Composition regulates dissolved organic matter adsorption onto iron (oxy)hydroxides and its competition with phosphate: Implications for organic carbon and phosphorus immobilization in lakes.

Dissolved organic matter (DOM) is a heterogeneous pool of compounds and exhibits diverse adsorption characteristics with or without phosphorous (P) competition. The impacts of these factors on the burial and mobilization of organic carbon and P in aquatic ecosystems remain uncertain. In this study, an algae-derived DOM (ADOM) and a commercially available humic acid (HA) with distinct compositions were assessed for their adsorption behaviors onto iron (oxy)hydroxides (FeOx), both in the absence and presence of phosphate.

Adsorption of humic acids to lake sediments: Compositional fractionation, inhibitory effect of phosphate, and implications for lake eutrophication.

Humic acid (HA) and phosphate interactions play a vital role in the biogeochemical cycle of carbon and nutrients and thus the trophic state of a lake. The adsorption behavior of HAs to sediments in the absence and presence of phosphate was investigated in this study. Three types of HAs were used, AHA from algae-dominated lake sediments, MHA from macrophyte-dominated lake sediments, and a reference HA (RHA) with terrestrial sources.

Direct versus indirect effects of human activities on dissolved organic matter in highly impacted lakes.

Human activities can alter dissolved organic matter (DOM) in lakes through both direct (i.e., exporting DOM of anthropogenic sources) and indirect effects (i.

Advances in the use of chloroquine and hydroxychloroquine for the treatment of COVID-19.

Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19), caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), is spreading worldwide. Antiviral therapy is the most important treatment for COVID-19. Among the drugs under investigation, anti-malarials, chloroquine (CQ) and hydroxychloroquine (HCQ), are being repurposed as treatment for COVID-19.

Current treatment of chronic hepatitis C in China: Dilemma and potential problems.

Major advances have been made in the treatment of chronic hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection with the advent of direct-acting antiviral agents (DAAs). China has the most cases of HCV infection worldwide, but none of the DAAs has been approved in mainland China so far, and interferon (IFN)-α-based treatment remains the standard of care. HCV patients without response or with contraindications to IFN-based therapy have no alternative options.

Prognostic role of neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio in colorectal cancer: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

The prognostic role of inflammation index like neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR) in colorectal cancer (CRC) remains controversial. We conduct a meta-analysis to determine the predictable value of NLR in the clinical outcome of CRC patients. The analysis was carried out based on the data from 16 studies (19 cohorts) to evaluate the association between NLR and overall survival (OS) and progression-free survival (PFS) in patients with CRC.

Risk factors and clinical characteristics of portal vein thrombosis after splenectomy in patients with liver cirrhosis.

Background: Portal vein thrombosis (PVT) is a potential lethal complication and may have negative influence on the prognosis after splenectomy in patients with liver cirrhosis. Prevention and timely detection of PVT are quite significant. There is a lack of knowledge about the clinical features and risk factors of PVT.

Therapeutic liver repopulation for metabolic liver diseases: Advances from bench to bedside.

Metabolic liver diseases are characterized by inherited defects in hepatic enzymes or other proteins with metabolic functions. Therapeutic liver repopulation (TLR), an approach of massive liver replacement by transplanted normal hepatocytes, could be used to provide the missing metabolic function elegantly. However, partial and transient correction of the underlying metabolic defects due to very few integrated donor cell mass remains the major obstacle for the effective and widespread use of this approach.

[Effects of sediment resuspension on bacterioplankton community composition].

To determine the response of bacterioplankton community to sediment resuspension we set up two different intensities of the sediment resuspension in experimental microcosms. We employed the terminal restriction fragment length polymorphism (T-RFLP), denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis (DGGE) methods to characterize the bacterial community structure. The result demonstrated that the species richness of the bacterioplankton in the treatment with sediment resuspension was higher than that in the controls without sediment resuspension.

[Effects of leaf damage and sediment type on compensatory growth of submerged macrophyte Vallisneria spiralis].

Through a 2 x 2 factorial outdoor experiment, the effects of leaf damage and sediment type on the compensatory growth of submerged macrophyte Vallisneria spiralis were examined. The results showed that leaf damage and sediment type had significant effects on the cumulative biomass, biomass allocation, and ramet number of V. spiralis.

[Effects of granulocyte colony-stimulating factor on hepatocyte apoptosis in acute liver failure: experiment with rats].

Objective: To explore the effects of granulocyte colony- stimulating factor (G-CSF) on hepatocyte apoptosis in acute liver failure (ALF) and possible mechanism thereof.

Methods: One hundred and sixty SD rats underwent intraperitoneal injection of D-galactosamine (D-GalN) 1.4 g/kg so as to establish AFL models and then were randomly divided into 2 equal groups: G-CSF therapy group, injected hypodermically with recombinant human G-CSF 50 microg x kg(-1) x d(-1) 2 hours after D-GalN injection for 3 consecutive days, and placebo control group, injected hypodermically with normal saline for 3 consecutive days.

[Polymorphism of codon25 in signal peptide region of transforming growth factor beta 1 and its association with chronic hepatitis C virus infection].

Objective: To investigate the possible relationship between polymorphism of codon25 in signal peptide region of transforming growth factor beta 1 (TGFb1) and hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection susceptibility.

Methods: Genotypes of TGFb1 of 191 subjects (85 HCV infected patients and 106 healthy controls) were studied. Genotypes of TGFb1 codon25 were determined by amplification refractory mutation system (ARMS).

Correlation of serum leptin levels with anthropometric and metabolic parameters and biochemical liver function in Chinese patients with chronic hepatitis C virus infection.

Aim: To determine serum leptin levels and investigate their correlations with anthropometric and metabolic parameters and biochemical liver function in patients with chronic hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection and their potential clinical implications.

Methods: Forty-two chronic HCV-infected patients without anti-viral treatment were enrolled in this study, 30 patients had chronic hepatitis C, 10 had cirrhosis, and 2 had hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Thirty age- and sex-matched healthy individuals served as controls.

Sequential changes of serum ferritin levels and their clinical significance in lamivudine-treated patients with chronic viral hepatitis B.

Aim: To study the sequential changes of serum ferritin levels in lamivudine-treated patients with chronic viral hepatitis B and the clinical implications.

Methods: Thirty-eight patients with chronic viral hepatitis B were prospectively studied during their treatment with lamivudine. Each patient received 100 mg oral lamivudine daily for 12 mo, and was observed and tested for blood biochemistry and hepatitis B virus (HBV) DNA levels and serum ferritin levels at baseline and at 3, 6 and 12 mo during the treatment.