO absorbent by 500 °C calcination of ammonium aluminium carbonate hydroxide (AACH) precursor from NHHCO route (AACH-NHHCO-500) for fast and efficient removal of tetracycline (TC) and other antibiotics from environmental waters including high-salinity wastewater. AACH-NHHCO-500 (0.

Surface engineering of AlO nanotubes by ureasolysis method for activating persulfate degradation of antibiotics.

Though ecofriendly, pure AlO has never been used for activation of peroxodisulfate (PDS) to degrade pollutants. We report the fabrication of AlO nanotubes by ureasolysis method for efficient activating PDS degradation of antibiotics. The fast ureasolysis in aqueous AlCl solution produces NHAl(OH)CO nanotubes, which are calcined to porous AlO nanotubes, and the release of ammonia and carbon dioxide engineers the surface features of large surface area, numerous acidic-basic sites and suitable Zeta potentials.

Simultaneously enhanced stability and biological activities of chlorogenic acid by covalent grafting with soluble oat β-glucan.

Chlorogenic acid (CA) has a wide range of biological activities but the chemical structure is extremely unstable. In this study, CA was grafted onto a soluble oat β-glucan (OβGH) to improve the stability. Although the crystallinity and thermal stability of CA-OβGH conjugates reduced, the storage stability of CA significantly improved.

Cr-ZnGaO@Pt for Light-Triggered Dark Catalytic Regeneration of Nicotinamide Coenzymes without Other Electron Mediators.

Photocatalysts for regeneration of reduced nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NADH) usually work with continuous lighting and electron mediators, which causes impracticability under dark conditions, risk of NADH reoxidation, and complex separation. To solve these problems, we present a new catalyst of tiny Pt nanoparticles photodeposited on chromium-doped zinc gallate (CZGO@Pt). Upon being light-triggered, the photogenerated electrons are stored in the traps of CZGO and then gradually released and transferred by Pt to directly reduce NAD after stoppage of illumination.

Porous Ga O Nanotubes Derived from Urease-Mediated Interfacially-Grown NH Ga(OH) CO for High-Efficient Hydrogen Evolution.

The authors proposed a novel template-free strategy, urease-mediated interfacial growth of NH Ga(OH) CO nanotubes at 20-50 °C, to fabricate the porous Ga O nanotubes. The subtlety of the proposed strategy is all the products from urea enzymolysis are utilized in formation of NH Ga(OH) CO precipitates, and the key for interfacial growth of NH Ga(OH) CO nanotubes is the dynamic match between the rate of CO bubble fusion and NH Ga(OH) CO precipitation. The proposed strategy works well for the doped porous Ga O nanotubes.

Aminosilanized magnetic carbon microspheres for the magnetic solid-phase extraction of bisphenol A, bisphenol AF, and tetrabromobisphenol A from environmental water samples.

Aminosilanized magnetic carbon microspheres as a novel adsorbent were designed and fabricated. The adsorbent was used for the magnetic solid-phase extraction of bisphenols at trace levels from environmental water samples before liquid chromatography with tandem mass spectrometry analysis. The structure, surface, and magnetic behavior of the as-prepared aminosilanized magnetic carbon microspheres were characterized by elemental analysis, scanning electron microscopy, transmission electron microscopy, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, powder X-ray diffraction, and vibrating sample magnetometry.

[Rapid identification of Coix seed varieties by near infrared spectroscopy].

Unsupervised learning algorithm-principal component analysis (PCA), and supervised learning algorithm-learning vector quantization (LVQ) neural network and support vector machine (SVM) were used to carry out qualitative discriminant analysis of different varieties of coix seed from different regions. Since nutrient compositions of different varieties coix seed samples from different origins were complex and the contents were similar, characteristic variables of two kinds of coix seed were alike, the scores plot of their principal components seriously overlapped and the categories of coix seed were difficult to distinguish While satisfactory results were obtained by LVQ neural network and SVM. The accuracy of LVQ neural network prediction is 90.

Robust decentralized hybrid adaptive output feedback fuzzy control for a class of large-scale MIMO nonlinear systems and its application to AHS.

This paper presents a novel observer-based decentralized hybrid adaptive fuzzy control scheme for a class of large-scale continuous-time multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) uncertain nonlinear systems whose state variables are unmeasurable. The scheme integrates fuzzy logic systems, state observers, and strictly positive real conditions to deal with three issues in the control of a large-scale MIMO uncertain nonlinear system: algorithm design, controller singularity, and transient response. Then, the design of the hybrid adaptive fuzzy controller is extended to address a general large-scale uncertain nonlinear system.

The complex action recognition via the correlated topic model.

Human complex action recognition is an important research area of the action recognition. Among various obstacles to human complex action recognition, one of the most challenging is to deal with self-occlusion, where one body part occludes another one. This paper presents a new method of human complex action recognition, which is based on optical flow and correlated topic model (CTM).

Soluble dietary fiber from Canna edulis Ker by-product and its physicochemical properties.

Using Canna edulis Ker by-product as raw materials, soluble dietary fiber (SDF) was prepared using six different methods, including chemical, physical-chemical, enzymatic, physical-enzymatic, chemical-enzymatic and physical-chemical-enzymatic methods. As main component in the C. edulis by-product composed of cellulose, glucose converts to other single sugars, which form a series of compounds in the SDF.

Canna edulis Ker by-product: chemical composition and characteristics of the dietary fiber.

Canna edulis Ker by-product was recycled and utilized after starch extraction. The chemical composition, physical properties and antioxidant activity of the by-product were investigated. The by-product was mainly composed of dietary fiber (54.

The surface potential of a spherical colloid particle: functional theoretical approach.

By using the iterative method in functional analysis, the potential of the electrical double layer of a spherical colloid particle, which is represented by the so-called Poisson-Boltzmann (PB) equation, has been solved analytically under general potential conditions. With the help of the diagram method in mathematics, the surface potential of the particle has been defined from the second iterative solution. The influence of the parameters included in the solutions on the surface potential has been studied.

Molecular interaction in binary surfactant mixtures containing alkyl polyglycoside.

Surface tensions were measured for several binary mixtures of a multidegree polymerized alkyl polyglycoside, C12G1.46' with different types of surfactants in 0.1 M NaCl at 25 degrees C.