Superimposed Hermite-Gaussian-correlated Schell-model beam with multiple off-axis vortices.

We first introduce a class of a superimposed Hermite-Gaussian-correlated Schell model with a multiple off-axis vortices beam, with the side lobe of the beam carrying one to four vortex singularities at the source plane. Subsequently, the variation laws of this beam after being focused by a thin lens are studied theoretically to obtain the optimal beam parameters. The numerical simulation results show that the beam possesses a unique multiple vortex structure, phase structure, and orbital angular momentum.

Propagation properties of partially coherent crescent-like beams under maritime environment.

Based on the extended Huygens-Fresnel principle, the analytical expressions for the intensity distribution, effective radius of curvature, beam wander, Strehl ratio, and the power in the bucket of a partially coherent crescent-like (PCCL) beam under the maritime environment are derived. The propagation properties of the PCCL beams through the maritime environment are investigated in detail. Numerical results indicate that, for the maritime environment, the propagation properties and beam quality of a PCCL beam are closely related to its initial beam parameters and the turbulence parameters.